English Presentation

From the Iron Age to the Golden Age

Angelica D'Alia & kristel Cerri

Index :

-Ancient Mysteries

-The Celts

-A warrior queen

-The Roman occupation

-The King Buried in a Ship

Stonehenge

• Arrangement of massive standing stones.

• Bluestones and Sarsen stones.

• Purpose of Stonehenge remains a mystery.

Other Ancient Monuments

• Avebury Stone Ring

• Standing stones are also found in various locations in Ireland.

The celts

• The Celts lived in Britain during the Iron Age, around 600 BCE.

• Druids held significant power in Celtic society.

Celts culture

• Bog bodies: bodies preserved in wetland areas.

• Lindow Man, discovered in England in 1984.

A warrior queen

• In 55 BCE, Julius Caesar invaded Britain.

• In CE 43, Roman Emperor Claudius sent a strong army to Britain.

Boudicca's rebellion

• A rebellion in CE60 resulted in the destruction of Colchester and Londinium.

• Romans prevailed.

The roman occupation

• Londinium became the new Roman capital.

• Romans established numerous new towns.

• Romans improved services and built strategic roads like Watling Street.

• Emperor Hadrian built Hadrian's Wall to defend against the Picts.

The King Buried in a Ship

• CE 410: Romans left Britain to defend Rome against barbarians.

• Anglo-Saxons and Jutes took control of Britain.

• In the 7th century, a king was buried at Sutton Hoo with a ship filled with gold and silver objects.

Index :

-Anglo-Saxons and the Vikings

-The Normans

-The Middle Ages

-The Tudor period

The Anglo-Saxons and the Vikings

• Anglo-Saxons had a big influence, England = 'Angle-land'

• 1 country, 5 kingdoms: Northumbria, Mercia, Kent, Anglia, Wessex

• From the Anglo-Saxons:

-Essex, Sussex, Wessex -Most of basic english word -Some day of the weeks name

Alfred the Great and the Vikings

• CE 597, Augustine, sent by the Pope, told england people Christian religion

• CE 800, Vikings (Denmark, Norway) attack Britain

• Alfred the Great fought against the Vikings. He won -> Saxon kings rule the world

The Normans

• 1066, a duke from Normandy invades England

• Saxon king = Harold -> finghting in the Nord, returned -> great battle of Hastings

• Great battle of Hastings:

-Haron = killed -Normans = win -William = 1° norman king -> William the conquedor

The Normans

• CE 597, Augustine, sent by the Pope, take Christian religion in England

• CE 800, Vikings (Denmark, Norway) attack Britain

• Alfred the Great fought against the Vikings. He won -> Saxon kings rule the world

The Normans

• Build many castle

• French = language of ruler (for 300 years)

• Feudal system:

-Normans = lord, own land, animals, buildings -Saxon = serfs, workers on the land of the lord

The Middle Ages

• King and church had great power = problem:

-King Henry II argue with Thomas Becket (killed by Henry knights in 1770) -Fight for power between the kings and the rich men of England, they invaded London (1215), made King Jhon sign the Magna Carta

• The Magna Carta -> shared power between king and people

The 'Hundred Years War

• 1348 -> Black Death in England

• 1337 = war between England and France began. King Edward III of England invaded France, (for the 116 years -> war) = the 'Hundred Years War'

• Winned by France

Joan of Arc

• She fought for France, Englesh found her and burned her

• She helped France win beacause she was brave

The Tudor period

• Henry Tudor -> King Henry VII = first Tudor king

• He created the rose = symbol of peace between Lancaster and York

• His son famous for his 6 wives:

-First = Catherine of Aragon -> wanted a divorce -Second = Anne Boleyn -He wanted a son, Pope didn't allow divorce -> Two wives = beheaded

Bloody Mary

• Henry Tudor -> 2 daughters

• Mary, mother = Chaterine of Aragon

• Bloody Mary = meny protestant killed during reign

• Mary died = sister Eizabeth queen

Elizabeth I

• Elizabeth, mother = Anne Boleyn

• Protestant = started protestant Church

• Elizabeth reign = golden age of England

• 1588: spain tried to attack England = fleet of ships defeated