Networks in Motion
18th-century female musicians
across europe
susan m. Holman
Start
throughout: click on the feather to see sources page
Sources
Marianna Martines
Finale
Martines Network Analysis
networks in motion
Antoinette Network Analysis
Elisabeth Mara
18th-century female musicians
Marie-Antoinette
Mara Network Analysis
across europe
Swedish Network Analysis
Gustavian Sweden
Click on the 3 dots to expand to full screen
susan M. holman
networking Martines
9. Elisabeth Mara opera singer, violinist International
11. Katharina Auenbrugger pianist, singer, composer Vienna
8. Maria Antonia Walpurgis singer, pianist, composer Dresden
10. Maria Theresia Paradis pianist, composer Vienna
2. Queen Maria Carolina singer, pianist, composer Vienna
12. Josepha Auernhammer pianist, composer Vienna
Vienna
6. Genovieffa Ravissa pianist, singer, teacher Italy, France, Switzerland
1. Marianna Martines singer, pianist, composer Vienna
14. Therese Rosenbaum opera singer Vienna
7. Maria Teresa Agnesi singer, pianist, composer Milan
13. Josepha Müllner harpist Vienna
5. Isabelle de Charrière composer, writer Netherlands, Switzerland
3. Maria Rosa Coccia pianist, singer, composer Rome
sources
4. Josina van Boetzelaer composer, singer Netherlands
Back
Vienna map
ii
Their community also included Caterina Cavalieri, Nancy Storace, Mozart, Salieri, and eventually, Beethoven.
One of my significant discoveries was the geographical proximity of Martines's contemporaries, which indicates a network of potential connections.
Although previous studies have examined certain aspects of female musical networks, their potential interconnections as a systematically mapped and analyzed community have not yet been explored
5 other notable Viennese female musicians all lived in the same area.
Their shared neighborhood and fame makes it highly likely they were familiar with Martines and each other.
until now.
Click on
networks
musicians
Martines: Individual networks
iii
building
Back
Martines: building the Network
iv
Click on the video for a comprehensive view.
The next slide illustrates the incremental process of building these amalgamations after each musician.
merging
Back
Martines: The network incrementally
Marianna Martines
Josepha Auernhammer
Elisabeth Mara:
Genovieffa Ravissa
Maria Rosa Coccia
Josepha Müllner
Maria Teresa Agnesi
Maria Theresia Paradis
Josina van Boetzelaer
Therese Rosenbaum
Maria Antonia Walpurgis
Isabelle de Charrière
Katharina Auenbrugger
sources
click on graph for full screen
Back
analysis
vi
marianna martines network analysis
delineation
sources
click on large maps for analyses
click on small maps for full screen
mara
Back
sources
networking Mara
2. Minna Brandes singer, pianist, composer
12. Harriett Abrams singer, composer
3. Duchess Anna Amalia composer, patron
11. Elizabeth Billington opera singer
13. Mary Polly Young Barthélemon singer, pianist, composer
vii
* Elisabeth Mara opera singer, violinist
1. Corona Schröter composer, singer
London
Weimar
4. Maria Carolina Wolf singer, pianist, composer
Paris
10. Nancy Storace opera singer
14. Sophia Corri Dussek singer, pianist, harpist, composer
7. Luísa Todi opera singer
15. Harriet Wainewright singer, composer,
5. Juliane Reichardt singer, pianist, composer
9. Anne-Marie Krumpholtz harpist, composer
6. Regina Strinasacchi Schlick violinist, guitarist, composer
8. Franziska LeBrun singer, pianist, composer
database
index
Mara: Individual networks
viii
building
Back
Mara: building the Network
ix
Click on the video for a comprehensive view.
