Case Study
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Next
Introduction
Read the following case study carefully and answer all the question correctly.
Start
Correct
The Oculomotor nerve (CN III) controls most eye movements, lifts the eyelid, and constricts the pupil. Damage to this nerve can cause difficulty moving the eye upward and inward, ptosis, and a dilated pupil.
Correct
The flexor reflex causes the injured right leg to rapidly withdraw from the painful stimulus, while the crossed extension reflex causes the opposite left leg to extend and support the body weight to maintain balance and prevent falling.
Correct
The Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) controls the movements of the tongue. When CN XII is damaged on one side, the tongue muscles become weak on that side, causing the tongue to deviate toward the affected side when protruded. In this case, deviation to the left suggests damage to the left hypoglossal nerve.
Correct
Voltage-gated ion channels are mostly found at the Nodes of Ranvier, not along the myelinated parts of the axon. Because of this, the electrical signal only gets regenerated at these gaps and quickly moves from one node to the next, making the impulse “jump” along the nerve fiber.
Correct
The disease destroys the cells that produce myelin (oligodendrocytes) and the protective myelin covering around nerves. Without myelin, nerve signals in the brain and spinal cord cannot travel properly, leading to symptoms like double vision, numbness, tremors, and speech problems.
Correct
Dopamine is needed to help control smooth and coordinated body movements, so when it is lacking, movements become slow, stiff, and tremor develops, as seen in Parkinson’s disease.
Correct
A spinal cord injury disrupts normal communication between the brain and the body below the injury. A stimulus below the injury causes excessive blood vessel constriction, leading to a sudden rise in blood pressure. In response, the brain activates the vagus nerve to slow the heart rate, but it cannot control the overactive reflex below the injury, resulting in hypertension and bradycardia at the same time.
Correct
The Medulla oblongata controls essential life functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. When it is damaged by a stroke, these vital functions become unstable, leading to irregular breathing patterns, fluctuating blood pressure, and abnormal heart rhythms, which require close monitoring.
Correct
The Medulla oblongata controls the basic rhythm and depth of breathing. When it is stimulated or affected by increased intracranial pressure, it can trigger abnormal deep and rapid breathing patterns (hyperventilation).
Correct
Broca's area is responsible for forming and producing speech. When it is damaged, patients know what they want to say but have difficulty expressing it verbally.Broca's area is responsible for forming and producing speech. When it is damaged, patients know what they want to say but have difficulty expressing it verbally.
CONGRATULATIONS 👏
Case Study
Nabilah Azman
Created on May 29, 2026
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Transcript
Case Study
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Next
Introduction
Read the following case study carefully and answer all the question correctly.
Start
Correct
The Oculomotor nerve (CN III) controls most eye movements, lifts the eyelid, and constricts the pupil. Damage to this nerve can cause difficulty moving the eye upward and inward, ptosis, and a dilated pupil.
Correct
The flexor reflex causes the injured right leg to rapidly withdraw from the painful stimulus, while the crossed extension reflex causes the opposite left leg to extend and support the body weight to maintain balance and prevent falling.
Correct
The Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) controls the movements of the tongue. When CN XII is damaged on one side, the tongue muscles become weak on that side, causing the tongue to deviate toward the affected side when protruded. In this case, deviation to the left suggests damage to the left hypoglossal nerve.
Correct
Voltage-gated ion channels are mostly found at the Nodes of Ranvier, not along the myelinated parts of the axon. Because of this, the electrical signal only gets regenerated at these gaps and quickly moves from one node to the next, making the impulse “jump” along the nerve fiber.
Correct
The disease destroys the cells that produce myelin (oligodendrocytes) and the protective myelin covering around nerves. Without myelin, nerve signals in the brain and spinal cord cannot travel properly, leading to symptoms like double vision, numbness, tremors, and speech problems.
Correct
Dopamine is needed to help control smooth and coordinated body movements, so when it is lacking, movements become slow, stiff, and tremor develops, as seen in Parkinson’s disease.
Correct
A spinal cord injury disrupts normal communication between the brain and the body below the injury. A stimulus below the injury causes excessive blood vessel constriction, leading to a sudden rise in blood pressure. In response, the brain activates the vagus nerve to slow the heart rate, but it cannot control the overactive reflex below the injury, resulting in hypertension and bradycardia at the same time.
Correct
The Medulla oblongata controls essential life functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. When it is damaged by a stroke, these vital functions become unstable, leading to irregular breathing patterns, fluctuating blood pressure, and abnormal heart rhythms, which require close monitoring.
Correct
The Medulla oblongata controls the basic rhythm and depth of breathing. When it is stimulated or affected by increased intracranial pressure, it can trigger abnormal deep and rapid breathing patterns (hyperventilation).
Correct
Broca's area is responsible for forming and producing speech. When it is damaged, patients know what they want to say but have difficulty expressing it verbally.Broca's area is responsible for forming and producing speech. When it is damaged, patients know what they want to say but have difficulty expressing it verbally.
CONGRATULATIONS 👏