Control de las Exposiciones a Agentes Químicos
UD.7
Estrategias Técnicas, Organizativas y de Ventilación
lA eCUACIÓN DEL rIESGO qUÍMICO:
Concentración y Tiempo
Priorización del Control:
La Jerarquía Obligatoria
Marco Legal: RD 374/2001
La Matriz de Intervención:
4 frentes de batalla
Frente nº 1
Acciones sobre el Agente (El Foco)
Reemplazar el agente peligroso por uno seguro.
Reducir la proporción del componente peligroso .
Usar pellets o pastas en lugar de polvo.
Imperativo Legal (RD 665/1997): Para cancerígenos, la sustitución es obligatoria si es técnicamente posible. Reglamento REACH fomenta la sustitución de sustancias "Extremadamente Preocupantes".
Frente nº 2
Acciones sobre el Proceso (La Emisión)
Proceso Cerrado: Evitar contacto con el ambiente.
Aislamiento: Separación física total (ej. Cabinas de guantes).
Seguridad Intrínseса: Diseño para prevenir incendios/explosiones.
Vía Húmeda: Supresión de polvo mediante agua.
Mantenimiento Preventivo: Evitar fugas antes de que ocurran.
Frente nº 3
Acciones en el Local de Trabajo (El medio )
Segregación : Separar departamentos sucios de limpios. Paredes impermeables, limpieza inmediata de derrames. Cortinas y duchas de aire en accesos. - Cabinas para Trabajadores :
Aislamiento del operario dentro de una cabina limpia. Control de vertidos.
Frente nº 4
Acciones en el Método (La Organización)
Rotación y horarios
Automatización / Robotización
Reducir la variable tiempo
Eliminar la presencia humana.
Advertencia: Las medidas organizativas son menos fiables que las técnicas; dependen del comportamiento humano.
Última Línea de Defensa: Equipos de Protección Individual (EPI)
1. Determinación Vías de entrada del contaminante.
Criterios de Uso - Sólo cuando las medidas colectivas son insuficientes.
- Emergencias y Rescate.
- Operaciones de mantenimiento temporal.
- Situaciones de riesgo residual.
2. Características Técnicas Evaluación de riesgos e información del fabricante..
3. Adquisición y Adaptación Ajuste al usuario y a la tarea.
Selección Técnica de EPIs: Respiratoria y Dérmica
Selección Técnica de EPIs: Respiratoria y Dérmica
Protección Respiratoria
- Equipos Filtrantes (Independientes):
- Equipos Filtrantes (Dependientes):
- Partículas: P1 (Baja), P2 (Media), P3 (Alta). Color Blanco.
- Gases: Filtros específicos (A, B, E, K...).e peligroso.
Obligatorio si falta oxígeno.
Selección Técnica de EPIs: Respiratoria y Dérmica
Selección Técnica de EPIs: Respiratoria y Dérmica
Protección Dérmica (Guantes/Trajes)
Tipo 1 (Hermético a gas) a Tipo 6 (Salpicaduras).
Permeación:Resistencia medida por 'Tiempo de paso' (Breakthrough time).
Selección Técnica de EPIs: Respiratoria y Dérmica
Estrategias de Ventilación: Captura vs. Dilución
Advertencia: Una ventilación inadecuada con polvo combustible puede crear atmósferas explosivas.
Extracción Localizada (Preferente)
Ventilación por Dilución (Limitada)
- Capta el contaminante en el foco.
- Caudal bajo, alta eficiencia.
- Evita dispersión.
- Renueva el aire del local.
- Caudal alto, baja eficiencia.
- Sólo reduce concentración, no elimina.
Selección Técnica de EPIs: Respiratoria y Dérmica
Resumen: Lógica de Decisión para el Control
Case study. Situation assessment
Situation
Objectives
Key Facts
- Is clear and structured
- Tells stories hierarchically.
- Matches your audience.
- Adapts fonts and color to the theme.
With the tool, creating infographics is faster and easier than making a microwave brownie. You can use the graphics in the Resources section.
+Info
+Info
+Info
+Info
Characters
Visual content is a transversal, universal language, like music. We are capable of understanding images from millions of years ago, even from other cultures.
Problem Statement
+Info
+Info
- Includes images and entertains.
- Represents data with graphics.
- Uses timelines.
- Is animated and interactive.
Context in which the action takes place
Disciplines like Visual Thinking facilitate visually rich note-taking through the use of images, graphics, infographics, and simple drawings. Give it a go!