The next slide illustrates the incremental process of building these amalgamations after each musician.
merging
Back
Mara: The network incrementally
Fig.2.4 Schröter
Fig. 2.12 Reichardt
Fig. 2.19 Krumpholtz
Fig. 2.28 Barthelemon
Fig. 2.5 Brandes
Fig. 2.13 Strinasacchi
Fig. 2.23 Storace
Fig. 2.31 Dussek
Fig. 2.24 Billington
Fig. 2.8 Amalia
Fig. 2.16 Todi
Fig. 2.32 Wainewright
Fig. 2.27 Abrams
Fig. 2.9 Wolf
Fig. 2.17 LeBrun
sources
click on map for full screen
Back
analysis
xi
Elisabeth Mara's network
merging Martines & Mara
sources
click on large maps for analyses
click on small maps for full screen
sweden
Back
networking gustavian sweden
3. Marie Louise Marcadet opera singer actress
4. Caroline Walter Müller opera singer
1. Elisabeth Olin opera singer
5. Catharine Frydendahl opera singer
Swedish
Danish
French
2. Charlotte Eckerman opera singer, actress, courtesan
6. Marianne Ehrenström amateur singer, artist, memoirist
xii
New Discovery
11. Anna Brita Wendelius amateurr singer, artist
Kungliga Musikaliska Akademien
14. Franziska Stading opera singer
7. Marianne Crux Gillberg Petersén, professional amateur violinist, singer
Amateurs
8. Margareta Alströmer amateur singer, actor, artist
9. Christina Fredenheim amateur singer, artist
Germanic
Germanic
Polish
13 Sophia Stebnowska Karsten, harpist, opera singer
10. Sophia & Emilie Brandel amateur singers, artists
sources
12. Lovisa Augusti opera singer
Networks
index
gustavian sweden: Individual networks
xiii
building
musicians
Gustavian sweden: building the Network
xiv
Click on the video for a comprehensive view.
The next slide illustrates the incremental process of building these amalgamations after each musician.
merging
Back
Gustavian sweden: The network incrementally
xv
Fig. 3.1 Olin
Fig. 3.9 Frydendahl
Fig. 3.26 Augusti
Fig. 3.18 Alströmer
Fig. 3.3 Eckerman
Fig. 3.19 Fredenheim
Fig. 3.13 Ehrenström
Fig. 3.27 Karsten
Fig. 3.14 original Gillberg Petersén
Fig. 3.5 Marcadet
Fig. 3.22 Brandel
Fig. 3.29 Stading
Fig. 3.10 London links after Gillberg Petersén
Fig. 3.15 Crux Gillberg Petersén after tripartite discovery
Fig. 3.23 Wendelius
Fig. 3.8 Müller
sources
click on map for full screen
Back
analysis
xvi
Gustavian swedishnetwork map
Comparative Analysis and Merging Composite Maps
sources
click on large maps for analyses
click on small maps for full screen
France
Back
Networking Marie-Antoinette
7. Marie Emmanuelle Bayon Louis pianist, singer, composer, teacher
6. Anna Louise Brillon de Jouy pianist, composer
Nobles
1. Marie Antoinette patron, harpist, harpsichordist, singer
Composers
xvii
Salonnières
Versailles
2.Caroline Wuiet pianist, composer
5. Helene de Montgeroult pianist, composer, teacher
Paris
8. Angélique Diderot harpsichordist
Performers
9. Amélie Julie Candeille singer, actor, composer,
4. Jeanne-Renée de Travanet composer,
lyricist
poet
3. Marie-Elisabeth Cléry harpist, composer
sources
10. Sophie Gail singer, composer
Networks
index
Marie-Antoinette: Individual networks
xviii
building
musicians
marie-antoinette: building the Network
xix
Click on the video for a comprehensive view.
The next slide illustrates the incremental process of building these amalgamations after each musician.
merging
Back
Marie-Antoinette: The network incrementally
xx
Fig. 4.1.1 Marie-Antoinette
Fig. 4.6.1 Brillon du Juoy
Fig. 4.4.1 Travanet
Fig. 4.9.1 MA network
Fig. 4.2.1 Wuiet
Fig. 4.7.1 Bayon Louis
Fig. 4.3.1 Cléry
Fig. 4.8.1 Diderot, Candeille, and Gail
Fig. 4.5.1 Mongeroult
Fig. 4.10.1 MA network sans Paris
sources
click on map for full screen
Back
analysis
xxi
Marie Antoinette'snetwork
All 4 networks amalgamated
sources
click on large maps for analyses
click on small maps for full screen
Finale
Back
Networks in Motion
18th-century female musicians
across europe
Final analyses
Start
female Musicians: building the Network
xxiii
Click on the video for a comprehensive view.
