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The Permian–Triassic Extinction Event (The Great Dying)

Abdullah Shahzad

Created on February 23, 2026

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Transcript

The Permian–Triassic Extinction Event (The Great Dying)

World Conditions

Time Period

Permian–Triassic Boundary (End-Permian Extinction). This event occurred about 252 million years ago at the boundary between the Permian Period and Triassic Period. It marks the transition from the Paleozoic Era to the Mesozoic Era within the Phanerozoic Eon. The main extinction phase lasted roughly 60,000 years, with environmental effects continuing for millions of years afterward.

Earth became extremely hot and dry, with rising carbon dioxide levels and reduced oxygen in the atmosphere. The oceans grew warmer, acidic, and low in oxygen, killing many marine organisms. Most land was joined as the supercontinent Pangaea, which caused massive deserts and harsh climates. Life included early reptiles, amphibians, insects, corals, and many marine species, but most did not survive.

Major Event

Interesting Facts

The largest mass extinction in Earth’s history occurred, eliminating around 90–96% of marine species and about 70% of land vertebrates. Massive volcanic eruptions in Siberia released greenhouse gases, causing extreme global warming, acid rain, and ocean oxygen loss. Food chains collapsed, leading to widespread extinction.

• Largest extinction event ever recorded • Coral reefs disappeared for millions of years • Many insects also went extinct • Event allowed dinosaurs to later rise • Recovery took over 10 million years

References U.S. Geological Survey – The Permian Extinction National Geographic Society – Permian–Triassic Extinction Event

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Threats

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