+Info
+Info
+Info
+Info
La Matriz de Intervención:
4 Frentes de Batalla
Practical case. suggestion of strategies
Write a title here
4. Write a great headline
2. Write a great headline
3. Write a great headline
1. Write a great headline
Show enthusiasm! Take a deep breath and tell what you came to say.
Through an outline, to tell everything in an orderly way.
With calm and conciseness. Synthesize the content.
With a smile. This will make empathy awaken and help you create a special connection.
Case study. reference content
Data
Background
Write a great subtitle here to provide context
Need more reasons to create dynamic content? Well: 90% of the information we assimilate comes through sight, and we retain 42% more information when the content moves.
+Info
+Info
+50
+40
+60
A great title
A great title
A great title
Use images in your presentation
References
Bibliography
+Info
+Info
Webography
+Info
+Info
Practical case. reference content
WORK MATERIAL
2. Present your genially...
1. Present your genially...
Through a scheme, to tell everything in an orderly way.
Maintaining eye contact with your audience. 'The eyes, chico'.
4. Present your genially...
3. Present your genially...
After practicing a lot. The best improvisation is the one that is worked on!
Show enthusiasm! Take a deep breath and tell what you've come to say.
Case study. criteria for decision making
Animate your content and take it to the next level
1. Give your creations a WOW effect with animation! 2. 50% of the brain processes visual stimuli.
5. Turn numbers into stories with infographics. 6. Follow the evolution of your content for decades.
3. A multimedia format is ideal for successful communication. 4. Create WOW content thanks to animation.
Include infographics in your creations
Write a great headline
With Genially templates, you can include visual resources to leave your audience amazed. Also, highlight a specific phrase or data that remains etched in the memory of your audience and even embed external content that surprises: videos, photos, audios... Whatever you want!
Bring your creation's elements to life with animation. It's impossible not to pay attention to moving content!
+Info
+Info
Got an idea?
Use this space to add some awesome interactivity. Include text, images, videos, tables, PDFs... even interactive questions! Premium tip: Get insights on how your audience interacts.
A great title
When we are told a story, it excites us, it can even move us, making us remember the stories up to 20 times more than any other content we may consume.
Write a great headline
20XX
20XX
20XX
Subtitle here
Subtitle here
Subtitle here
20XX
20XX
Subtitle here
Subtitle here
20XX
Include infographics in your creations
Plan
Disciplines such as Visual Thinking facilitate visually rich note-taking thanks to the use of images, graphics, infographics, and simple drawings.
20XX
Structure
20XX
Design
20XX
Communicate
Share your idea with an image
Our brain is biologically prepared to process visual content. Almost 50% of our brain is involved in processing visual stimuli.
'With Genially, you can download your creation in MP4 and level up.'
Save time and concepts are fixed in the minds of your audience.
Do you feel like your text is still missing something? Add animation to captivate your audience.
webgraphy
Website name
Website name
website name
website name
website name
Name
Name
Name
a great title
We tell thousands and thousands of stories. ⅔ of our conversations are stories.
2. narrative beings
We are able to understand images from millions of years ago, even from other cultures.
1. We are visual beings
Visual content is a transversal, universal language, like music. We are able to understand images from millions of years ago, even from other cultures.
Pose a dramatic question; it's the essential ingredient to keep the audience's attention. It's usually posed subliminally at the beginning of the story to intrigue the audience and is resolved at the end.
'A presentation is NOT WOW when it's boring and you see drowsiness taking over your audience because no one has understood anything.'
A great title
We are in the era of the digital information explosion. This causes our way of obtaining information to have changed, we have moved from traditional reading to a cognitive strategy based on navigation.
Share your idea with an image
You can use the photograph, gif, or illustration you want to enhance the multimedia content.
Did you know that in addition to taking advantage of our resources, you can add the visual elements you want to complement the information? Try it from the Image or Resources menus!
Here you can put a highlighted title
Write a great text by clicking on Text in the left sidebar. Note: fonts, size, and color should suit the theme you are addressing.
A great title
When carrying out a presentation, two objectives must be pursued: conveying information and avoiding boredom. It may be a good practice to create an outline and use words that will be etched into the minds of your audience.
Write a great title here
Write a great text, by clicking on Text in the left sidebar.
Note: fonts, size, and color should fit the theme you are addressing.
Write a great headline
82%+ engagement
82%
A relevant achievement
50%
A great title
Our brain is wired, from a biological standpoint, to process visual content. Almost 50% of our brain is involved in processing visual stimuli.
