COP28 Timeline (Microsite)

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TIMELINE OF COPs

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2018

Katowice

2017

FIJI

2016

MARRAKECH

2015

PARIS

COP21-COP24

COP25-COP28

COP28

COP27

COP26

COP25

TIMELINE OF COPs

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2023

dubai

2022

sharm el-sheikh

2021

glasgow

2019

madrid

PART 2

Paris ageement to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions

Common but Differentiated Responsibilities Principle

Creation of the Warsaw International Mechanism (WIM)

COP21: PARIS, 2015 (PART ONE)

Establishment of loss and damage as a separate concept

Plans to formulate / implement national adaptation plans

Global goal on adaptation: challenge faced by all

Creation of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC)

MITIGATION

ADAPTATION

LOSS AND DAMAGE

COP22

Centrality of justice in the fight against climate change

Human rights as a component of climate action

Fourth Oceans Day,Because the Ocean Declaration

COP21: PARIS, 2015 (PART TWO)

Recital 13 of Paris Agreement: Protection of all ecosystems

Financial contribution towards the REDD+ framework

Conserve and restore ecosystems (carbon sinks)

Common but differentiated responsibilities principle

JUST TRANSITION

BIODIVERSITY & FORESTS

OCEANS

COP21

PART 2

Negotiations around developing Paris 'rulebook'

Five-year work plan for the WIM's executive committee

COP22: MARRAKECH, 2016 (PART ONE)

First review of the WIM

Countries expressed their views on the fund by Mar 2017

Discussions about utilising the Adaptation Fund

Facilitative dialogue among parties

MITIGATION

ADAPTATION

LOSS AND DAMAGE

Second Because the Ocean Declaration: 33 signatories

PART 1

COP23

Marrakech Action Proclamation

Oceans Action Day: Discussions, Projects

COP22: MARRAKECH, 2016 (PART TWO)

Roadmap to Ocean and Climate Action

Forest Action Day: Conserve, Mitigate, Finance

First Climate Justice Day

JUST TRANSITION

BIODIVERSITY & FORESTS

OCEANS

COP22

PART 2

Summary of parties' views on the accounting of NDCs

Suva expert dialogue and its limitations

COP23: FIJI, 2017 (PART ONE)

Discussions on making loss and damage as a standing agenda item: failures

More than $90m in new pledges to the Adaptation Fund

Decision on Adaptation Fund and Paris Agreement

Continued negotiations on the Paris 'rulebook'

MITIGATION

ADAPTATION

LOSS AND DAMAGE

First Progress Report on Oceans and Climate (ROCA)

PART 1

COP24

Local Communities and Indigenous Peoples’ Platform and the Gender Action Plan

Oceans Action Day: 'blue carbon', warming

COP23: FIJI, 2017 (PART TWO)

Ocean Pathway Initiative; Inclusion of ocean in NDCs

Forests Day:Local and indigenous peoples

Elevated vulnerability of Small Island Developing States (SIDS)

JUST TRANSITION

BIODIVERSITY & FORESTS

OCEANS

Talanoa dialogue and preparation of NDCs

COP23

PART 2

'Voluntary cancellation' of carbon offsets

COP24: KATOWICE, 2018 (PART ONE)

Recognition of loss and damage in Global Stocktake

Decision on Adaptation Fund and Paris Agreement

Concluded negotiations on the Paris 'rulebook'

MITIGATION

ADAPTATION

LOSS AND DAMAGE

Ocean Pathway Partnership: Stakeholder Discussion

PART 1

COP25

Katowice Committee of Experts on the Impacts of the Implementation of Response Measures (KCI)

COP24: KATOWICE, 2018 (PART TWO)

IPCC Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5C

Katowice Ministerial Declaration on Forests for the Climate

Unsuccessful attempt to operationalise climate justice

JUST TRANSITION

BIODIVERSITY & FORESTS

OCEANS

COP24

PART 2

Summary of parties' views on the accounting of NDCs

Suva expert dialogue and its limitations

COP25: MADRID, 2019 (PART ONE)

Discussions on making loss and damage as a standing agenda item: failures

More than $90m in new pledges to the Adaptation Fund

Decision on Adaptation Fund and Paris Agreement

Continued negotiations on the Paris 'rulebook'

MITIGATION

ADAPTATION

LOSS AND DAMAGE

Launch of Platform for Science-Based Ocean Solutions

PART 1

COP26

Establishment of a work plan for the KCI

Call to hold an Ocean and Climate Change Dialogue

COP25: MADRID, 2019 (PART TWO)

COP25 as the 'Blue COP' with its incorporation of the ocean

Numerous discussions on nature-based solutions (NbS)

Interconnectedness of climate and biodiversity crises

Renew of Gender Action Plan for another five years

JUST TRANSITION

BIODIVERSITY & FORESTS

OCEANS

Glasgow Climate Pact

Developed the Global Goal on Adaptation and programmes

COP25

PART 2

Paris rulebook was finalised, including NDC timeline...

COP26: GLASGOW, 2021 (PART ONE)

Settling for Glasgow Dialogue on funding for loss & damage

$356m in new pledges to the Adaptation Fund

Developed nations: double funding by 2025 ($40b)

153 countries put forward new 2030 emission targets

MITIGATION

ADAPTATION

LOSS AND DAMAGE

Release of the final report of the ROCA initiative

Recognition of the need to preserve marine ecosystems

Common but differentiated responsibilities principle

PART 1

COP27

Significant focus upon climate finance

COP26: GLASGOW, 2021 (PART TWO)

Ocean for the Climate Declaration

Extensive discussion of nature-based solutions

Glasgow Leaders’ Declaration on Forests and Land Use

JUST TRANSITION

BIODIVErSITY & FORESTS

OCEANS

COP26

PART 2

First ministerial roundtable on pre-2030 mitigation

Established institutions of the Santiago Network

COP27: SHARM EL-SHEIKH, 2022 (PART ONE)

Established the loss and damage fund

Fraught negotiations for the adaptation goal

Concern over unfulfiled pledges to the Adaptation Fund

Finalised Mitigation Work Program (MWP)

MITIGATION

ADAPTATION

LOSS AND DAMAGE

Conservation and restoration of marine ecosystems

PART 1

First Ocean Pavilion within the Blue Zone

COP27: SHARM EL-SHEIKH, 2022 (PART TWO)

New facilitation mechanism for the annual Ocean and Climate Change Dialogue

Call for both an end and reversal of deforestation

Need to address climate change & biodiversity loss in concert

Establishment of a loss and damage fund

JUST TRANSITION

BIODIVERSITY & FORESTS

OCEANS