The next slide illustrates the incremental process of building these amalgamations after each musician.
merging
Back
mara network sans male element
Martines network sans male element
xxiv
sources
click on large maps for analyses
click on small maps for full screen
Back
next
swedish network sans male element
marie-antoinette network sans male element
xxv
sources
click on large maps for analyses
click on small maps for full screen
Back
final map
The importance of gender relationship research
ultimate female musican network
xxvi
click on large maps for analyses
click on small maps for full screen
Back
sources
Click on an icon
Secondary sources
xxvii
primary sources
period books & published memoirs
historical journals and reviews
iconographic and visual
reference works and lexicons
musical manuscripts and prints
london calendar
index
xxviii
Calendar of London Concerts website link
click on the image to view the cross-referenced database
sources
appendices
sources
xxix
interactivity instructions
appendix IV: Musicians by chapter
appendix I: Musicians by locale
appendix II: Musicians by locale
appendix V: nodes database
appendix III: Musicians by generation
appendix VI: cross-referencing
comments
comments
home
thank you
© Susan M. Holman, 2026. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders of images used in this project. If you are a rights holder and wish to request the removal or update of an image, please use the button below to contact the author.
Contact
© Susan M. Holman, 2026. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders of images used in this project. If you are a rights holder and wish to request the removal or update of an image, please use the button below to contact the author.
Contact
© Susan M. Holman, 2026. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
Data Integrity and Usage: This record contains original Gephi graphs and databases developed as part of a doctoral dissertation. These materials are licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 to ensure the preservation of the research findings and original data structures.
How to Use: While this content is available for public viewing and referencing, users are prohibited from commercial use or the distribution of modified versions (derivatives) of these files without explicit written consent from the author.
Copyright Note: Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders of any third-party archival materials referenced within these databases. If you are a rights holder and wish to request the removal or update of specific content, please contact the author via the details provided in this record.
Contact
© Susan M. Holman, 2026. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders of images used in this project. If you are a rights holder and wish to request the removal or update of an image, please use the button below to contact the author.
Contact
Networks In Motion
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Transcript
Networks in Motion
18th-century female musicians
across europe
susan m. Holman
Start
throughout: click on the feather to see sources page
Sources
Marianna Martines
Finale
Martines Network Analysis
networks in motion
Antoinette Network Analysis
Elisabeth Mara
18th-century female musicians
Marie-Antoinette
Mara Network Analysis
across europe
Swedish Network Analysis
Gustavian Sweden
Click on the 3 dots to expand to full screen
susan M. holman
networking Martines
9. Elisabeth Mara opera singer, violinist International
11. Katharina Auenbrugger pianist, singer, composer Vienna
8. Maria Antonia Walpurgis singer, pianist, composer Dresden
10. Maria Theresia Paradis pianist, composer Vienna
2. Queen Maria Carolina singer, pianist, composer Vienna
12. Josepha Auernhammer pianist, composer Vienna
Vienna
6. Genovieffa Ravissa pianist, singer, teacher Italy, France, Switzerland
1. Marianna Martines singer, pianist, composer Vienna
14. Therese Rosenbaum opera singer Vienna
7. Maria Teresa Agnesi singer, pianist, composer Milan
13. Josepha Müllner harpist Vienna
5. Isabelle de Charrière composer, writer Netherlands, Switzerland
3. Maria Rosa Coccia pianist, singer, composer Rome
sources
4. Josina van Boetzelaer composer, singer Netherlands
Back
Vienna map
ii
Their community also included Caterina Cavalieri, Nancy Storace, Mozart, Salieri, and eventually, Beethoven.
One of my significant discoveries was the geographical proximity of Martines's contemporaries, which indicates a network of potential connections.
Although previous studies have examined certain aspects of female musical networks, their potential interconnections as a systematically mapped and analyzed community have not yet been explored
5 other notable Viennese female musicians all lived in the same area.
Their shared neighborhood and fame makes it highly likely they were familiar with Martines and each other.
until now.
Click on
networks
musicians
Martines: Individual networks
iii
building
Back
Martines: building the Network
iv
Click on the video for a comprehensive view.
