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Highly Modified: Rocks and Minerals

Teaching and Learning

Created on November 4, 2025

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Transcript

Rocks

Granite
Sandstone
Marble

Minerals

Hornblende
Olivine
Quartz

Attributions

EDUROCK – EDUCATIONAL VIRTUAL ROCK COLLECTIONproFollow. “Hornblende - Download Free 3D Model by EDUROCK – Educational Virtual Rock Collection (@EDUROCK_AALTO).” Sketchfab, 1965, sketchfab.com/3d-models/hornblende-7206115d0c87479b8e4a16c2e4886821. Accessed 10 May 2024.

EDUROCK – EDUCATIONAL VIRTUAL ROCK COLLECTIONproFollow. “Marble - Download Free 3D Model by EDUROCK – Educational Virtual Rock Collection (@EDUROCK_AALTO).” Sketchfab, 1966, sketchfab.com/3d-models/marble-3e6a621e4b084e44b78e71e9eabfad99. Accessed 10 May 2024.

EDUROCK – EDUCATIONAL VIRTUAL ROCK COLLECTIONproFollow. “Olivine - Download Free 3D Model by EDUROCK – Educational Virtual Rock Collection (@EDUROCK_AALTO).” Sketchfab, 1966, sketchfab.com/3d-models/olivine-b978775d10c94646b8a3267094c24f45. Accessed 10 May 2024.

EDUROCK – EDUCATIONAL VIRTUAL ROCK COLLECTIONproFollow. “Quartz - Download Free 3D Model by EDUROCK – Educational Virtual Rock Collection (@EDUROCK_AALTO).” Sketchfab, 1965, sketchfab.com/3d-models/quartz-40dbf45ad43b485fa9188a5507e8fed4. Accessed 10 May 2024.

EDUROCK – EDUCATIONAL VIRTUAL ROCK COLLECTIONproFollow. “Sandstone - Download Free 3D Model by EDUROCK – Educational Virtual Rock Collection (@EDUROCK_AALTO).” Sketchfab, 1965, sketchfab.com/3d-models/sandstone-c7c36cc003c348f3ba68ff47e4b907fa. Accessed 10 May 2024.

MuseumFollow, Rutgers University Geology. “Conglomerate - 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum (@rugeomuseum).” Sketchfab, 1967, sketchfab.com/3d-models/conglomerate-bb47b0166afc472ea3318fe0be4e3c54#embed. Accessed 10 May 2024.

MuseumFollow, Rutgers University Geology. “Basalt - 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum (@rugeomuseum).” Sketchfab, 1967, sketchfab.com/3d-models/basalt-e55deb6e52814de0b8f27a5fa6bbd958#embed. Accessed 10 May 2024.

MuseumFollow, Rutgers University Geology. “Feldspar - 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum (@rugeomuseum).” Sketchfab, 1967, sketchfab.com/3d-models/feldspar-5534dde83a1a4e038deefce18962dc12#embed. Accessed 10 May 2024.

MuseumFollow, Rutgers University Geology. “Flourite - 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum (@rugeomuseum).” Sketchfab, 1967, sketchfab.com/3d-models/flourite-61b7f40582534942b63722db4c7e441a#embed. Accessed 10 May 2024.

MuseumFollow, Rutgers University Geology. “Gneiss - 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum (@rugeomuseum).” Sketchfab, 1967, sketchfab.com/3d-models/gneiss-95d5d700507f446184114d08b9ccdb14#embed. Accessed 10 May 2024.

MuseumFollow, Rutgers University Geology. “Granite - 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum (@rugeomuseum).” Sketchfab, 1967, sketchfab.com/3d-models/granite-121808e411c94fff8022c9a186298c3a#embed. Accessed 10 May 2024.

MuseumFollow, Rutgers University Geology. “Muscovite - 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum (@rugeomuseum).” Sketchfab, 1967, sketchfab.com/3d-models/muscovite-31498363ff794c2e8685d54a81327f10#embed. Accessed 10 May 2024.

Back

Marble is formed when limestone is exposed to intense heat and pressure over long periods of time. This process, called metamorphism, causes the calcite in the limestone to recrystallize, creating a denser rock with a distinctive crystalline texture and smooth appearance.

Sandstone is formed when layers of sand are compacted and cemented together over time. Minerals like quartz or calcite bind the sand grains, creating a solid sedimentary rock.

Granite is formed when magma cools and solidifies slowly beneath the Earth’s surface. This slow cooling allows large crystals of minerals like quartz, feldspar, and mica to form, giving granite its coarse, speckled texture.

Watch the video to learn how to identify the specific characteristics of minerals.