DNA and Protein Review

DNA and Protein Review

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Which statement best describes DNA replication?

DNA is broken into amino acids to build proteins

DNA is copied so each new cell receives genetic information

RNA is used to store genetic information

Proteins are copied to form new chromosomes

DNA replication is described as "semi-conservative" because

Each new DNA molecule contains two completely new strands

Each new DNA molecule contains one original strand and one new strand

DNA is copied only in certain cells

DNA replication happens only when proteins are present

During DNA replication, which base will pair with cytosine (C)?

Thymine (T)

Adenine (A)

Guanine (G)

Uracil (U)

A mutation occurs during DNA replication and changes on nucleotide. What is the most likely result?

The cell will die immediately

The gene may code for a different protein

The DNA will be undable to unwind again

RNA will no longer exist in the cell

Which sequence correctly represents the flow of genetic information in a cell?

RNA -> DNA -> Protein

Protein -> RNA --> DNA

DNA -> RNA -> Protein

DNA -> Protein -> RNA

A mutation chnages the DNA triplet from TAC to TAT. Which is the most likely outcome?

The protein will be not be made as the start codon has been changed

The cell will not be able to replciate DNA again

The mutation will always improve the organism

The ribosome will disappear

What is the main purpose of transcritption?

To copy DNA into RNA

To join amino acids into codons

To break down glucose for enegry

To build a protein using amino acids

A codon is best described as...

a protein that helps DNA unzip

a group of mRNA bases that codes for an amino acid

an RNA moelcule that stores genetic information

of group of 2 DNA bases that make a chromosome

Where does transcription occur in the cell?

The nucleus

The ribosome

The cytoplasm

The mitochondria

What is produced during transcription?

A complementary mRNA strand

An amino acid chain

The ribosome

A new DNA strand

Which RNA molecule carries genetic instructions from the nucleus to the ribosome?

sRNA

rRNA

tRNA

mRNA

What would be the resulting RNA strand from the DNA: TAC AAT ACG

UTG TTU TGC

AUG UUA UGC

ATG TTA TGC

TAC AAT ACG

Which process directly prduces a chain of amino acids?

Diffusion

Replication

Transcription

Translation

Which structure is responsible for assembling amino acids into a protein?

Golgi Body

Nucleus

Ribosome

Mitochondria

Which amino acid would the following DNA code for: AGC

Ser

Val

Arg

Leu

A deletion mutation removes one nucleotide from a DNA sequence. Why is this often more harmful than a substition?

It always produes a stop codon

It prevents transcription from happening in the nucleus

It changes the reading frame, altering many codons after the mutation

It causes DNA replication to speed up

A substitution mutation occurs in a gene, but the protein produced is unchanged. Which explains this?

Some amino acids are coded for by more than one codon

The nucleus edits the protein after transcription

DNA does not control proteins

RNA cannot be affected by mutation

Wrong answer

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