T17

Structures

Ana Boggetto Rosa, 2ºC

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Index

1. What is a structure
2. Functions of structures
3. Types of structures

3.1 Mass structures3.2 Trabeated structures3.3 Geodesic structures3.4 Arched and vaulted structures3.5 Trusser structures3.6 Laminar structures3.7 Cable-stayed or suspension structures3.8 Frame structures3.9 Inflatable structures

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Structures

A structure is a set of elements arranged in a way that is appropriated for supporting the weight of a body and manteining its shape, despite external forces that may act on it.

Natural and artificial structures

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Functions of structures

To design a structure we need to combine the maximum strength with the minimum amount of material, so it will be economical and lightweight. Structures have defferent purpose:

• Give shape to the object
• Protect
• Cross spaces
• Raise
• Create spaces
• Withstand forces by maintainig the shape

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Types of structures

and structural elements

1. Mass structures
2. Trabeated structures
3. Geodesic structures
4. Arched and vaulted structures
5. Trusser structures
6. Laminar structures
7. Cable-stayed or suspension structures
8. Frame structures
9. Inflatable structures

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Mass structures:

Solid, heavy and very sturdy

Trabeated structures:

Constructed with lintels

Geodesic structures:

Globe-shaped structures formed by triangles

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Arched and vaulted structures:

Stone blocks supported by their own weight

Trussed structures:

Formed by bars arranged to form triangles or trusses

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Laminar structures:

Made up of sheets that form a protective housing and support

Suspension structures:

Held in place by stay cables, usually made from steel

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Frame structures:

Formed by pillars and beams that are connected to each other.

Inflatable structures:

Formed by canvases stretched by compressed air.

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Artificial structures

Artificial structures are, human-made formations made to meet their needs.

Examples

• Buildings
• Transportation networks
• Everyday objects
• Coastal structures

Natural structures

Natural structures are, non-human-made formations, shapes, or systems found in nature

Examples

• An animal skeleton
• Shells
• Mountains and caves
• Animal eggs
• Tree trunks