English phonetics review

ENGLISH PHONETICS

consonant sounds along with their manner, place of articulation, articulators involved, voicing, and examples of words: Consonant Sound: /b/ Manner: Plosive Place of Articulation: Bilabial Articulators: Lips Voiced or Voiceless: Voiced Examples: "bat," "big"Image: Articulation of /b/

Consonant Sound: /b/

Google. (s.f.). [https://www.google.com/search?q=imagen+of+articulation+of+b+in+english&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwilw_vhjeSCAxWgWqQEHUYTASsQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=imagen+of+articulation+of+b+in+english&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQA1CeBliqCWDnDGgAcAB4AIABd4gB-QGSAQMyLjGYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&ei=toFkZaWQDqC1kdUPxqaE2AI&bih=740&biw=1536&rlz=1CACNAW_enES993#imgrc=SDFsPe8QzYgHlM

Manner: Plosive Place of Articulation: Bilabial Articulators: Lips Voiced or Voiceless: Voiceless Examples: "pat," "spin" Image: Articulation of /p/ sound

Consonant Sound: /p/

Manner: PlosivePlace of Articulation: AlveolarArticulators: TongueVoiced or Voiceless: VoicedExamples: "dog," "mad"Image: Articulation of /d/

Consonant Sound: /d/

SGoogle. (s.f.). [https://www.google.com/search?q=imagen+of+articulation+of+b+in+english&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwilw_vhjeSCAxWgWqQEHUYTASsQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=imagen+of+articulation+of+b+in+english&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQA1CeBliqCWDnDGgAcAB4AIABd4gB-QGSAQMyLjGYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&ei=toFkZaWQDqC1kdUPxqaE2AI&bih=740&biw=1536&rlz=1CACNAW_enES993#imgrc=SDFsPe8QzYgHlM

Manner: FricativePlace of Articulation: AlveolarArticulators: TongueVoiced or Voiceless: VoicelessExamples: "sit," "pass"Image: Articulation of /s/

soundConsonant Sound: /s/

Manner: PlosivePlace of Articulation: AlveolarArticulators: TongueVoiced or Voiceless: VoicelessExamples: "top," "cat"Image: Articulation of /t/

soundConsonant Sound: /t/

Diphthong: /aɪ/Movement: The tongue starts low and front with the sound /a/ and then moves up quickly at the end to the sound /ɪ/.Example Words: "fly," "time"

Diphthong: /aʊ//aʊ/: This diphthong starts with an open vowel sound /a/ and transitions to a close vowel sound /ʊ/. The tongue moves from a lower and more central position to a higher and more back position.

content words content words are words that possess semantic content and contribute to the meaning of the sentence in which they occur. They contrast with function words, which have very little substantive meaning and primarily denote grammatical relationships between content words, such as prepositions, pronouns, and conjunctionsContent words are usually nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. They carry lexical meaning and contribute to the overall message of the sentence.Two examples of content words are:Noun: "dog"Verb: "run"

Funtion words Function words are words that have little lexical meaning or ambiguous meaning and primarily express grammatical relationships among other words within a sentence, or specify the attitude or mood of the speaker. They signal the structural relationships that words have to one another and are essential for the coherence of sentencesFunction words include pronouns, determiners, conjunctions, prepositions, auxiliary verbs, modals, qualifiers, and question wordsTwo examples of function words are:Pronoun: "he"Preposition: "in"

Falling intonation Falling intonation refers to a pattern in speech where the voice falls in pitch at the end of a sentence or phrase, typically indicating finality, certainty, or completion. It is commonly used in normal, neutral statements and information questions in EnglishFalling intonation is essential for clear communication and is characterized by a rise and then a fall on the most important content word of the sentenceTwo sentences demonstrating falling intonation are:"I'm from Boston.""Today is a sunny day."

Raising intonation Raising intonation refers to a pattern in speech where the voice rises in pitch at the end of a sentence or phrase, typically indicating uncertainty, incompleteness, or a question. It is commonly used in yes-no questions and to express uncertainty or seek confirmation in EnglishTwo sentences demonstrating raising intonation are:"You're coming to the party?""We're meeting at 3 o'clock?"

