Elizabeth I Tudor
Queen of england and ireland
Early life
Elizabeth was born on 7 September 1533 at Greenwich Palace. She was the second child of Henry VIII of England born in wedlock to survive infancy. Her mother was Henry VIII's second wife, Anne Boleyn. At birth, Elizabeth was the heir presumptive to the English throne. Her elder half-sister Mary had lost her position as a legitimate heir when Henry annulled his marriage to Mary's mother, Catherine of Aragon, to marry Anne, with the intent to sire a male heir and ensure the Tudor succession.
ACCESSION AND INTERNAL POLICIES
Elizabeth I ascended the throne in 1558 at age 25, inheriting a bankrupt, religiously divided nation with lost territory. Her first years prioritized stability, establishing a moderate Protestant Church of England, appointing trusted advisors like William Cecil, and refusing to marry, adopting the persona of the "Virgin Queen" to secure power.She was the first queen to be both sovereign of England and Ireland and Pontiff of the Protestant Church after the Reformation of Henry VIII.
Virgin queen
From the start of Elizabeth's reign it was expected that she would marry, and the question arose to whom. Although she received many offers, she never married and remained childless; the reasons for this are not clear. While risking possible loss of power like her sister, who played into the hands of King Philip II of Spain, marriage offered the chance of an heir. However, the choice of a husband might also provoke political instability or even insurrection
DEATH
She died on 24 March 1603, aged 69, at Richmond Palace, between two and three in the morning. A few hours later, Cecil and the council set their plans in motion and proclaimed James king of England. While it has become normative to record Elizabeth's death as occurring in 1603, following English calendar reform in the 1750s, at the time England observed New Year's Day on 25 March, commonly known as Lady Day. Thus Elizabeth died on the last day of the year 1602 in the old calendar. The modern convention is to use the old style calendar for the day and month while using the new style calendar for the year
Mary, queen of Scots
Elizabeth's first policy toward Scotland was to oppose the French presence there. She feared that the French planned to invade England and put her Catholic cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, on the throne. Elizabeth was persuaded to send a force into Scotland to aid the Protestant rebels, and though the campaign was inept, the resulting Treaty of Edinburgh of July 1560 removed the French threat in the north. When Mary returned from France to Scotland in 1561 to take up the reins of power, the country had an established Protestant church and was run by a council of Protestant nobles supported by Elizabeth. Mary refused to ratify the treaty.
in 1565, Mary married Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, who carried his own claim to the English throne. The marriage was the first of a series of errors of judgement by Mary that handed the victory to the Scottish Protestants and to Elizabeth. Darnley quickly became unpopular and was murdered in February 1567 by conspirators
These events led rapidly to Mary's defeat and imprisonment in Lochleven Castle. The Scottish lords forced her to abdicate in favour of her one-year-old son, James VI. James was taken to Stirling Castle to be raised as a Protestant. Mary escaped in 1568 but after a defeat at Langside sailed to England
The Not-so "GranDE ARMADA
On 12 July 1588, the Spanish Armada, a great fleet of ships, set sail for the channel, planning to ferry a Spanish invasion force under the Duke of Parma to the coast of southeast England from the Netherlands. To intercept the Armada, Elizabeth sent her navy led by Francis Drake and Charles Howard. The armada was defeated by a combination of miscalculation, misfortune, and an attack of English fire ships which dispersed the Spanish ships to the northeastWhen no invasion came, the nation rejoiced. Elizabeth's procession to a thanksgiving service at St Paul's Cathedral rivalled that of her coronation as a spectacle. The defeat of the armada was a potent propaganda victory, both for Elizabeth and for Protestant England.
Summary of the Armadas
English Armada: The English fleet suffered a catastrophic defeat with 11,000–15,000 killedsecond English armada to Cádiz: succeeded in capturing Cádiz second Spanish Armada: disaster. This, along with the Cádiz raid forced Spain to declare bankruptcy that year. Third Armada in 1597, but near the English coast another storm dispersed the fleet, losing another 28 ships sunk or captured and 2,000 men Fourth Spanish Armada to Ireland in 1601 to assist the rebels there Both sides were nevertheless exhausted and peace was signed between England and Spain with the Treaty of London in 1604
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Elizabeth I Tudor
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Transcript
Elizabeth I Tudor
Queen of england and ireland
Early life
Elizabeth was born on 7 September 1533 at Greenwich Palace. She was the second child of Henry VIII of England born in wedlock to survive infancy. Her mother was Henry VIII's second wife, Anne Boleyn. At birth, Elizabeth was the heir presumptive to the English throne. Her elder half-sister Mary had lost her position as a legitimate heir when Henry annulled his marriage to Mary's mother, Catherine of Aragon, to marry Anne, with the intent to sire a male heir and ensure the Tudor succession.
