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Transcript

And the impact of climate change

Impact of Climate Change

What is being done about it?

  • Temperature Increase:
    • Increased temperatures may contribute to heatwaves, affecting agriculture, water resources, and public health.
  • Water Scarcity:
    • Climate change can exacerbate water scarcity through changes in precipitation patterns
  • Droughts and Desertification:
    • Climate change can further intensify these issues, leading to reduced agricultural productivity and threatening food security.
  • Impact on Agriculture:
    • Unpredictable weather events, such as irregular rainfall or prolonged droughts, can disrupt planting and harvesting cycles, leading to crop failures and food shortages.

  • International Agreements:
    • The Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015, is one such global initiative that sets targets for countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and limit global temperature increases.
  • Adaptation Strategies:
    • These strategies may include measures to enhance water management, improve agricultural practices, and strengthen infrastructure resilience to extreme weather events.
  • Rural Development Programs: Given the importance of agriculture in many African countries, including Chad, there are often programs focused on rural development. These programs may include initiatives to improve agricultural practices, provide access to water resources, and enhance food security in the face of climate change.

Chad, the Country

Chad, situated in north-central Africa, is a landlocked nation known for its diverse geography encompassing the Sahara Desert, Sahel region, and Lake Chad basin.It is considered the most vulnerable country on the planet according to the University of Notre Dame's country vulnerability studies due to flooding, increased military confrontation and famine affecting the whole country. N'Djamena serves as the capital, and the country has a population exceeding 16 million people, comprising various ethnic groups. French and Arabic are the official languages. Chad's economy relies on agriculture, livestock, and oil production, though it faces challenges such as poverty and food insecurity.

Where else is this happening?

How does this affect the region around it?

What effects does it have globally?

Sources

Sources

https://academicjournals.org/journal/JAERD/article-full-text-pdf/C201D1050066https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.31920/2050-4306/2020/9n2a4https://www.iberdrola.com/sustainability/top-countries-most-affected-by-climate-change

  • Arctic Region:
    • The Arctic is warming at a rate approximately twice as fast as the global average, leading to the melting of sea ice, changes in ecosystems, and disruptions to wildlife habitats.
  • Low-Lying Coastal Areas:
    • Coastal regions worldwide are vulnerable to sea-level rise, resulting in increased flooding, saltwater intrusion into freshwater sources, and threats to infrastructure.
  • Small Island Developing States (SIDS):
    • SIDS, such as those in the Pacific and Caribbean, are at risk due to sea-level rise, more intense storms, and ocean acidification, affecting both ecosystems and human communities.
  • African Sahel Region:
    • Countries in the Sahel, including Chad, are experiencing increased temperatures, droughts, and desertification, impacting agriculture, water resources, and food security.

  • The Sahel is a region in Africa that stretches across the southern edge of the Sahara Desert, encompassing parts of several countries. The Sahel region includes countries such as Chad, Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, Senegal, Sudan, and others. Below is the impact of climate in this area.
  • Prolonged Droughts:
    • Climate change is associated with an increased frequency and intensity of droughts in the Sahel. Prolonged dry periods can lead to water shortages, crop failures, and food insecurity.
  • Desertification:
    • Climate change contributes to the expansion of arid and semi-arid areas in the Sahel, leading to desertification. This process is characterized by the degradation of once-fertile land, loss of vegetation cover, and increased susceptibility to soil erosion.
  • Impact on Water Resources:
    • Changes in precipitation patterns and increased evaporation contribute to reduced water availability in rivers, lakes, and groundwater resources. This has implications for both agriculture and access to drinking water.
  • Vegetation Changes:
    • Climate change can lead to shifts in vegetation patterns, impacting the distribution of plant and animal species. Some areas may experience changes in the types of vegetation that can thrive in the altered climate conditions.

  • Transboundary Environmental Issues:
    • Chad's location in central Africa and its participation in transboundary water systems, such as Lake Chad, means that changes in the region's climate can affect neighboring countries. This interconnectedness underscores the importance of regional cooperation and management of shared resources.
  • Migration and Displacement:
    • Climate-induced changes, such as increased droughts and desertification, can contribute to internal and cross-border migration. Large-scale migration poses challenges not only for Chad but also for neighboring countries and potentially for regions further afield. It can strain resources, contribute to social tensions, and lead to global migration trends.
  • Food Security and Global Markets:
    • Chad's vulnerability to climate change impacts on agriculture, such as decreased crop yields and increased frequency of droughts, can influence global food markets.