ING 53 IQ 2022

English pronunciation Lic. Jairo Porras Méndez

ING 53

13. Essay

12. Minimal pais

11. Consonants

10. Vowels

9. IPA

8. Phoneme / Allophone

7. Variations

6. Stress / intonation

5. Skills involved

4. Speech

3. Pronunciation

2. Phonetics

1. Phonology

Index

Education is the passport to the future, for tomorrow belongs to those who prepare for it today.

– Malcolm X

the study of the sound system

Phonology

Phonetics

• The study of sound in their place and manner of articulation in the vocal tract.

Pronunciation

Pronunciation is the way of producing a spoken word, especially so that it is accepted or generally understood.

sPEECH

The speech process consists of conveying a message through the medium of a sound.

Skills involved

Pronunciation includes features of language (vocabulary and grammar) and skills (speaking and listening).

Pronunciation involves listening to how the language sounds. We can practice by focusing on connected speech while playing fragments from speech recordings.

Since pronunciation is part of speaking, it is also physical. To pronounce a new language, we need to re-train the muscles we use to speak.

Stress

• The stress is the intensity given to a syllable of speech by special effort in utterance, resulting in relative loudness.

Intonation

• The way in which our voice changes as the pitch rises and falls allows the others to understand our stance of various things.

Falling

Rising intonation occurs when the voice goes up in pitch. EG: , 1- At the end of yes/no questions. 2- Whit lists, separating each item with a short rise in the voice, before a final, falling intonation for the last item in a list.

Falling intonation is used with information sentences and, in general, at the end of statements. 1- Statements 2- WH- Questions 3- Commands or invitations 4- Exclamations

Rising

Variations in pronun

Changes in pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary. Being part of a social group. Social class, educational level and idiosyncratic factors.

PHoneme VRS Allophone

1. The phoneme is a functional unit: it is used in speech to distinguish one word from another. Eg: /T/ /D/ /P/ How the letter sounds by itself2. The allophone is the variation of the phoneme in a word. Example: /t/ = phoneme Better, butter, tub, stub = allophones of the phoneme /t/

The international phonetic alphabet

Spelling, or orthography, does not consistently represent the sounds of language

Way of representing the sounds of language in written forms.

It was invented in 1888

A combination of letters may represent a single sound.shoot ---character

The same sound may be represented by many letters or combination of letters:He--- She---- People ---- See--- Key

Someone who knows the IPA knows how to pronounce any word in any language

Known as IPA

Articulatory Phonetics

Glottis / Epiglottis

the opening between the vocal cords

– Larynx

‘voice box’

– Pharynx

tubular part of the throat above the larynx

Articulatory Phonetics

oral cavity

mouth

Nasal Cavity

nose and the passages connecting it to the throat and sinuses

Consonants

Vowels

Minimal pairs

A minimal pair is two words that vary by only a single sound, usually meaning sounds that may confuse English learners, like the /f/ and /v/ in fan and van, or the /e/ and /ɪ/ in desk and disk.

thank you