Israel-Palestine Conflict

A brief history of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

What you see on the news now is just the most recent in a series of historical confrontations

1948

2006

1947

2023

1987

First Arab-Israeli War

The creation of Israel

Hamas take control

Israel-Hamas War

The First Intifada

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Learn more at https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/israeli-palestinian-conflict

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The United Nations pass Resolution 181, also known as the Partition Plan. This plan sought to divide British Palestine into Jewish and Arab states. While Jews celebrated the establishment of their homeland, Arabs saw Israel as a threat to their existence and identity. The two groups share a history of discrimination and religious conflict, both of which were exacerbated by the creation of Israel.

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Immediately after the UN announced Israel's establishment, five Arab nations—Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia—attacking territory in the former Palestinian mandate. They hoped to block the Partition Plan and prevent the creation of a Jewish state. However Israel, along with some British forces, managed to come out on the offensive after early fighting. The conflict led to the formal adoption of armistice borders.

In an unexpected attack, Hamas launched rockets into Israel and stormed the border. Thousands of civilians were killed or injured, and hundreds taken as hostages. Israel mounted a quick retaliatory effort, officially declaring war the day after Hamas' attack. The two sides have been trading rocket fire daily, and the Israelis have launched a ground invasion of Gaza.

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The First Intifada was a series of spontaneous Palestinian protests, civil disobedience, and attacks on Israel (Molotov cocktails, rocks, etc). Israel responded with brute miitary force that led to high fatalities. Thousands of Palestinians were killed and tens of thousands more imprisoned or tortured. The UN condemned Israel's lethal tactics.

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In a surprise victory, Hamas won the 2006 elections in the West Bank and Gaza. A Palestinian spin-off of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hamas' victory was mostly attributed to people's fatigue with the long-running, secular Fatah party. The shocking results also came on the heels of the Second Infitada, death of longtime leader Yasser Arafat, and the removal of Israel trioops from the Gaza Strip.