5th grade sources 1

Grade 5 Integrated Writing Task (ICT): Electricity Scenario You are a student science reporter for your school’s STEM newsletter. Your teacher has asked you to explain how electricity works and why it is important to use it safely and wisely at home and at school. Source 1: Text – “What Is Electricity?” Electricity is a form of energy that can be used to power many of the tools and devices people use every day. Lights, computers, refrigerators, and televisions all depend on electricity to work. Even though electricity cannot be seen, its effects are easy to notice when a lamp turns on or a phone begins to charge. At its smallest level, electricity begins with tiny particles called electrons. Electrons are found inside atoms, which make up everything around us. In some materials, such as metals, electrons can move easily from one place to another. When electrons flow in a steady path, they create an electric current. This flow of electrons is what we call electricity. Electricity can be either static or current electricity. Static electricity builds up on an object and stays in one place until it is released. For example, when you rub a balloon on your hair, electrons move from your hair to the balloon. When the balloon sticks to a wall, static electricity is at work. Current electricity, on the other hand, flows through wires and powers most of the devices we use every day. For electricity to flow, it usually travels in a circuit. A circuit is a complete path that allows electrons to move. A simple circuit includes a power source, such as a battery, wires to carry the electricity, and a device like a light bulb that uses the energy. If the circuit is broken, the electricity cannot flow, and the device will not work. Electricity is very useful, but it must be handled carefully. Touching exposed wires or using electrical devices near water can be dangerous. Learning how electricity works helps people use it safely and responsibly. Source 2: Text – “Using Electricity Safely and Wisely” Electricity makes life easier, but it is important to use it in safe and smart ways. Because electricity travels quickly through wires and devices, accidents can happen if people are not careful. That is why safety rules are important when using electrical energy. One important safety rule is to keep electricity away from water. Water is a good conductor of electricity, which means electricity can travel through it easily. Using electrical devices with wet hands or near sinks, bathtubs, or pools can cause serious injury. Another rule is to never put objects into electrical outlets. Outlets are designed only for plugs, and placing other items inside them can lead to shocks or fires. Using electricity wisely also helps save energy. Turning off lights when leaving a room and unplugging chargers when they are not in use can reduce the amount of electricity a home uses. This not only lowers electricity bills but also helps the environment. Many power plants burn fuels to make electricity, which can cause pollution. Using less electricity means fewer fuels are burned. People can also choose energy-efficient appliances and light bulbs. These products are designed to use less electricity while still working well. When many people make small changes, the results can make a big difference. By following safety rules and using electricity wisely, people can enjoy the benefits of electrical energy while protecting themselves and the planet. Source 3: Video – “The Power of Circuits! | Technology for Kids | SciShow Kids” Access Instructions: Watch the presentation about electricity and circuits. Focus for Viewing: Please use your headphones and listen to the presentation.