4/5 7.19, 7.21

¿Cuál es la fecha?

¿Qué día es?

Hoy es ______ el ___ de _______.

número

mes

día

primero

enero

febrero

10

abril

marzo

11

14

mayo

16

12

18

15

13

17

19

24

22

20

25

23

21

septiembre

octubre

26

30

28

27

29

31

diciembre

noviembre

What do you notice?

What is the subject?

a noun (a person / place / thing) that is doing the activity

• My brother swims
• Ana plays soccer
• The dog runs

another (usually shorter) word that stands in place of a noun, and refers to that noun

What is a pronoun?

• My brother swims and he is really fast.
• Ana plays soccer, but she is just learning.
• The dog runs until it is too tired.

Iyouhe, she, it

we they

What are subject pronouns?

yo is I

tú = (informal) you

saying "you" to

• friends, close family members like siblings, parents, grandparents...
• meeting people close to your age, or younger than you, etc.

tú

tú

tú

tú

tú

(formal) you = usted

oo-STED

saying "you" to

• adults / someone (older than you) that you don't know
• a teacher, principal, doctor, older neighbor, someone you may address as Mr. / Mrs. .... depends on situation
• varies among cultures, people / relationships
• how well do you know them? age?

usted

usted

usted

usted

usted

tú

tú

él is he ella is she

él

ella

él

él

ella

él

ella

nosotros is "we"

nosotras (if all female)

nosotros (if all male or a mixed group)

nosotros

nosotras

nosotros

only in Spain, informally

(in Spain, formally) Most Spanish-speaking countries only use USTEDES

vosotros / ustedes you (plural) you all, y'all

you (plural) in the United States:

• you
• you all
• all of you
• y'all
• you guys
• yinz

oo-STED-ace

ustedes

ustedes

ustedes

ustedes

ellos /ellas are "they"

ellos (if all male or a mixed group)

ellas (if all female)

ellas

ellos

ellos

ellas

Subject Pronouns

lyrics preview for video

YO is I, and then there's TÚ - don't you know that's the informal YOU

the formal YOU is called USTED you've got to get the difference in your head

ÉL is he, and ELLA is she

and NOSOTROS is the way we say we

only used in Spain

VOSOTROS y USTEDES mean y'all (you all, all of you) ELLOS, ELLAS are they, and that is all!

nosotros - we vosotros - y'all ustedes - y'all ellos - they ellas - they

yo - I tú - (informal you) usted (formal you) él - he ella - she

2+ people

1 person

Subject Pronouns: I, you, he, she, it, we, they the person doing the action

What things do you notice? Compare English and Spanish regarding their subjects and verbs:

Verb endings change when the subject changes

am

happy

yo

Who is happy?

happy

are

You

tú

happy

is

She

happy

is

He

ella

él

3 categorias de verbos

____er

to ______

____ar

to ______

comer

bailar

leer

hablar

____ir

to ______

nadar

vivir

cocinar

escribir

some common

____ar verbs

regular very irregular yo=irregular stem-changing yo=irregular AND stem-changing stem- AND spelling change

present tense

to talk/speak to cook to watch/look at to arrive to be* to give to touch/play* to help to wait to walk to wear

hablar cocinar mirar llegar estar dar tocar ayudar esperar caminar llevar

to happen/pass to take/drink to think to find to ask to play* to use to draw to listen to practice

pasar tomar pensar encontrar preguntar jugar usar dibujar escuchar practicar

today's focus

yo is I

ar

bail

er

corr

yo

ir

abr

I talk

yo hablo

yo como

I eat

yo bebo

I drink

yo escucho

I listen

I read

yo leo

I play

yo juego

I run

yo corro

yo camino

I walk

yo o

yo o

yo o

escribir

hablar

beber

yo o

yo o

yo o

comer

compartir

leer

yo _____o

barrer

_____o

yo

a VERB ending like this: ___o automatically means: I (am doing something), even if the word yo is not there / said

yo llamo = I call llamo = I call

• yo is often dropped
• it may be used for emphasis

yo miro = I watch miro = I watch

barrer

Hola, me llamo Carlos. Hablo de mis comidas favoritas. Yo camino al supermercado, y compro frutas y vegetales. Me gusta cocinar en mi casa. Yo preparo tacos con tomates. También preparo pizza con queso.

Para el desayuno, yo tomo jugo de naranja. Para el almuerzo, yo como una banana y chocolate. Para la cena, yo cocino sopa con zanahorias.

Cuando yo visito a mi abuela, yo abrazo y beso a mi abuela. Yo ayudo a mi abuela a cocinar. Después de comer, yo lavo los platos. ¡Me encanta la comida!