History of England TIMELINE

History of Great Britain

prof. De Bortoli

1000 B.C.

Celts

410 A.D.

1066

45 A.D.

793 A.D.

Romans

Germanic Tribes

Vikings

Normans

Viking came from Sweden and Norway, they conquered most of the land. king Alfred the Great (a Germanic king) fought against them and won. Territories under Vikings' control took the name 'Danelaw'. Alfred's son, Edward the Elder, reconquered the Danelaw and by the year 920 the Heptarchy was again under Germanics' control.

To review the history of the English language, you can watch the following video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iSSTv8-2358

1199

1337

1157

1272

1486

History of Great Britain

prof. De Bortoli

1133

Beginning of Plantagenets Henry The II

John Lackland

Edward III.

Hundred years war

Richard I. Lionheart

Edward I

war of roses

King Henry VIITUDOR DINASTY

He won the Third crusade and when he came back, he had to defend his French possessions, but he was killed in 1199.

Younger brother of Richard, he:

• LOST ALMOST EVERY POSSESSION IN FRANCE (EXCEPT OF CALAIS)
• IMPOSED HIGH TAXES, BECAUSE HE HAD NO MONEY LEFT. A REVOLT OF CLERGY AND BARONS BROKE OUT
• 1215= MAGNA CHARTA, WHICH LIMITS THE KING'S ABSOLUTE POWER. (find out more on the book and on files on Teams).

https://kids.britannica.com/scholars/assembly/view/209793 View the animation on the history behind the baronial revolt and the formulation of the Magna Carta in 1215Watch a dramatization of the history behind the formulation of the Magna Carta, a charter that was issued in order to curtail the power of King John...Britannica Kids

He recognise the new class of burghers/ merchants = NEW MIDDLE CLASS. This class could pay taxes. GREAT COUNCIL= approved the king's plan for taxes THE MODEL PARLIAMENT= with knights and merchants, then is the foundation for the future House of Commons

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• battle of Bosworth King Richard the III York was defeated by Henry Tudor Lancaster.
• peace because Henry the VII married Elisabeth of York

YORK VS. LANCASTER

WAR OF THE ROSES

end of the middle age. Beginn of the Tudor Dinasty.

1455-1485a dispute between two rival noble families. Red rose= House of Lancasterwhite rose= House of York

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1337- 1453

HUNDRED YEARS WAR

Between france and England, ended with the loss of all english possessions in France.

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Normans used French language, they also brought feudalism in England.

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Germanic Tribes brought the Old English language, which is a Germanic language. Fo you remember what Beowulf is? In the video are shown five kingdom, but there were actually 7: the Heptachy.

BLACK DEATH

HARD TIMES

a desease from Asia, which killed many peasants. They were essential to work the land. Peasants were underpaid and exploited, now they had to work even harder. they wanted rights.

1381= new taxation on the population. = revolts. This revolt has been repressed. Peasants were now not enough, so Lords had to pay free labourers and to substitute arable lands with pastures.

PEASANTS' REVOLT

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Constitution of Clarendon 1164

Henry II wanted to regulate the relationships between Church and State. The power of the Pope (represented by the Archibishop of Canterbury) shouldn't overcome the power of the king.the Archibishop of Canterbury -- Thomas Becket -- refused to subit to te king's law, so he has been sent in exil in France, and when he came back, he has been killed by a knight. He is considered the first martyr in England. (find out more on Teams)

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Romans came and took the land of Celts. the emperor Hadrian built a wall, which represented the northermost border of the Roman empire.

About 1000 years B.C. Celts spreaded all over Europe.Their language was a sort of Gaelic, which is now spoken in some parts of Ireland and Scotland. After the Arrive of latin, their territories were limitated to Scotland and Wales.

Celts

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