Cecil Reynolds

"Test Bias: in God We Trust; All Others Must Have Data"

Early Life & Education

Assessments

Career

Some of Reynolds' most notable psychological tests

1. BASC

Baseball Player

New York Mets

1969 - 1974

University of Nebraska - Lincoln

1978 - 1981

2. RIAS

3. TOMAL

B.A. in Psychology

UNC at Wilmington

1975

Texas A&M University

1981 - 2008

M.Ed. in Psychometrics

University of Georgia

1976

Impact

H-index: 72

RIAS, Comprehensive Trailmaking Test pioneered the modern validity framework

Cecil Reynolds

Ed.S. in School Psychology

University of Georgia

1977

Other leadership roles

Two most cited articles in their journals: assessing anxiety (1978) and learning disability measurement (1984).

Ph.D. in Educational Psychology

University of Georgia

1978

Renowned educational neuropsychologist

Family

References

Behavior Assessment System for Children, third edition (BASC-3). (n.d.). In BASC-3 [Book]. https://www.pearsonassessments.com/content/dam/school/global/clinical/us/assets/basc-3/basc-3-brochure.pdf Brueggemann, A. E., Reynolds, C. R., & Kamphaus, R. (2006). The Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS) and Assessment of Intellectual Giftedness. Gifted Education International, 21(2–3), 127–136. https://doi.org/10.1177/026142940602100305 Largest one-time, future gift in Texas Athletics history. (n.d.). University of Texas Athletics. Retrieved November 3, 2025, from https://texaslonghorns.com/news/2018/1/11/longhorn-foundation-largest-one-time-gift-in-texas-athletics-history Obituary for Daphne D. Reynolds at Market Street Chapel. (n.d.). https://www.andrewsmortuary.com/obituary/5132878 Reynolds, C. R. (n.d.). An Interview with Cecil Reynolds about the RIAS-2—Document—Gale Academic OneFile. Retrieved November 3, 2025, from https://go-gale-com.ezproxy.gc.cuny.edu/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=cuny_gradctr&id=GALE%7CA576378122&v=2.1&it=r&aty=ip Reynolds, C. R. (n.d.). VITA. https://thebrainproject.org/wp-content/uploads/medical_committee/CecilReynolds_Neuroscience.pdf (RIAS™-2) Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales, Second Edition. (n.d.). Retrieved November 3, 2025, from https://www.wpspublish.com/rias-2-reynolds-intellectual-assessment-scales-second-edition.html Schmitt, A. J., & Decker, S. L. (2009). Test Reviews: Reynolds, C., & Voress, J. K. (2007). Test of Memory and Learning: Second Edition. Austin, TX: PRO-ED. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 27(2), 157–166. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282908322449 Ramsay, M. C., Reynolds, C. R., & Kamphaus, R. W. (2002). The Behavior Assessment System for Children. In Essentials of behavioral assessment (pp. 53–92). John Wiley & Sons. Wikipedia contributors. (2025, July 23). Cecil R. Reynolds. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecil_R._Reynolds

RIAS - Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales

Age range: 3-94 years Purpose: Provides a comprehensive and cost-effective assessment of intelligence and memory Administration time: ~30 minutes, compared to 90 minutes for the Stanford-Binet IQ test Often used in: identifying intellectual strengths and weaknesses; special education; assess cognitive function or decline

8 subtests

Non-verbal intelligence Index (NIX)

Verbal intelligence Index (VIX)

Memory Index

Non-verbal

Verbal Reasoning

Verbal

Odd-Item Out

What's Missing

Guess What

University of Nebraska - Lincoln

1978 - 1981

• First academic position
• Wrote grants to bring the Buros Institute (now the Buros Center for Testing) to the university.
• Served as acting director of the Buros Institute during the 1979–1980 search for a permanent director and as associate director in 1980–1981.
• Taught courses in psychological testing, diagnosis, and neuropsychology, and supervised clinical practica in testing and assessment.
• In 2006, named Buros Institute Distinguished Reviewer of the Year.
• Left Nebraska due to harsh winters

Texas A&M University

1981 - 2008

• Joined as a professor of educational psychology, neuroscience, and distinguished research scholar.
• Taught and conducted research in psychology and neuropsychology until retirement on July 31, 2008.
• Honored as professor emeritus by TAMU’s board of regents in September 2008.
• Currently practices forensic neuroscience in Austin, Texas, and continues work in test development.

BASC - Behavior Assessment System for Children

• Three components: self-report (8-18yo), teacher's and parents' ratings (2.5-18yo)
• Can be used for clinical diagnosis, educational classification, origin of behavior determination, program evaluation and forensic evaluation
• Has great predictive validity in Korean sample (Baek et al., 2024)

TOMAL - Test of Memory and Learning

Age Range: 5–59 years Purpose: Comprehensive assessment of memory and learning abilities, incl. verbal, nonverbal, and composite memory functions. Administration Time: 30–60 minutes (core subtests only ~30–40 min). Often used in: neuropsychological evaluations; learning disability assessments; ADHD and traumatic brain injury (TBI) evaluations; and educational and clinical contexts

Other leadership roles

• Diplomate in clinical neuropsychology (American Board of Professional Neuropsychology) and pediatric neuropsychology (American Board of Pediatric Neuropsychology), both of which he served as past president.

• Former diplomate in school psychology (retired 2004).

• Fellow of APA Divisions 1, 5, 15, 16, 40, and 53.
• Journal editor for more than 23 years across 4 major journals (Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, Applied Neuropsychology, Psychological Assessment, Archives of Scientific Psychology)

• Maintained a clinical practice for over 25 years, primarily treating children who had been sexually assaulted and individuals with traumatic brain injury.

Ph.D. in Education Psychology

University of Geogia

1978

Thesis: Differential Validity of Several Preschool Assessment Instruments for Blacks, Whites, Males, and FemalesMentored by two leading figures in psychology:

• Alan S. Kaufman, a pioneer in intelligence testing (known for the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children).

• Ellis Paul Torrance, renowned researcher in creativity.

Completed an internship at the Medical College of Georgia, mentored by Lawrence Hartlage -> growing interest in neuropsychology.

Family background

Daphne D. Reynolds 1929 - 2013

Cecil C. Reynolds ? - 1988

Cecil R. Reynolds 1952 -

Aaron C. Reynolds

Julia Hickman

Christopher

Baseball Player

New York Mets

1969 - 1974

• Declined a Presidential appointment to the U.S. Naval Academy (Richard Nixon)
• Drafted by the New York Mets
• Played minor league baseball, made three all-star teams
• Career ended by injury in spring training 1974