The next slide illustrates the incremental process of building these amalgamations after each musician.
merging
Back
Martines: The network incrementally
Marianna Martines
Josepha Auernhammer
Elisabeth Mara:
Genovieffa Ravissa
Maria Rosa Coccia
Josepha Müllner
Maria Teresa Agnesi
Maria Theresia Paradis
Josina van Boetzelaer
Therese Rosenbaum
Maria Antonia Walpurgis
Isabelle de Charrière
Katharina Auenbrugger
sources
click on graph for full screen
Back
analysis
vi
marianna martines network analysis
delineation
sources
click on large maps for analyses
click on small maps for full screen
mara
Back
sources
networking Mara
2. Minna Brandes singer, pianist, composer
12. Harriett Abrams singer, composer
3. Duchess Anna Amalia composer, patron
11. Elizabeth Billington opera singer
13. Mary Polly Young Barthélemon singer, pianist, composer
vii
* Elisabeth Mara opera singer, violinist
1. Corona Schröter composer, singer
London
Weimar
4. Maria Carolina Wolf singer, pianist, composer
Paris
10. Nancy Storace opera singer
14. Sophia Corri Dussek singer, pianist, harpist, composer
7. Luísa Todi opera singer
15. Harriet Wainewright singer, composer,
5. Juliane Reichardt singer, pianist, composer
9. Anne-Marie Krumpholtz harpist, composer
6. Regina Strinasacchi Schlick violinist, guitarist, composer
8. Franziska LeBrun singer, pianist, composer
database
index
Mara: Individual networks
viii
building
Back
Mara: building the Network
ix
Click on the video for a comprehensive view.
The next slide illustrates the incremental process of building these amalgamations after each musician.
merging
Back
Mara: The network incrementally
Fig.2.4 Schröter
Fig. 2.12 Reichardt
Fig. 2.19 Krumpholtz
Fig. 2.28 Barthelemon
Fig. 2.5 Brandes
Fig. 2.13 Strinasacchi
Fig. 2.23 Storace
Fig. 2.31 Dussek
Fig. 2.24 Billington
Fig. 2.8 Amalia
Fig. 2.16 Todi
Fig. 2.32 Wainewright
Fig. 2.27 Abrams
Fig. 2.9 Wolf
Fig. 2.17 LeBrun
sources
click on map for full screen
Back
analysis
xi
Elisabeth Mara's network
merging Martines & Mara
sources
click on large maps for analyses
click on small maps for full screen
sweden
Back
networking gustavian sweden
3. Marie Louise Marcadet opera singer actress
4. Caroline Walter Müller opera singer
1. Elisabeth Olin opera singer
5. Catharine Frydendahl opera singer
Swedish
Danish
French
2. Charlotte Eckerman opera singer, actress, courtesan
6. Marianne Ehrenström amateur singer, artist, memoirist
xii
New Discovery
11. Anna Brita Wendelius amateurr singer, artist
Kungliga Musikaliska Akademien
14. Franziska Stading opera singer
7. Marianne Crux Gillberg Petersén, professional amateur violinist, singer
Amateurs
8. Margareta Alströmer amateur singer, actor, artist
9. Christina Fredenheim amateur singer, artist
Germanic
Germanic
Polish
13 Sophia Stebnowska Karsten, harpist, opera singer
10. Sophia & Emilie Brandel amateur singers, artists
sources
12. Lovisa Augusti opera singer
Networks
index
gustavian sweden: Individual networks
xiii
building
musicians
Gustavian sweden: building the Network
xiv
Click on the video for a comprehensive view.
The next slide illustrates the incremental process of building these amalgamations after each musician.
