Unit 3: Science 7 Review

Winter Escape

Unit 3 Test REview: Changing Earth

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What is the rock cycle?

one of the major types of rock that is created from previously existing rock by the action of intense heat and pressure

the process during which rocks are formed, change, wear down, and are formed again over long periods of time

a type of rock that forms when melted rock cools and hardens

Question 1/4

What is sedimentary rock?

a type of rock that forms when melted rock cools and hardens

one of the major types of rock that is created from previously existing rock by the action of intense heat and pressure

a type of rock formed by gravity pressing fragments of other rocks and minerals together as they settle on land or under the ocean over a long period of time

Question 2/4

What is metamorphic rock?

one of the major types of rock that is created from previously existing rock by the action of intense heat and pressure

a type of rock that forms when melted rock cools and hardens

the process during which rocks are formed, change, wear down, and are formed again over long periods of time

Question 3/4

What is igneous rock?

a small rock that is formed

a type of rock that forms when melted rock cools and hardens

the process during which rocks are formed, change, wear down, and are formed again over long periods of time

Question 4/4

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Question 1/7

weathering and erosion; compacting and cementing; heat and pressure

weathering and erosion; compacting and cementing; cooling

melting; weathering and erosion; compacting and cementing

cooling; weathering and erosion; compacting and cementing

Which of the following describes the correct processes in the correct order to transform magma into granite, granite into sand, and sand into sandstone?

Question 2/7

Sediment can only form by weathering, erosion, and deposition.

Magma can only form by compaction and cementation.

Metamorphic rock can only form by crystallization.

Igneous rock can only form by heat and pressure.

Which statement correctly describes the rock cycle?

Question 3/7

erosion

mechanical weathering

chemical weathering

sedimentation

The breaking of rock into pieces by physical means is called:

Question 4/7

the kinds of plants that live in the area

the rate of movement of tectonic plates

the climate, the rock type of the area, and the surface area of exposed rock

the age of the rock in the area

The rate of weathering in a region is determined mostly by:

What is the chief agent of erosion on the Earth's surface?

earthquakes

running water

volcanoes

Question 5/7

Landslides, mudslides, and rock falls are examples of erosion by:

running water

glaciers

gravity

Question 6/7

How do earthworms help to enrich soil?

They break large rocks up into smaller rocks

They deposit digested waste that serves as nutrients for plants and help to increase the amount of air in water in the soil.

They eat soil insects that might harm plants.

Question 7/7

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a type of mechanical weathering caused by the scraping and scratching of rocks by loose particles that are transported over the rocks by wind, water, and glaciers

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a type of mechanical weathering in which water gets into cracks or joints in a rock, then freezes and expands, pushing the rock apart

Something about ice.

a mechanical weathering process in which thin layers of rock on the outer surfaces of outcrops or other rock features break off, often creating dome-shaped patterns

What is ice wedging?

a type of mechanical weathering in which water gets into cracks or joints in a rock, then freezes and expands, pushing the rock apart

Question 2/10

a mechanical weathering process in which thin layers of rock on the outer surfaces of outcrops or other rock features break off, often creating dome-shaped patterns

Let me check my notes.

a type of mechanical weathering caused by the scraping and scratching of rocks by loose particles that are transported over the rocks by wind, water, and glaciers

What is abrasion?

a type of mechanical weathering caused by the scraping and scratching of rocks by loose particles that are transported over the rocks by wind, water, and glaciers

Question 3/10

Let me look!

a mechanical weathering process in which thin layers of rock on the outer surfaces of outcrops or other rock features break off, often creating dome-shaped patterns

a type of mechanical weathering in which water gets into cracks or joints in a rock, then freezes and expands, pushing the rock apart

What is exfoliation?

precipitation that results from water in the atmosphere combining with compounds in the atmosphere released during the burning of fossil fuels to form an acid

Question 4/10

changes to rocks and minerals on Earth’s surface that are caused by chemical reactions

Let me check my notes.

a process that changes substances into new substances as a result of a chemical reaction

What is chemical weathering?

