Pharmacology 10 - Bowie

Pharmacology

Bowie Campbell

Enter

Click me for Instructions

10 Medications

Please click the name of the medication you would like to learn more about

Ipratropium

Fluconazole

Cyclobenzaprine

Alendronate

Warfarin

Metoprolol

Albuterol

Phenytoin

Esomeprazole

Fluoxetine

Please note that this is a general guide and not an extended list of all information available on the listed medications. For specifics, or questions, please contact your provider.

References

Ipratropium

i-pra-TROE-pee-um

Anticholinergic bronchodilator

Uses: COPD, bronchospasm, asthma-related airway tightening Administration Method: metered-dose inhaler, nebulized solution Common Side Effects: Dry mouth, cough, throat irritation, headache Interactions: Other anticholinergics; additive drying agents; caution with glaucoma meds; beta-agonists may be combined; discuss all inhalers with provider Caution: glaucoma, urinary retention, narrow-angle eye exposure; Contraindications: hypersensitivity to ipratropium or atropine-like drugs Dosing: 17mcg/actuation Inhaler, 0.02% nebulized solution

Medication may vary due to dosage and adminstration method

Brand: Atrovent HFA

Please note that this is a general guide and not an extended list of all information available on this medication. For specifics, or questions, please contact your provider.

Fluconazole

floo-KON-a-zole

Azole antifungal

Uses: Yeast infections, candidiasis, some systemic fungal infections Common Side Effects: Nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache Administration Method: Oral tablet, oral suspension Interactions: Warfarin; some statins; certain antiarrhythmics; some benzodiazepines; other QT-prolonging medications Caution: liver disease, pregnancy, QT prolongation risk; Contraindications: hypersensitivity and certain QT-prolonging combinations Dosing: varies by method 10 mg - 500 mg per unit

Medication may vary due to dosage and adminstration method

Brand: Diflucan

Please note that this is a general guide and not an extended list of all information available on this medication. For specifics, or questions, please contact your provider.

Alendronate

al-EN-dro-nate

Bisphosphonate

Uses: Osteoporosis, Paget-type bone disease prevention or treatment Common Side Effects: Heartburn, stomach upset, bone or joint pain Administration Method: Oral tablet, oral solution Interactions: Calcium supplements; iron; antacids; food or coffee reduce absorption; NSAIDs may worsen GI irritation Caution: esophageal irritation, difficulty swallowing, low calcium, kidney issues; Take on an empty stomach with a full glass of water; stay upright 30 minutes; do not eat or drink anything else during that time; report chest pain or trouble swallowing Contraindications: inability to sit upright 30 minutes, esophageal abnormalities, hypocalcemia Dosing: 5 mg - 70 mg tablet; 10 mg - 75 mg solution

Medication may vary due to dosage and adminstration method

Brand: Binosto; Fosamax

Please note that this is a general guide and not an extended list of all information available on this medication. For specifics, or questions, please contact your provider.

Cyclobenzaprine

sye-kloe-BEN-za-preen

Skeletal muscle relaxant

Uses: Short-term relief of muscle spasms Common Side Effects: Drowsiness, dry mouth, dizziness, constipation Administration Method: Oral tablet, extended-release capsule Interactions: Alcohol; opioids; benzodiazepines; other sedatives; MAO inhibitors or serotonergic drugs Caution: Avoid alcohol and driving until effects are known; use only for prescribed short-term period; get up slowly; call provider for confusion, fast heartbeat, or severe weakness Contraindications: recent MAOI use, certain cardiac rhythm problems, hypersensitivity Dosing: varies by method 5 mg - 30 mg per pill

Medication may vary due to dosage and adminstration method

Brand: Amrix; Fexmid; Tonmya

Please note that this is a general guide and not an extended list of all information available on this medication. For specifics, or questions, please contact your provider.

Warfarin

WAR-far-in

Anticoagulant

Uses: Prevention and treatment of blood clots Administration Method: Oral tablet Common Side Effects: Easy bruising, nosebleeds, bleeding gums Interactions: NSAIDs; aspirin; many antibiotics; amiodarone; vitamin K changes or large diet swings Caution: Get regular INR tests; keep vitamin K intake consistent; report unusual bleeding, black stools, severe headache, or falls; ask before starting new medicines or supplements Contraindications: active bleeding, pregnancy except special situations, severe uncontrolled bleeding risk Dosing: Tablets are available in 1 mg - 10 mg

Medication may vary due to dosage and adminstration method

Brand: Jantoven

Please note that this is a general guide and not an extended list of all information available on this medication. For specifics, or questions, please contact your provider.