ACCESSION AND INTERNAL POLICIES
Elizabeth I ascended the throne in 1558 at age 25, inheriting a bankrupt, religiously divided nation with lost territory. Her first years prioritized stability, establishing a moderate Protestant Church of England, appointing trusted advisors like William Cecil, and refusing to marry, adopting the persona of the "Virgin Queen" to secure power.She was the first queen to be both sovereign of England and Ireland and Pontiff of the Protestant Church after the Reformation of Henry VIII.
Virgin queen
From the start of Elizabeth's reign it was expected that she would marry, and the question arose to whom. Although she received many offers, she never married and remained childless; the reasons for this are not clear. While risking possible loss of power like her sister, who played into the hands of King Philip II of Spain, marriage offered the chance of an heir. However, the choice of a husband might also provoke political instability or even insurrection
DEATH
She died on 24 March 1603, aged 69, at Richmond Palace, between two and three in the morning. A few hours later, Cecil and the council set their plans in motion and proclaimed James king of England. While it has become normative to record Elizabeth's death as occurring in 1603, following English calendar reform in the 1750s, at the time England observed New Year's Day on 25 March, commonly known as Lady Day. Thus Elizabeth died on the last day of the year 1602 in the old calendar. The modern convention is to use the old style calendar for the day and month while using the new style calendar for the year
Mary, queen of Scots
Elizabeth's first policy toward Scotland was to oppose the French presence there. She feared that the French planned to invade England and put her Catholic cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, on the throne. Elizabeth was persuaded to send a force into Scotland to aid the Protestant rebels, and though the campaign was inept, the resulting Treaty of Edinburgh of July 1560 removed the French threat in the north. When Mary returned from France to Scotland in 1561 to take up the reins of power, the country had an established Protestant church and was run by a council of Protestant nobles supported by Elizabeth. Mary refused to ratify the treaty.
in 1565, Mary married Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, who carried his own claim to the English throne. The marriage was the first of a series of errors of judgement by Mary that handed the victory to the Scottish Protestants and to Elizabeth. Darnley quickly became unpopular and was murdered in February 1567 by conspirators
These events led rapidly to Mary's defeat and imprisonment in Lochleven Castle. The Scottish lords forced her to abdicate in favour of her one-year-old son, James VI. James was taken to Stirling Castle to be raised as a Protestant. Mary escaped in 1568 but after a defeat at Langside sailed to EnglandThe Not-so "GranDE ARMADA
On 12 July 1588, the Spanish Armada, a great fleet of ships, set sail for the channel, planning to ferry a Spanish invasion force under the Duke of Parma to the coast of southeast England from the Netherlands. To intercept the Armada, Elizabeth sent her navy led by Francis Drake and Charles Howard. The armada was defeated by a combination of miscalculation, misfortune, and an attack of English fire ships which dispersed the Spanish ships to the northeastWhen no invasion came, the nation rejoiced. Elizabeth's procession to a thanksgiving service at St Paul's Cathedral rivalled that of her coronation as a spectacle. The defeat of the armada was a potent propaganda victory, both for Elizabeth and for Protestant England.
Summary of the Armadas
English Armada: The English fleet suffered a catastrophic defeat with 11,000–15,000 killedsecond English armada to Cádiz: succeeded in capturing Cádiz second Spanish Armada: disaster. This, along with the Cádiz raid forced Spain to declare bankruptcy that year. Third Armada in 1597, but near the English coast another storm dispersed the fleet, losing another 28 ships sunk or captured and 2,000 men Fourth Spanish Armada to Ireland in 1601 to assist the rebels there Both sides were nevertheless exhausted and peace was signed between England and Spain with the Treaty of London in 1604
Do you have an idea?
With Genially templates you can include visual resources to leave your audience speechless. Also highlight a specific phrase or data that will be engraved in the memory of your audience and even embed surprising external content: videos, photos, audios... Whatever you want! Need more reasons to create dynamic content? Well: 90% of the information we assimilate comes through our sight and, furthermore, we retain 42% more information when thecontent moves.