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Tablas de frecuencias

CAMILA

Created on June 11, 2026

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Transcript

Tipos de estadística en función de su alcance

Tipos de estadística en función de su propósito

Tablas de frecuencias

Distribución de frecuencias

Recolección de datos

  • Fuentes de datos
    • Primarias: datos obtenidos directamente
    • Secundarias: datos ya existentes
  • Métodos de recolección
    • Encuestas
    • Entrevistas
    • Observación
    • Experimentos
  • Calidad de los datos
    • Validez
    • Confiabilidad
    • Estadística descriptiva
      • Organiza, resume y presenta datos
      • Usa tablas, gráficas y medidas estadísticas
    • Estadística inferencial
      • Analiza una muestra para generalizar resultados
      • Permite hacer predicciones o estimaciones sobre una población
    • Descriptiva
      • Describe y organiza la información
      • No realiza generalizaciones
    • Inferencial
      • Interpreta datos para tomar decisiones
      • Hace conclusiones sobre una población
    • Organización ordenada de los datos
    • Facilitan el análisis estadístico
    • Sirven como base para gráficas
    • Incluyen:
      • Frecuencia absoluta
      • Frecuencia relativa
      • Frecuencia acumulada
      • Frecuencia porcentual

  • Organización de datos en categorías o intervalos
  • Tipos de frecuencia:
    • Frecuencia absoluta (número de datos)
    • Frecuencia relativa (proporción)
    • Frecuencia acumulada (suma progresiva)
    • Frecuencia porcentual (%)
  • Tablas de frecuencias con información relativa

    Construcción de una distribución de frecuencia

    Frecuencia relativa

    Frecuencia acumulada

  • Suma progresiva de las frecuencias
  • Puede ser:
    • Ascendente (de menor a mayor)
  • Sirve para:
    • Saber cuántos datos van hasta cierto punto
  • Se representa como: Fi
  • Organizan datos en categorías o valores
  • Muestran cuántas veces aparece cada dato
  • Incluyen:
    • Frecuencia absoluta (fi)
    • Frecuencia relativa (hi)
  • Facilitan el análisis de datos
  • dena los datos en una tabla estructurada
  • Pasos:
    • Recolectar datos
    • Ordenarlos de menor a mayor
    • Agruparlos en clases o intervalos (si es necesario)
    • Contar frecuencias
  • Resultado: tabla clara y resumida
    • Proporción de cada dato respecto al total
    • Fórmula:
      • hi = fi / n
    • Se puede expresar en:
      • Decimal
      • Porcentaje (%)
    • Ayuda a comparar datos independientemente del tamaño de la muestra

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