Theories of Learning

Learning Theories

Learning theories help educators enhance their classrooms and make better learning environments for all students.

Behaviorism

Cognitivism

Constuctivism

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References

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Major Theorist associated with this theory: B.F. Skinner began the science of behaviorism. He believed that learning involves behavior that is measurable (Main, 2023).

The role of memory according to this theory: Memory plays an important role in cognitivism. A main focus of the instructional design of cognitivism is that information is processed more efficiently when it is provided in manageable fragments.

Major characteristics of this theory: Cognitive learning theories emphasizes active learning. This theory focuses on how an individual's mind receives, saves, organizes, and retrieves information.

Major characteristics of this theory: The Theory of Constructivism states that you cannot directly impart information to students, but rather, students learn best through engaging learning experiences.

Major theorist associated with this theory: Jean Piaget is known as the father of constructivist.

Major Theorist associated with this theory: B.F. Skinner began the science of behaviorism. He believed that learning involves behavior that is measurable (Main, 2023).

The role of memory according to the theory of behaviorism: Memory plays a role in how the world around us is perceived, how we respond to situations, how we interact with others, and how we perceive ourselves, which all play a part in our behavior.

How learning occurs according to this theory:

• Teachers tailor their instruction to meet the needs of their students.
• Students are motivated to learn when they are rewarded for their achievements.

The types of learning best explained by this theory: Two types of behavioral learning are, classical and operant conditioning and they are both forms of associative learning. Lastly, is observational learning which is learning that occurs by observing others.

Major theorist associated with this theory: Psychologist Jean Piaget developed the first cognitive theory. It was his belief that humans learn from thinking.

How learning occurs according to this theory: Cognitivism relates to meaningful learning (Valamis, 2023). In this theory learning occurs by:

• Asking students questions
• Thinking aloud
• Fostering self-questioning

The types of learning best explained by this theory:

• Self-directed learning
• Interactive learning
• Mental imagery
• Chunking

This theory is essential in navigating the self-learning process with ease (Able, 2023).

How does learning occur according to this theory? Constructivism entails learning with meaning created through experience. This means that opposed to acquiring meaning we learn by constructing it.

What is the role of memory in this theory? Constructivism emphasizes on the utilization of pre-existing knowledge which is created by memories.

The types of learning best explained by this theory: Social constructivism suggest that learning is a process that involves collaboration and knowledge is gained from the interactions individuals have with their culture and society. Learning is interactive (Mcleod, 2024).

References Able, 2023. 5 examples of cognitive learning theory (and how you can use them). https://able.ac/blog/cognitive-learning-theory Main, P., 2023. Skinner's theories. Structural learning. https://www.structural-learning.com/post/skinners-theories Mcleod, S., 2024. Constructivism learning theory and philosophy of education. Simply Psychology. https:/www.simplypsychology.org/constructivism.html Valamis, 2023. Learning Theories. Cognitive Learning. www.valamis.com/hub/cognitive-learning

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