merging
Back
Gustavian sweden: The network incrementally
xv
Fig. 3.1 Olin
Fig. 3.9 Frydendahl
Fig. 3.26 Augusti
Fig. 3.18 Alströmer
Fig. 3.3 Eckerman
Fig. 3.19 Fredenheim
Fig. 3.13 Ehrenström
Fig. 3.27 Karsten
Fig. 3.14 original Gillberg Petersén
Fig. 3.5 Marcadet
Fig. 3.22 Brandel
Fig. 3.29 Stading
Fig. 3.10 London links after Gillberg Petersén
Fig. 3.15 Crux Gillberg Petersén after tripartite discovery
Fig. 3.23 Wendelius
Fig. 3.8 Müller
sources
click on map for full screen
Back
analysis
xvi
Gustavian swedishnetwork map
Comparative Analysis and Merging Composite Maps
sources
click on large maps for analyses
click on small maps for full screen
France
Back
Networking Marie-Antoinette
7. Marie Emmanuelle Bayon Louis pianist, singer, composer, teacher
6. Anna Louise Brillon de Jouy pianist, composer
Nobles
1. Marie Antoinette patron, harpist, harpsichordist, singer
Composers
xvii
Salonnières
Versailles
2.Caroline Wuiet pianist, composer
5. Helene de Montgeroult pianist, composer, teacher
Paris
8. Angélique Diderot harpsichordist
Performers
9. Amélie Julie Candeille singer, actor, composer,
4. Jeanne-Renée de Travanet composer,
lyricist
poet
3. Marie-Elisabeth Cléry harpist, composer
sources
10. Sophie Gail singer, composer
Networks
index
Marie-Antoinette: Individual networks
xviii
building
musicians
marie-antoinette: building the Network
xix
Click on the video for a comprehensive view.
The next slide illustrates the incremental process of building these amalgamations after each musician.
merging
Back
Marie-Antoinette: The network incrementally
xx
Fig. 4.1.1 Marie-Antoinette
Fig. 4.6.1 Brillon du Juoy
Fig. 4.4.1 Travanet
Fig. 4.9.1 MA network
Fig. 4.2.1 Wuiet
Fig. 4.7.1 Bayon Louis
Fig. 4.3.1 Cléry
Fig. 4.8.1 Diderot, Candeille, and Gail
Fig. 4.5.1 Mongeroult
Fig. 4.10.1 MA network sans Paris
sources
click on map for full screen
Back
analysis
xxi
Marie Antoinette'snetwork
All 4 networks amalgamated
sources
click on large maps for analyses
click on small maps for full screen
Finale
Back
Networks in Motion
18th-century female musicians
across europe
Final analyses
Start
female Musicians: building the Network
xxiii
Click on the video for a comprehensive view.
The next slide illustrates the incremental process of building these amalgamations after each musician.
merging
Back
mara network sans male element
Martines network sans male element
xxiv
sources
click on large maps for analyses
click on small maps for full screen
Back
next
swedish network sans male element
marie-antoinette network sans male element
xxv
sources
click on large maps for analyses
click on small maps for full screen
Back
final map
The importance of gender relationship research
ultimate female musican network
xxvi
click on large maps for analyses
click on small maps for full screen
Back
sources
Click on an icon
Secondary sources
xxvii
primary sources
period books & published memoirs
historical journals and reviews
iconographic and visual
reference works and lexicons
musical manuscripts and prints
london calendar
index
xxviii
Calendar of London Concerts website link
click on the image to view the cross-referenced database
sources
appendices
sources
xxix
interactivity instructions
appendix IV: Musicians by chapter
appendix I: Musicians by locale
appendix II: Musicians by locale
appendix V: nodes database
appendix III: Musicians by generation
appendix VI: cross-referencing
comments
comments
home
thank you
© Susan M. Holman, 2026. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders of images used in this project. If you are a rights holder and wish to request the removal or update of an image, please use the button below to contact the author.
Contact
© Susan M. Holman, 2026. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders of images used in this project. If you are a rights holder and wish to request the removal or update of an image, please use the button below to contact the author.
Contact
© Susan M. Holman, 2026. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
Data Integrity and Usage: This record contains original Gephi graphs and databases developed as part of a doctoral dissertation. These materials are licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 to ensure the preservation of the research findings and original data structures. How to Use: While this content is available for public viewing and referencing, users are prohibited from commercial use or the distribution of modified versions (derivatives) of these files without explicit written consent from the author. Copyright Note: Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders of any third-party archival materials referenced within these databases. If you are a rights holder and wish to request the removal or update of specific content, please contact the author via the details provided in this record.
Contact
© Susan M. Holman, 2026. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders of images used in this project. If you are a rights holder and wish to request the removal or update of an image, please use the button below to contact the author.
Contact