Decolonization - Cambodia. Rahul Patel, Aneesh Kandagatla, Sai Marasa.

The Fight for Freedom

Cambodia

It's Decolonization and Struggles

Introduction

Topic: Decolonization in Cambodia. Guatemalan Genocide. Brief Context: France colonized Cambodia in 1863 gains independence in 1953 after a 90 year long struggle to decolonize. However, not everything is well afterwards. Objective/Goals: - Show how conflict as a result of decolonization in Cambodia, post World War II, led to diminished economy, political tensions & instability, and ethnic divisions.

Economic

- After gaining independence, Cambodia's economy mainly centered around farming with only a few industries starting up. - Industries like textiles and paper mostly relied on imported materials and were often owned by foreigners or rich chinese. - Government destroyed a lot of things like buildings and crops.

Political

Norodom Sihanouk

- Prior to cambodia decolonization, Ho Chi Minh of vietnam began leading a guerrilla war against French forces. - French driven out of vietnam dividing the country into North and South Vietnam. - Norodom Sihanouk is newly elected king. - Inspired by Vietnam, Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia launches international decolonization campaigns. - Cambodian victory against French at Dien Bien Phu. - France grants independence to Cambodia at Geneva Conference.

Ho Chi Minh

*All evidence summarized into bullet points.* sources will be cited at end.

Social

- During Cambodi's fight for indpendence, the Khmer people were influenced by Therivada Buddhism. - Made people more conservative and kess focused on money - Had own traditional beliefs mixed with Buddhism and Hidnuism whcih created a unique culture. - Cambodia had an enormous shortage of teachers, facilities, and funding. illiteracy rates skyrocketed to almost 40 percent

VIDEO

Mass atrocity: Guatemalan Genocide

“- In the early 1980s the Guatemalan army defeated a Marxist-led guerrilla movement by killing tens of thousands of Mayan Indians. - In November 1960, 120 junior army officers tried to overthrow President Manuel Ydígoras (1958–1963)” , “Several of the rebel officers went on to found the country's first Marxist guerrilla organizations.” - The Khmer Rouge regime (1975-1979) and subsequent conflicts caused many educated Cambodians to flee the country.” - The government also forcibly ‘disappeared’ over 40,000 Guatemalans, including 5,000 children. Students, intellectuals, priests, leftists, and anyone who opposed the government or military

Works Cited

Chhair, Sokty, and Luyna Ung. Economic History of Industrialization in Cambodia. July 2016, www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/L2C_WP7_Chhair-and-Ung-v2-1.pdf. Holocaust Museum Houston. “Genocide in Guatemala.” Hmh.org, 2019, hmh.org/library/research/genocide-in-guatemala-guide/. Accessed 27 Mar. 2024. Hiebert, Maureen S. “Genocide, Revolution, and Starvation under the Khmer Rouge.” Genocide Studies International, vol. 11, no. 1, Dec. 2017, pp. 68–86, https://doi.org/10.3138/gsi.11.1.03. Accessed 3 Apr. 2024. Headley, Tyler. “The Lingering Effects of the Cambodian Genocide on Education.” The Diplomat, 7 Sept. 2018, thediplomat.com/2018/09/the-lingering-effects-of-the-cambodian-genocide-on-education/ nelson, roger. “Cambodian Modernism- Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism.” Www.rem.routledge.com, 5 Sept. 2016, www.rem.routledge.com/articles/cambodian-modernism. Accessed 2 Apr. 2024. World Without Genocide. “Guatemala.” Guatemala " World without Genocide - Making It Our Legacy, 2020, worldwithoutgenocide.org/genocides-and-conflicts/guatemala#:~:text=The%20government%20also%20forcibly%20’disappeared,never%20to%20be%20seen%20again. Netzley, Patricia D. "decolonization campaigns." The Greenhaven Encyclopedia of Terrorism, edited by Moataz A. Fattah, Greenhaven Press, 2007, pp. 105-110. Gale In Context: World History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3205400113/WHIC?u=j043905009&sid=bookmark-WHIC&xid=cce2457b. Accessed 25 Mar. 2024. "Cambodia." Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War, edited by Stanley I. Kutler, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1996. Gale In Context: World History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/BT2336200063/WHIC?u=j043905009&sid=bookmark-WHIC&xid=d6693283. Accessed 25 Mar. 2024. Stoll, David. "Guatemala." Encyclopedia of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, edited by Dinah L. Shelton, vol. 1, Macmillan Reference USA, 2005, pp. 419-422. Gale In Context: World History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3434600152/WHIC?u=j043905009&sid=bookmark-WHIC&xid=fbb3e498. Accessed 25 Mar. 2024.

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