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Question 5/10

What is bedrock?

the layer of solid rock located beneath the soil on Earth

a layer in soil with characteristics distinct from other soil layers, such as color, composition, texture, and/or structure

dark-colored organic matter in soil that forms from decayed plants and animals

Question 6/10

What is soil horizon?

soil composed of each type of soil particle: silt, sand, and clay

dark-colored organic matter in soil that forms from decayed plants and animals

a layer in soil with characteristics distinct from other soil layers, such as color, composition, texture, and/or structure

Question 7/10

What is humus?

dark-colored organic matter in soil that forms from decayed plants and animals

dark-colored organic matter in soil that forms from decayed plants and animals

soil composed of each type of soil particle: silt, sand, and clay

Question 8/10

What is loam?

a layer in soil with characteristics distinct from other soil layers, such as color, composition, texture, and/or structure

dark-colored organic matter in soil that forms from decayed plants and animals

soil composed of each type of soil particle: silt, sand, and clay

Question 9/10

What is soil?

soil composed of each type of soil particle: silt, sand, and clay

the outer layer of Earth's crust in which plants can grow; made of bits of dead plant and animal material as well as bits of rocks, minerals, oxygen, and water

dark-colored organic matter in soil that forms from decayed plants and animals

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Question 1/11

changes to rocks and minerals on Earth’s surface that are caused by chemical reactions

a process that changes substances into new substances as a result of a chemical reaction

Some type of rain.

precipitation that results from water in the atmosphere combining with compounds in the atmosphere released during the burning of fossil fuels to form an acid

What is acid rain?

Question 2/11

precipitation that results from water in the atmosphere combining with compounds in the atmosphere released during the burning of fossil fuels to form an acid

a process that changes substances into new substances as a result of a chemical reaction

changes to rocks and minerals on Earth’s surface that are caused by chemical reactions

Something that changes.

What is chemical change?

Question 3/11

Weak acids break down minerals by reacting with them.

Water freezes in cracks in a rock, breaking the rock apart.

Plant roots grow and split rock into pieces.

An animal kicks a rock down a hill where it hits another rock and shatters.

Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?

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What is deposition?

a large sheet of ice or snow that moves slowly over Earth's surface

movement of soil or rock, usually by gravity, such as down a slope

the process by which a sediment or other material falls upon a surface or is naturally placed in a new location

Question 5/11

What is mass wasting?

a fan-shaped mass of mud and other sediment that forms where a river enters a large body of water

movement of soil or rock, usually by gravity, such as down a slope

a large sheet of ice or snow that moves slowly over Earth's surface

Question 6/11

What is a glacier?

a large sheet of ice or snow that moves slowly over Earth's surface

movement of soil or rock, usually by gravity, such as down a slope

surface feature resulting from collapse of a cave that occurs as material is removed from the cave

Question 7/11

Question 8/11

a large sheet of ice or snow that moves slowly over Earth's surface

the process by which wind, water, ice, gravity, or other natural forces move sediment over Earth's surface

surface feature resulting from collapse of a cave that occurs as material is removed from the cave

a fan-shaped mass of mud and other sediment that forms where a river enters a large body of water

What is a delta?

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Question 10/11

movement of soil or rock, usually by gravity, such as down a slope

a large sheet of ice or snow that moves slowly over Earth's surface

surface feature resulting from collapse of a cave that occurs as material is removed from the cave

a fan-shaped mass of mud and other sediment that forms where a river enters a large body of water

What is a sinkhole?

What is erosion?

surface feature resulting from collapse of a cave that occurs as material is removed from the cave

the process by which wind, water, ice, gravity, or other natural forces move sediment over Earth's surface

a large sheet of ice or snow that moves slowly over Earth's surface

Question 11/11

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