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Kelli Clifton

Created on April 21, 2026

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Transcript

RTI: Author's Craft: How Structure Shapes Meaning

5 Text Structures

Apply Your Knowledge

Wrap Up!

Standards and Objectives

Let's Practice

Click Here for Blooket Practice

Standards and Objectives

6.RC.3 Analyze how a particular sentence, chapter, scene, or stanza fits into the overall structure of a text
  • I can identify different text structures in a passage
  • I can explain how a part of a text fits into the whole
  • I can explain how text structure helps develop the main idea

Text Structures

There are 5 text structures. Click on each word to learn more!
Cause and Effect
Compare and Contrast
Description
Sequence/ Chronological Order
Problem and Solution

Description

Describes a topic by listing features, characteristics, or examples

Signal Words:

  • For instance
  • such as
  • specifically
  • to illustrate

Next

How description Shapes Meaning

1. Builds a clear picture

The effect:

Helps you imagine and feel a certain way about the topic

2. Gives details about a topic

3. The details the author chooses matter

4. Can make something seem good or bad depending on word choice

Next

Cause and Effect

Explains why something happened (cause) and what happened as a result (effect).

Signal Words:

  • Because
  • Since
  • Therefore
  • Consequently
  • So
  • As a Result

How Cause and effect Shapes Meaning

The effect:

1. Shows what caused something and what happened because of it

Helps you see how things are connected and why they matter.

2. Connects Events together

3. Helps you to understand reasons and results

Next

Sequence or Chronological Order

Explains events in order or outlines steps in a process.

Signal Words:

  • First
  • Next
  • Then
  • Finally
  • Before
  • After

How Chronological order Shapes Meaning

The effect:

1. Tells Events in Time Order

Helps you understand how something changes or develops over time.

2. Uses words like first, Next, then, finally

3. Helps you follow what is happening step-by-step

Next

Compare and Contrast

Discusses similarities and differences between two or more items.

Signal Words:

  • Same as
  • on the other hand
  • rather
  • in contrast
  • similarly

How Compare/contrast Shapes Meaning

The effect:

1. Shows similarities and differences

Helps you understand differences and make comparisons

2. Helps you look at two or more things closely

3. Helps you decide which is better or more important

Next

Problem and Solution

Sets up a problem and presents one or more solutions

Signal Words:

  • problem
  • solution
  • to fix
  • dilemma
  • puzzle

How Problem and Solution Shapes Meaning

The effect:

1. Tells about a problem

Helps you understand problems and think about ways to solve them.

2. Gives one or more solutions

3. Helps you think about how to fix issues

Next

Next

Next

Next

Next

"Maya found the letter on her doorstep. Her hands shook as she opened it. Inside was a confession from her best friend—one that changed everything."

Final Thoughts

  • Text structure is more than organization. It changes how we understand the text
  • Authors choose structures to highlight certain ideas (details, causes, order, differences, solutions)
  • The structure helps guide what the reader focuses on
  • Paying attention to structure helps you think deeper about the meaning
  • Strong readers ask:
  • Why did the author organize it this way?
  • How does this structure shape the message?

Quiz Code: STORY