Linguistic Variation

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The elements of language variance and how it influences gender, age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status

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Andrade Alanis

Suqui Stefani

Jurado Milton

Barba Fredy

Linguistic variation

Linguistic variation refers to the differences in the way people speak a language based on various factors such as geographic region, social group, age, education level, and more. These variations can manifest in pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and other aspects of language. An example of linguistic variation in English would be the way people refer to a carbonated beverage. In the United States, it's commonly called "soda," while in the United Kingdom, it's often referred to as "fizzy drink" or simply "pop" in some parts of the Midwest in the United States. This difference in terminology is an example of regional linguistic variation in the English language.

British English: the "r" sound is typically not pronounced at the end of words and syllables. For example, "car" is often pronounced like [kɑː]. American English: the "r" sound is pronounced at the end of words and syllables. [kɑr].

sound

Linguistic variation encompasses differences in language use, and it can occur in various aspects of language, including sound (phonological variation) Example: The pronunciation of the "r" sound in British and American English. "car"

Some nouns have irregular plural forms. For instance, "man" becomes "men," The morphological variation exists within the English language as speakers use both regular and irregular verb forms, depending on the specific verb.

morphology

Morphological variation involves differences in the structure and formation of words. Example: regular verb "walk" becomes "walked," where the past tense is created by adding "-ed" to the base form of the verb. Irregular verbs "go / eat" do not follow the standard "-ed" pattern. Instead, they have unique past tense and past participle forms "went / eaten".

For example, consider the English sentence: "The cat chased the mouse." The syntax of this sentence follows the subject-verb-object (SVO) order, which is common in English :

Syntax

Syntax refers to the structure of sentences in a language. It deals with how words are combined to form grammatically correct and meaningful sentences. This includes elements like word order, sentence structure, and the arrangement of phrases and clauses. Syntax is a fundamental aspect of any language, as it governs how ideas are expressed through sentences.

Changing the word order would alter the meaning :

For example, American English has various dialects, including Southern, Midwestern, and Northeastern dialects.

dialects

Dialects are regional or social varieties of a language that differ in pronunciation, vocabulary, and sometimes syntax. These variations arise due to historical, geographical, and social factors. Dialects can be mutually intelligible with the standard or prestige variety of a language, or they can be distinct enough to pose communication challenges for speakers of other dialects.

word - choice

Example: Think about the term for a small bread roll: In the United States, this might be commonly referred to as a "roll" or "bun." In the United Kingdom, it's often called a "bread roll" or simply a "bap" in some regions.

Word choice in sociolinguistic variation refers to the selection of specific words or phrases that individuals or communities use in their speech or writing. This choice can be influenced by various social factors:

Region Social ,Class ,Ethnic and Cultural Identity, Age, Education, Gender, Social Context, Media and Pop Culture.

Describe how linguistic variation is affected by gender, age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic factors of speakers!

Theme 2

linguistic variation is affected by:

aGE

GENGER

eTHNIC oRIGIN

SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS OF THE SPEAKERS

Gender

Gender is very present in each year, however the term gender or also called ´´sex´´, a meaning made up of ambiguous terms. This is affected by ideology, and by the great sexual diversity that people have created lately, every day people are increasing more ideologies so for this reason there is an increasingly greater problem.

Age

“The age of the speakers is one of the social factors that can most strongly and clearly determine the uses of a speech community.” (Lei, n.d.-b) Age goes hand in hand with the use of language, as a person grows their vocabulary will change, for example; A 3-year-old child will not be able to say ´´brother´´ unlike a 10-year-old child. So it can be said that age plays a very important role in linguistics, if it is not taught well, there will be a problem when communicating.

Ethnic origin

It should be noted that a language does not disappear, however. 'A language does not disappear only because another language prevails, but because its speakers decide to stop transmitting it to their children or end up abandoning it. (Uazuay_Documentacion_Linguistica_Un_Acercamiento_Al_Publico_De_Las_Redes_Sociales, n.d.) Society is very interested in sharing their ethnic origin, as the language evolves they adapt more and more to communication.

Socioeconomic factors of the speakers

In sociolinguistics it is about studying social and linguistic changes, as in linguistics and the socioeconomic factors of the speakers. It depends on your socioeconomic level, it will depend on a person's learning. If your economic level is low, your linguistic level will be low, since you will not have the adequate resources for an education.

References

Lei, S. (n.d.). Género, Edad y Repertorios Lingüísticos. https://sextosemestreleisociolinguistica.blogspot.com/2011/11/genero-edad-y-repertorios-linguisticos.htmluazuay_documentacion_linguistica_un_acercamiento_al_publico_de_las_redes_sociales. (n.d.). https://revistas.uazuay.edu.ec/html/revistas/UVERDAD/081/ARTICULO3/index.html Nazario, A. B. (n.d.). Variación sociolingüística e interculturalidad en las lenguas amazónicas. http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2218-36202022000500640 IRIS | Página 6: Factores socioeconómicos. (n.d.). https://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/module/div-spanish/cresource/q2/p06/

Theme 2

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Got an idea?

Let the communication flow!

With Genially templates, you can include visual resources to wow your audience. You can also highlight a particular sentence or piece of information so that it sticks in your audience’s minds, or even embed external content to surprise them: Whatever you like! Do you need more reasons to create dynamic content? No problem! 90% of the information we assimilate is received through sight and, what’s more, we retain 42% more information when the content moves.

• Generate experiences with your content.
• It’s got the Wow effect. Very Wow.
• Make sure your audience remembers the message.

Got an idea?

Let the communication flow!

With Genially templates, you can include visual resources to wow your audience. You can also highlight a particular sentence or piece of information so that it sticks in your audience’s minds, or even embed external content to surprise them: Whatever you like! Do you need more reasons to create dynamic content? No problem! 90% of the information we assimilate is received through sight and, what’s more, we retain 42% more information when the content moves.

• Generate experiences with your content.
• It’s got the Wow effect. Very Wow.
• Make sure your audience remembers the message.

Got an idea?

Let the communication flow!

With Genially templates, you can include visual resources to wow your audience. You can also highlight a particular sentence or piece of information so that it sticks in your audience’s minds, or even embed external content to surprise them: Whatever you like! Do you need more reasons to create dynamic content? No problem! 90% of the information we assimilate is received through sight and, what’s more, we retain 42% more information when the content moves.

• Generate experiences with your content.
• It’s got the Wow effect. Very Wow.
• Make sure your audience remembers the message.