Fraction Strips

Using Fraction Strips to Support Mathematical Understanding

Elizabeth Smith/SED 511/April 2026

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Focus Student Needs

5th grade student with a Specific Learning Disability in math. Strengths: understands fractions with like denominators Needs support with:

• Adding and subtracting fractions with unlike denominators
• Applying multi-step problem-solving strategies

Benefits from:

• Explicit step-by-step instruction
• Visual models
• Repeated practice

What Are Fraction Strips?

Fraction strips are a visual math manipulative that helps students understand fractions by representing parts of a whole. Students use strips divided into equal parts (halves, thirds, fourths, etc.) to model, compare, and operate with fractions. This manipulative supports conceptual understanding of equivalent fractions and common denominators by allowing students to physically or virtually align pieces.

Used to compare fractions

Used to find equivalent fractions

Used to add and subtract fractions

How Fraction Strips Support Learning

• Students place strips on top of each other
• Visually compare sizes of fractions
• Identify equivalent fractions
• Find a common denominator by aligning strips

Knowledge Check!

Example of Use:

This video shows one of the many ways fraction strips can support a student

Try It Digitally!

Toy Theater: Fraction Strips

Using the fraction strips on the website Toy Theater solve the following math problem: *Click the yellow Toy Theater: Fraction Strips title on this slide to take you the the website.

This tool allows students to drag and place fraction strips onto a workspace to:

1/3+1/4=

• Build fractions visually
• Compare sizes of fractions
• Find equivalent fractions
• Model addition and subtraction problems

What This Looks Like in the Classroom

In a classroom setting, this manipulative can be used in:For example:Students are given 1/2 and 1/3. They build both fractions, line them up, and discover that both can be renamed as sixths. Then they solve the equation using the visual model.

• Small group stations
• Teacher-led instruction for modeling
• Independent or partner work using physical or digital strips

Benefits to Student Learning

Possible Challenges

• Builds conceptual understanding: Students can see how fractions relate instead of memorizing rules.
• Supports multiple learning styles: Especially helpful for visual and kinesthetic learners.
• Improves problem-solving skills: Students explore and discover relationships between fractions.
• Bridges concrete → abstract thinking: Manipulatives help students move from hands-on models to symbolic math.

• Over-reliance on manipulatives: Students may struggle to transition to abstract equations without support.
• Time constraints: Using manipulatives can take longer than traditional instruction.
• Cognitive overload: Some students (especially with learning disabilities) may become overwhelmed if not explicitly guided.
• Misuse of materials: Without clear modeling, students may not use the strips correctly.

Knowledge Check!

Directions: Drag and drop the statement to the correct circle.

Challenges

Benefits

Students may rely too heavily on manipulatives

Supports visual and hands-on learners

Possible off-task behavior

Improves problem-solving skills

Difficulty connecting visual model to numerical steps

Builds conceptual understanding of fractions

Solutions to Barriers

• Start with simple fractions first
• Provide clear structure and expectations
• Pair manipulatives with explicit instruction
• Model connections between visuals and equations
• Gradually move from:

Concrete → Visual → Abstract

Connection to Focus Student

• Targets difficulty with unlike denominators
• Makes abstract concepts concrete
• Aligns with need for explicit instruction
• Supports confidence building through visual success
• Encourages independence in problem solving

Final Thoughts

Fraction strips are an effective tool for helping students develop a deep understanding of fractions.

By combining visual models with explicit instruction, students can build both confidence and competence in solving fraction problems.

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