A great title
We better capture visual content. Visual content is associated with cognitive and psychological mechanisms. Things come in through the eyes, the first image is what counts. We associate visual content with emotions.
bibliography
Book title - author
Book title - Author
Brief description
Brief description
Book title - author
Book title - Author
Brief description
Brief description
Book title - author
Book title - author
Brief description
Brief description
Book title - author
Book title - author
Brief description
Brief description
Control de las Exposiciones a Agentes Químicos
Dolores Castillo
Created on January 25, 2026
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Transcript
Control de las Exposiciones a Agentes Químicos
UD.7
Estrategias Técnicas, Organizativas y de Ventilación
lA eCUACIÓN DEL rIESGO qUÍMICO:
Concentración y Tiempo
Priorización del Control:
La Jerarquía Obligatoria
Marco Legal: RD 374/2001
La Matriz de Intervención:
4 frentes de batalla
Frente nº 1
Acciones sobre el Agente (El Foco)
- Sustitución Total:
Reemplazar el agente peligroso por uno seguro.- Sustitución Parcial:
Reducir la proporción del componente peligroso .- Cambio de Estado Físico:
Usar pellets o pastas en lugar de polvo.Imperativo Legal (RD 665/1997): Para cancerígenos, la sustitución es obligatoria si es técnicamente posible. Reglamento REACH fomenta la sustitución de sustancias "Extremadamente Preocupantes".
Frente nº 2
Acciones sobre el Proceso (La Emisión)
Proceso Cerrado: Evitar contacto con el ambiente.
Aislamiento: Separación física total (ej. Cabinas de guantes).
Seguridad Intrínseса: Diseño para prevenir incendios/explosiones.
Vía Húmeda: Supresión de polvo mediante agua.
Mantenimiento Preventivo: Evitar fugas antes de que ocurran.
Frente nº 3
Acciones en el Local de Trabajo (El medio )
Segregación : Separar departamentos sucios de limpios.
- Limpieza y Orden :
Paredes impermeables, limpieza inmediata de derrames.- Barreras de Aire :
Cortinas y duchas de aire en accesos.- Cabinas para Trabajadores :
Aislamiento del operario dentro de una cabina limpia.- Drenajes y Cubetos :
Control de vertidos.Frente nº 4
Acciones en el Método (La Organización)
Rotación y horarios
Automatización / Robotización
Reducir la variable tiempo
Eliminar la presencia humana.
Advertencia: Las medidas organizativas son menos fiables que las técnicas; dependen del comportamiento humano.
Última Línea de Defensa: Equipos de Protección Individual (EPI)
1. Determinación Vías de entrada del contaminante.
Criterios de Uso- Sólo cuando las medidas colectivas son insuficientes.
- Emergencias y Rescate.
- Operaciones de mantenimiento temporal.
- Situaciones de riesgo residual.
2. Características Técnicas Evaluación de riesgos e información del fabricante..
3. Adquisición y Adaptación Ajuste al usuario y a la tarea.
Selección Técnica de EPIs: Respiratoria y Dérmica
Selección Técnica de EPIs: Respiratoria y Dérmica
Protección Respiratoria
- Suministro de aire.
Obligatorio si falta oxígeno.Selección Técnica de EPIs: Respiratoria y Dérmica
Selección Técnica de EPIs: Respiratoria y Dérmica
Protección Dérmica (Guantes/Trajes)
- Trajes:
Tipo 1 (Hermético a gas) a Tipo 6 (Salpicaduras).Permeación:Resistencia medida por 'Tiempo de paso' (Breakthrough time).
Selección Técnica de EPIs: Respiratoria y Dérmica
Estrategias de Ventilación: Captura vs. Dilución
Advertencia: Una ventilación inadecuada con polvo combustible puede crear atmósferas explosivas.
Extracción Localizada (Preferente)
Ventilación por Dilución (Limitada)
Selección Técnica de EPIs: Respiratoria y Dérmica
Resumen: Lógica de Decisión para el Control
Case study. Situation assessment
Situation
Objectives
Key Facts
With the tool, creating infographics is faster and easier than making a microwave brownie. You can use the graphics in the Resources section.
+Info
+Info
+Info
+Info
Characters
Visual content is a transversal, universal language, like music. We are capable of understanding images from millions of years ago, even from other cultures.
Problem Statement
+Info
+Info
Context in which the action takes place
Disciplines like Visual Thinking facilitate visually rich note-taking through the use of images, graphics, infographics, and simple drawings. Give it a go!
+Info
+Info
+Info
+Info
La Matriz de Intervención:
4 Frentes de Batalla
Practical case. suggestion of strategies
Write a title here
4. Write a great headline
2. Write a great headline
3. Write a great headline
1. Write a great headline
Show enthusiasm! Take a deep breath and tell what you came to say.
