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Quiz 4 Review
Anabel Hernández Lóp
Created on March 7, 2024
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Transcript
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Outdoor equipment
Milestones
Skills and abilitites
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Quiz 4
2 Partial
Unit 7
Grammar
Grammar
Grammar
Past perfect
Modal verbs: ability
Expressing purpose
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Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Multi-word verbs
Geographical features
Comment adverbs
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Quiz 4
2 Partial
Unit 8
Grammar
Grammar
Grammar
Modal verbs: obligation and necessity
Passives: present and past
Non-defining relative clauses
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expressing purpose, or saying why we do something can be done in different ways:
use so (that) + modal or clause (subject + verb)
use to + infinitive
- I'm going to Peru to visit Machu Picchu.
- She's saving money to buy a new car.
- He stayed home to not get infected.
- Finish your veggies so that you can grow strong.
- Download the map so you don't get lost.
use in order to + infinitiveas a more formal alternative
use so + clause (subject + verb) to express result or consequence
- You'll need a better camera in order to take high-quality pictures.
- We are going to study a lot in order to pass the exam
- They returned the things to the store in order to not get in trouble.
- I was hungry, so I ate.
use for + -ing to talk about the purpose or function of something.
- I recommend classic music for soothing.
- This cloth is for cleaning the tables.
Modals of ability
Use can/can't + verb
Use be able to + verb
as an alternative to can/could in more formal contexts
to talk about ability in the present
- Some children are able to speak at a young age.
- I wasn't able to open the window.
- He'll be able to help you later.
- I've never been able to understand Math.
- I'd love to be able to sing.
- You need to be able to speak German for this job.
- She enjoys being able to spend time at home.
- She can run very fast.
- I can't play the guitar.
- Can he cook?
Use could/couldn't + verb
to talk about general in the past
- She could play the piano before.
- I couldn't swim until I was 10 years old.
amazingly fortunately/unfortunately happily/sadly hopefully luckily/unluckily obviously strangely (not) surprisingly thankfully tragically
get married/engaged/divorced have children move house graduate from university/college find/get/lose your first job pass a driving test/an exam win an award go traveling/abroad start a business leave home/school fall in love
clear uptake out call...back shut down join in put...away throw away put...back give out dealing with hand in
work on gain improve develop prepare edit design learn take
my language skills/my project/my singing
confidence/experience/knowledge
my speaking skills/my math/my score
my practical skills/my interview skills/a plan
delicious dishes/for an interview/for a party
TikTok videos/my work/my post
a website/my own clothes/a house
English/how to change a tire/to play the flute
photos/a course/a French class
Use non-defining relative clauses to give more information about a person, thing, or place.Always separate a non-defining relative clause from the main clause with a comma.
use who for people
use whose for possession
- PrepaTec, whose services are one of the best in Mexico, has many students.
- William Shakespeare, who was from England, wrote many plays like Romeo and Juliet.
use where for places and when for time
use which for things
- The reserve, where you can see bears, wolves, and other animals, needs your donations.
- The best time to visit Dubai is from November to March, when it isn't so hot, so you don't get dehydrated.
- Shakira was born in Barranquilla, which is a city in Colombia, in 1977.
don't use that with a non-defining relative clause
modal verbs: obligation and necessity
had to + verb
Use must + verb
is the past tense of must and have to/had got to
to express what is necessary, required, or what you are obligated to do
- They had to leave school early.
- We must wear a seat belt at all times.
Use need to + verb
Use mustn't + verb
to express what you are obligated not to do
to express what is necessary or required
- She needs to live close to her job.
- I needed to go shopping but I forgot.
- We mustn't be late.
Use have to/have got to + verb
Use be (not) allowed to + verb
as an alternative to must
to express permission or prohibition
- You have to wear a tie to the party.
- We have got to win the game.
- We aren't allowed to use our phones in class.
amazingly fortunately/unfortunately happily/sadly hopefully luckily/unluckily obviously strangely (not) surprisingly thankfully tragically
Past Perfect
Use when, before, after, by the time, by this time
Use had + past participle
to talk about an event in the past that happened before another event in the past.
to connect the events or situations
- We'd lived in the apartment for weeks before we met the neighbors.
- William had left the party by the time we arrived.
Use the past perfect to show what happened first.Use the past simple to talk about what happened second.
Use already and just
- The meeting had finished when James arrived.
- Before I decided to travel to South America, I had traveled through Europe.
already emphasizes the action is completed and just tells us that it happened a short time before.
- The meeting had already finished when James arrived.
- I had just called you.