Phonetics and phonology are two fundamental subfields of linguistics that are concerned with the study of speech sounds and their organization within languages. While both fields are closely related, they differ in their focus and scope. This reflection aims to establish a comparative relation between phonetics and phonology, highlighting their differences and similarities, and emphasizing the importance of understanding the segmental and suprasegmental features of English.Phonetics is primarily concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds, including their physiological production, acoustic properties, and auditory perception. It is the study and classification of speech sounds, focusing on how sounds are produced, transmitted, and receivedPhonetics can be further classified into articulatory phonetics, acoustic phonetics, and auditory phonetics, each dealing with the production, transmission, and perception of speech sounds, respectivelyOn the other hand, phonology is the study of the sound systems of languages, including the organization of sounds into patterns and the abstract mental representations of these patterns. It is concerned with the systematic organization of speech sounds in particular languages, the inventory of sounds, their features, and the rules governing their combination and alternationPhonology also investigates the historical and theoretical aspects of sound changes in languages and the pragmatic rules that specify how sounds interact with each otherThe main difference between phonetics and phonology lies in their focus: phonetics deals with the physical properties of speech sounds, while phonology is concerned with the abstract mental representations and systematic organization of speech sounds within languages. Phonetics is more concerned with the production and perception of speech sounds, while phonology is focused on the organization and patterning of these sounds within linguistic systems.Despite their differences, phonetics and phonology share a common goal of understanding and analyzing speech sounds. Both fields are essential for comprehending the segmental and suprasegmental features of English. Segmental features refer to individual speech sounds, including vowels, consonants, and their articulatory and acoustic properties, which are crucial for intelligibility and meaning in language. Suprasegmental features, on the other hand, encompass aspects such as intonation, stress, and rhythm, which contribute to the prosodic structure of speech and convey additional meaning and pragmatic informationUnderstanding the segmental and suprasegmental features of English is vital for effective communication and language learning. Segmental features influence the phonetic and phonological aspects of speech, while suprasegmental features contribute to the prosody and pragmatic functions of language. Mastery of these features enables learners to produce and perceive speech accurately, convey intended meanings, and comprehend the nuances of spoken language.In conclusion, while phonetics and phonology differ in their focus and scope, they are both essential for understanding the production, organization, and interpretation of speech sounds within languages. The study of segmental and suprasegmental features in English is crucial for effective communication and language learning, as it provides insights into the phonetic and phonological aspects of speech and the prosodic structure of language.References:Difference Between Phonetics and Phonology - Pediaa.ComPhonetics vs. Phonology - http://www.phon.ox.ac.uk/jcoleman/PHONOLOGY1.htm

Phonetics and phonology Reflection

I consider that teaching of phonetics and phonology in the early stages of the learning process play a crucial role due to is important in language acquisition, pronunciation, and literacy development. Understanding the segmental and suprasegmental features of English, which are encompassed by phonetics and phonology, is essential for effective communication and language learning.For another, the early introduction of phonetics and phonology in the learning process is crucial for developing phonological awareness, achieving native-like pronunciation, and comprehending the segmental and suprasegmental features of English. By providing students with a solid foundation in phonetics and phonology, educators can support language learners in acquiring essential skills for effective communication, literacy development, and language proficiency.

Do you think is it important to teach phonetics and phonology in the early stages of the learning process?

Understanding the segmental and suprasegmental features of English is crucial for various aspects of language processing and communication. These features play a significant role in speech perception, word recognition, and language learning. The segmental features, which include vowels and consonants, are central to conveying the meanings of words, while suprasegmental features, such as intonation, stress, and tone, provide additional information that influences the interpretation and meaning of spoken language.Research has shown that both segmental and suprasegmental information contribute to spoken word recognitionFor example, in logographic Chinese characters, neither segmental nor tonal information is explicitly represented, whereas in Pinyin, an alphabetic transcription of the character, both are explicitly represented. This demonstrates the importance of understanding both segmental and suprasegmental features in reading and interpreting languages with different writing systems

The importance of knowing about the segmental and suprasegmental features of English.

Coleman, J. (n.d.). Phonetics vs. Phonology. University of Oxford. http://www.phon.ox.ac.uk/jcoleman/PHONOLOGY1.htmKostoulas, A. (2013). The Importance of Phonetics and Phonology in the Teaching of Pronunciation. Teach News. https://teachnews.gr/glwssologia-didaktikh/item/542-the-importance-of-phonetics-and-phonology-in-the-teaching-of-pronunciationAnonymous. (n.d.). Phonetics, phonology, prosody (speech). Grafiati. https://www.grafiati.com/pt/literature-selections/phonetics-phonology-prosody-speech/journal/Reddit. (2013). What's the difference between Phonetics and Phonology? r/asklinguistics. https://www.reddit.com/r/asklinguistics/comments/15gsms2/whats_the_difference_between_phonetics_and/Mimic Method. (2023). Manner of Articulation | FREE Pronunciation E-Course. https://www.mimicmethod.com/ft101/manner-of-articulation/Ladefoged, P. (2006). A Course in Phonetics (6th ed.). Thomson Wadsworth.Roach, P. (2009). English Phonetics and Phonology: A Practical Course (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press.Gussenhoven, C., & Jacobs, H. (2017). Understanding Phonology (4th ed.). Routledge.Ladefoged, P., & Johnson, K. (2011). A Course in Phonetics (7th ed.). Cengage Learning.Yavas, M. (2011). Applied English Phonology. Wiley-Blackwell.

References list

English phonetics review

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