Fritz Haber
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Created on February 23, 2022
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Transcript
Fritz Haber
The father of chemical warfare
Max von Laue
" Haber will go down as [...] the man who by this means won bread from air and achieved a triumph in the service of his nation and all of humanity."
14. Long-term impact
13. Post world war and his death
12. The greatest period of Haber`s life
11. Haber`s further career
10. Trapped in a Mysagynistic society
9. Clara Immerwahr
7. Changing religion
6. Working with his father
5. After University
4. Adult life
3. Education
2. Judaism
8. First job
1. Childhood
Index
Childhood
Dreams of a German Jew
- Born 9.12.1868 in Breslau
- Jewish upper middle class family
- Siegfried and Paula were cousins
- Siegfried Haber- Tradesman for color and chemicals
- Mother died after giving birth
- Father was devastated
- Fritz was given away
Childhood
Childhood
- Father remarried and had three daughters
- Stepmother was very affectionate
- Father could never fully accept him
- Fritz hated Breslau
- He was enthusiastic and funny
Judaism
- German unification 1871 Judaism changed
- Judaism wasn`t a burden
- National identity
- Germany = strong industrial society
- Some anti-jewish campaigns
- All doors seemed open
- St. Elisabeth School in Breslau
- Suffered from anxiety
- Desire to go to university
- Wanted to study chemistry
- Siegfried disapproved, prefered him to take over the family business
- Siegfrieds cousin convinced him
Education
Tried becoming an officer, passed initial test but was rejected
1894
Military service in Preslau
1891 -1894
1891
Received doctorate from Carl Liebermann
Went to university in Heidelberg and Berlin(didn`t like it)
1886 -1891
Education
Richard Abegg
Adult life
- Richard Abegg introduced him to physical chemistry
- Both applied to the leading teacher
- Only Abegg was accepted
- Felt unseen by his teachers
- Had bigger dreams than a profession
After University
- Had no concrete plans
- Father arranged appointments with his business partners
- Got an impression of modern capitalism
- Went to university again in Zurich
- Left after one semester
Working with his father
- Returned to Breslau to work with his father
- Disagreed on everything
- Fritz convinced Siegfried to buy chemicals against cholera
- Cholera breakout was smaller then expected- the chemicals were useless
- Siegfried was furious- threw him out
Changing religion
- Moved to Jena
- Got baptised by the leading church
- Wanted to become more "german"
- Turned his back on his father
- His father was deeply hurt
- Strong loyalty towards his fatherland
First Job
- 1894 Fritz Haber got a job as an assistant at the Karlsruhe University
- He was very ambitous but didn`t take criticism well
- Felt unneeded in Karlsruhe
- Knew what people said about him through Richard Abegg
- Abegg (teacher) introduced him to Clara Immerwahr
Clara Immerwahr
visited University lectures
educated by private tutors
became the first woman having gotten a doctor in chemistry in Germany
gratuated Gymnasium
both grew up in Breslau
Trapped in a misogynistic society
- marriage in August 1901
- Fritz continues his research
- provocation of a crisis
- became a professor's wife
- couldn't persue her intellectual passions
Haber's further career
- continued to work at university
- wasn't an ,,ordentlicher'' professor
- nitrogen crisis
- invented the Haber-Bosch process in 1909
- duty to the German Reich
the first gas attacks from the Germans in Ypres
suicide of Clara in May 1915
gas warfare as a symbol of union
testing of toxic chemicals mid-December
beginning of the development of gas weapons
nitrate shortage two months into war in September 1914
World War I and the use of chemical warfare
The greatest period of Haber's life
Post-world war and his death
-rising of national socialism in Germany -boyott of Jewish businesses-Haber didn't want to leave -left Berlin on August 3rd
-fear of warcrime procecution-won Nobel Prize in 1918 -fall of the Reichsmark -idea to save the economy -plans fail
-physical collapse in Switzerland -exile in England -death on January 29th 1934
1. saved millions of lifes with the extraction of ammonia2. revolutionized chemical warfare3. indirectly helped to kill millions of people
Long-term impact
Thank you!
https://www.stoccolmaaroma.it/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fritz-Haber.jpgBuch: Master Mind by Daniel Charles
https://mujeresconciencia.com/2014/06/21/clara-immerwahr-primera-doctora-en-quimica-de-breslau/
https://miro.medium.com/max/730/1*zWKWbOEvv7WisoubK0GrgQ.jpeg
https://www.chemistryviews.org/details/ezine/11119925/150th_Birthday_Richard_Abegg/
https://www.geni.com/people/Siegfried-Haber/6000000017074806480
https://www.pinterest.de/pin/304274518559893793/
Photos in chronological order:
Sources