Unit 3 - Materials 2ºEP

Unit 3

Materials

índEX

6- HOW CAN WE SEPARATE MIXTURES?

1- WHAT IS MATTER

7- THERMAL ENERGY

2- PHYSICAL CHANGES

8- CONDUCTORS & INSULATORS

3- CHEMICAL CHANGES

9- SAVING ENERGY

4- PURE SUBSTANCES

5- MIXTURES

WHAT are materials?

Materials

• Brick: houses
• Plastic: balls
• Wood: pencil
• Paper: books
• Glass: windows
• Cotton: T-Shirt
• Metal: radiator

Everything we use to make objects that do different things, are materials

Practice

What is the door made of?

What are the boots made of?

What is the wall made of?

The boots are made of plastic

The door is made of glass

The wall is made of bricks

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What is the book made of?

The book ia made of paper

What is the table made of?

What is the radiator made of?

The radiator is made of metal

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The table is made of wood

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What are materials like?

• They can

or

We use materials for many things. They have different properties

• They can be

or

• They can be

or

• They can be

or

What are materials like?

• They can FLOAT

or SINK

or WATERPROOF

• They can be ABSORBENT

or ROUGH

• They can be SMOOTH

• They can be HARD

or SOFT

IS IT A MIXTURE?

Materials come from pure substances or mixtures.

• Pure substance:

It's only made of one thing

• Mixture:

It's made of more than one thing.Homogeneous mixtures: we cannot see the different ingredients. Heterogeneous mixture: we can see the different ingredients.

Pure substances

Pure substances are forms of matter with one type of particle. Gold, salt, water, diamond, oxygen... are pure substances

mixtures

Mixtures are forms of matter with two or more types of particles There are different types of mixtures.

Solution

Heterogeneous mixtures

Homogeneous mixtures

It's a type of homogeneous mixture. One component dissolves in liquid.

EXTRA INFO

We can't see the different particles.

We can see the different particles.

How can we separate mixtures?

SIEVING

FILTRATION

EVAPORATION

DISTILLATION

THERMAL ENERGY

Heat is thermal energy that flows through matter. When objects get thermal energy, they heat up. (They are hot). When objects don't get thermal energy, they cool down. (they start getting cold).

Thermal conductors

Thermal insulators

Materials can be

cONDUCTORS & INSULATORS

• These materials can transfer thermal energy (heat) very well.
• Many metals are good conductors: aluminium, steel, copper and gold.

THERMAL CONDUCTORS

• These materials can't transfer thermal energy very well.
• Wood, plastic, glass, rubber, wool and cotton are good insulators.

THERMAL INSULATORS

We use thermometers to measure temperature

SAVING ENERGY

We use energy for many things everyday: play videogames, cook, turn on the lights, wash our clothes... Energy can come from two different sources:

NON-RENEWABLE SOURCES

RENEWABLE SOURCES

It's important to save energy at home, at school, when we travel...

Recycle

Put on a sweater if you feel cold

Turn off the lighst

Use public transport or walk to school

Close the fridge

Take short showers

We use a filter to separate a mixture of liquids and solids. For example: water and stones.

We use distillation to separate a mixture of two different liquids. For example: water and alcohol.

We use a sieve to separate a mixture of two solids of different size. For example: sand and pebbles or stones.

We use a evaporation to separate a solution of a solid and a liquid.

For example: water and salt.

Coffee

Vinegar

Steel

Soft drinks

Soap