Metoprolol

meh-toe-PROE-lol

Beta-blocker

Uses: High blood pressure, angina, some heart rhythm problems, heart failure Administration Method: Oral tablet, extended-release tablet, injection Common Side Effects: Fatigue, dizziness, slow pulse, low blood pressure Interactions: Other blood pressure medicines; verapamil or diltiazem; clonidine changes; alcohol; insulin or diabetes meds may mask symptoms Caution: Do not stop suddenly; take at the same time each day; stand slowly; monitor blood pressure and pulse if instructed; call for fainting, very slow heartbeat, or trouble breathing Contraindications: severe bradycardia, heart block, cardiogenic shock, hypersensitivity Dosing: 10 - 200 mg per unit

Medication may vary due to dosage and adminstration method

Brand: Kapspargo Sprinkle; Lopressor; Toprol XL

Please note that this is a general guide and not an extended list of all information available on this medication. For specifics, or questions, please contact your provider.

Albuterol

al-BYOO-ter-ole

beta-2 agonist bronchodilator

Uses: Quick relief of wheezing, bronchospasm, and shortness of breath Administration Method: Inhalation aerosol, inhalation powder, inhalation solution, syrup, tablet Common Side Effects: Tremor, nervousness, fast heartbeat, headache Interactions: Other stimulants; beta-blockers; MAO inhibitors or TCAs; diuretics that lower potassium; other bronchodilators Caution: overuse, heart disease, diabetes, low potassium; This medicine should not replace everyday controller therapy. Contact physician if needed more often than usual and seek urgent care if breathing does not improve. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, though caution is more common than absolute contraindication Dosing: 90 mcg/actuation, 1.25 mg/3 mL , 2.25 mg/3 mL, 2 mg, 4 mg

Medication may vary due to dosage and adminstration method

Brand: ProAir Digihaler [DSC]; ProAir HFA [DSC]; ProAir RespiClick; Proventil HFA [DSC]; Ventolin HFA

Please note that this is a general guide and not an extended list of all information available on this medication. For specifics, or questions, please contact your provider.

Esomeprazole

es-oh-ME-pray-zol

Proton pump inhibitor

Uses: GERD, erosive esophagitis, ulcer prevention or treatment Administration Method: Delayed-release capsule, delayed-release oral suspension, powder Common Side Effects: Headache, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain Interactions: Clopidogrel; warfarin; some antifungals; methotrexate; drugs needing stomach acid for absorption Caution: long-term use, magnesium or B12 deficiency risk, kidney issues, C. difficile risk Contraindications: hypersensitivity and some drug combinations Dosing: 2.5 mg - 49.3 mg depending on specific form and dosage requirements from provider

Medication may vary due to dosage and adminstration method

Brand: FT Acid Reducer [OTC]; NexIUM; NexIUM 24HR Clear Minis [OTC]; NexIUM 24HR [OTC]; NexIUM I.V. [DSC]

Please note that this is a general guide and not an extended list of all information available on this medication. For specifics, or questions, please contact your provider.

Phenytoin

FEN-i-toyn

Anticonvulsant

Uses: Seizure prevention and control Administration Method: Oral capsule, oral suspension, chewable tablet, injection Common Side Effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, gum overgrowth, unsteady walking Interactions: Many antibiotics; warfarin; oral contraceptives; antacids or calcium; alcohol Caution: Do not stop suddenly; maintain good dental hygiene; follow lab monitoring; avoid alcohol unless approved; report rash, severe sleepiness, or worsening seizures Contraindications: liver disease; hypersensitivity to hydantoins and some cardiac conduction problems Dosing: Specific to route; refer to provider with specific questions regarding dosing

Medication may vary due to dosage and adminstration method

Brand: Dilantin; Dilantin Infatabs; Dilantin-125; Phenytek; Phenytoin Infatabs

Please note that this is a general guide and not an extended list of all information available on this medication. For specifics, or questions, please contact your provider.

Fluoxetine

floo-OKS-e-teen

SSRI antidepressant

Uses: Depression, anxiety disorders, OCD, panic disorder, PMDD Administration Method: Oral capsule, delayed-release capsule, oral solution, tablet Common Side Effects: Nausea, insomnia, headache, nervousness, sexual side effects Interactions: MAO inhibitors; other serotonergic drugs; NSAIDs or aspirin; tramadol; some antipsychotics and TCAs Caution: Full benefit may take several weeks; do not stop suddenly without guidance; call for worsening mood, suicidal thoughts, agitation, or serotonin syndrome symptoms Contraindications: Seizure disorders; bariatric surgery; cardiovascular disease Dosing: 10 mg - 60 mg per unit depending on method

Medication may vary due to dosage and adminstration method

Brand: Prozac

Please note that this is a general guide and not an extended list of all information available on this medication. For specifics, or questions, please contact your provider.

References

All Medication Information and pictures - Lexi-Drugs. UpToDate Lexidrug. UpToDate Inc. https://online.lexi.com https://www.drugs.com/drug-classes.html

How to Use

Button

- Click on the buttons with your left mouse button to continue to the listed content

Ipratropium

Mouse Over

- Hover your pointer arrow over the bolded text for further information