Approaches to Psychology
Ranjana Ram
Created on February 5, 2024
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Approaches to Psychology
Ranjana Ram 4AClick on the "+" to Learn More
Behavioral Approach
Humanistic Approach
Biological Approach
Evolutionary Approach
Psychodynamic Approach
Cognitive Approach
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Sociocultural Approach
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Focus
Brain: CerebrumSchizophrenia: Excess of Dopamine = Changed BehaviorTreatment Options:
- Medications (ADHD Pills, Adderall, etc.)
- Hormones (Serotonin, Dopamine, etc.)
Things To Know
- It is believed that sometimes, people will perform actions without being aware of them.
- Father of Behaviorism: B.F. Skinner
Focus: Actions vs. Mental Process
Behavioral Approach Focus
Evolutionary Psychologists Belief:
- All Human Behaviors = Human Survival and Reproduction
- People "Strive to Survive" and will emit certain behaviors to do so
Things To Know
Ivan Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning: Without the food even being present, the dogs would salivate if they heard the bell.
Things To Know
John Watson’s Little Albert Experiment: Scared of a white rat that he was very fond of by pairing the rat with a loud noise.
Law of Effect: Responses that produce a satisfying effect will likely be repeated
Operant Conditioning Chamber/ Skinner Box: Trained rats and other animals to complete a voluntary task; if the task was successful, then the animals were rewarded
Focus: Impact of people's culture, religion, ethnicity, gender, income level, and overall environment on the individuals they become.
- Lev Vygotsky
Sociocultural Focus
Focus: Best Version of Yourself
- Carl Rogers
- One of the Founders
- Abraham Maslow
- Hierarchy of Needs
Humanistic Approach Focus
Carl Rogers:
- Believed that environments may not always be ideal and can prevent one from reaching their full potential
- Stage 1: Physiological Needs
- Stage 2: Security
- Stage 3: Love & Belonging
- Stage 4: Esteem
- Stage 5: Self Actualization
- Stage 6 (in some cases): Self Transcendence
Things To Know
Freud Psychoanalysis
- Free Association - “Talking Cure”
- Dream Analysis
- Manifest Content
- Latent Content
Things To Know
Jean Piaget Cognitive Development:
- Stage 1: Sensorimotor Stage (birth - 2 yrs)
- Infants understand the world through movement and sensation
- Object Permanence
- Stage 2: Pre-Operational (2-7 Years Old)
- Uses words and pictures to represent ideas
- Egocentrism
- Stage 3: Concrete Operational Stage (7 - 11 years old)
- Logical thinking starts
- Parental Manipulation
- Stage 4: Formal Operation Stage (12 - 18 years old)
- Logical thinking expands
- Problem-solving skills develop
Things To Know
Approaches To Psychology
The Approaches to Psychology were created in order to treat patients with mental disabilities in relation to their behavior. Psychologists came up with 7 Approaches:
- Behavioral
- Cognitive
- Humanistic
- Sociocultural
- Biological
- Evolutionary
- Psychodynamic
Focus: Behavior = Genetics, Nervous System, Brain, etc.Treatment Options:
- Maintaining Homeostasis
- Psychopharmacology
Biological Approach Focus
Focus: Charles Darwin's Evolutionary Theory; Survival of the Fittest
- Survival attracts certain behaviors
Evolutionary Focus
Focus: Unconscious thoughts, past actions, and memories affect our behaviorPsychoanalysis
- Free Association
- Dream Analysis
Psychodynamic Focus
Focus: Think + Perception = Behavior
- Memory, Problem-Solving, Decision-Making, and Perception
- Jean Piaget Cognitive Development
Cognitive Approach Focus
Think?
- What Social Groups Are You A Part Of?
- He felt that children were born with different beliefs and mindsets.
Things to Know