Through an outline, to tell everything in an orderly way.
With calm and conciseness. Synthesize the content.
With a smile. This will make empathy awaken and help you create a special connection.
Case study. reference content
Data
Background
Write a great subtitle here to provide context
Need more reasons to create dynamic content? Well: 90% of the information we assimilate comes through sight, and we retain 42% more information when the content moves.
+Info
+Info
+50
+40
+60
A great title
A great title
A great title
Use images in your presentation
References
Bibliography
+Info
+Info
Webography
+Info
+Info
Practical case. reference content
WORK MATERIAL
2. Present your genially...
1. Present your genially...
Through a scheme, to tell everything in an orderly way.
Maintaining eye contact with your audience. 'The eyes, chico'.
4. Present your genially...
3. Present your genially...
After practicing a lot. The best improvisation is the one that is worked on!
Show enthusiasm! Take a deep breath and tell what you've come to say.
Case study. criteria for decision making
Animate your content and take it to the next level
1. Give your creations a WOW effect with animation! 2. 50% of the brain processes visual stimuli.
5. Turn numbers into stories with infographics. 6. Follow the evolution of your content for decades.
3. A multimedia format is ideal for successful communication. 4. Create WOW content thanks to animation.
Include infographics in your creations
Write a great headline
With Genially templates, you can include visual resources to leave your audience amazed. Also, highlight a specific phrase or data that remains etched in the memory of your audience and even embed external content that surprises: videos, photos, audios... Whatever you want!
Bring your creation's elements to life with animation. It's impossible not to pay attention to moving content!
+Info
+Info
Got an idea?
Use this space to add some awesome interactivity. Include text, images, videos, tables, PDFs... even interactive questions! Premium tip: Get insights on how your audience interacts.
A great title
When we are told a story, it excites us, it can even move us, making us remember the stories up to 20 times more than any other content we may consume.
Write a great headline
20XX
20XX
20XX
Subtitle here
Subtitle here
Subtitle here
20XX
20XX
Subtitle here
Subtitle here
20XX
Include infographics in your creations
Plan
Disciplines such as Visual Thinking facilitate visually rich note-taking thanks to the use of images, graphics, infographics, and simple drawings.
20XX
Structure
20XX
Design
20XX
Communicate
Share your idea with an image
Our brain is biologically prepared to process visual content. Almost 50% of our brain is involved in processing visual stimuli.
'With Genially, you can download your creation in MP4 and level up.'
Save time and concepts are fixed in the minds of your audience.
Do you feel like your text is still missing something? Add animation to captivate your audience.
webgraphy
Website name
Website name
website name
website name
website name
Name
Name
Name
a great title
We tell thousands and thousands of stories. ⅔ of our conversations are stories.
2. narrative beings
We are able to understand images from millions of years ago, even from other cultures.
1. We are visual beings
Visual content is a transversal, universal language, like music. We are able to understand images from millions of years ago, even from other cultures.
Pose a dramatic question; it's the essential ingredient to keep the audience's attention. It's usually posed subliminally at the beginning of the story to intrigue the audience and is resolved at the end.
'A presentation is NOT WOW when it's boring and you see drowsiness taking over your audience because no one has understood anything.'
A great title
We are in the era of the digital information explosion. This causes our way of obtaining information to have changed, we have moved from traditional reading to a cognitive strategy based on navigation.
Share your idea with an image
You can use the photograph, gif, or illustration you want to enhance the multimedia content.
Did you know that in addition to taking advantage of our resources, you can add the visual elements you want to complement the information? Try it from the Image or Resources menus!
Here you can put a highlighted title
Write a great text by clicking on Text in the left sidebar. Note: fonts, size, and color should suit the theme you are addressing.
A great title
When carrying out a presentation, two objectives must be pursued: conveying information and avoiding boredom. It may be a good practice to create an outline and use words that will be etched into the minds of your audience.
Write a great title here
Write a great text, by clicking on Text in the left sidebar. Note: fonts, size, and color should fit the theme you are addressing.
Write a great headline
82%+ engagement
82%
A relevant achievement
50%
A great title
Our brain is wired, from a biological standpoint, to process visual content. Almost 50% of our brain is involved in processing visual stimuli.
A great title
We better capture visual content. Visual content is associated with cognitive and psychological mechanisms. Things come in through the eyes, the first image is what counts. We associate visual content with emotions.
bibliography
Book title - author
Book title - Author
Brief description
Brief description
Book title - author
Book title - Author
Brief description
Brief description
Book title - author
Book title - author
Brief description
Brief description
Book title - author
Book title - author
Brief description
Brief description