COURSE N°2
SIMPLE tenses
REVISION
Present simple
Form Subject + base verb (+ -s / -es with he/she/it)
Uses 1. Habits and routines I get up at 7 o’clock every day. 2. Permanent situations / general truths Water boils at 100°C. 3. Schedules and timetables (future meaning) The train leaves at 6 p.m. ⚠️ Verbs ending in -ch, -sh, -x, -s, -o → add -es (go → goes, watch → watches) ⚠️Verbs ending in consonant + y → change y → ies (study → studies)
TIME MARKERSalways /usually/often/ sometimes/ neverevery day / week / year on Mondays / at the weekend in the morning / at night
The Future
Form Subject + will + base verb
TIME MARKERStomorrow, next week, soon, later, in 2026, I think, probably
Uses 1. Predictions (what we think will happen) It will rain tomorrow. 2. Decisions made at the moment of speaking I’m tired — I’ll go to bed now. 3. Promises / offers I’ll help you. /Will you come with me?
The PAST SIMPLE
Form (regular) Subject + base verb + -ed
Uses 1. Completed actions in the past watched a movie yesterday. 2. Past habits or repeated actions (no longer true) When I was a child, I played outside every day. 3. Past facts or states The shop was open in 1990. ⚠️ Verb ending in -e: add -d (live → lived) ⚠️ Verb ending in consonant + y: change y → -ied (study → studied) ⚠️One-syllable verbs ending in consonant-vowel-consonant: double the final consonant (stop → stopped)
TIME MARKERSyesterday, last (night week, month), ago, in 1990, in May, once, this morning (if the morning is finished)
The IRREGULAR VERBS
Base verb Past simple base verb past simple be was/ were have had go went do did get got make made say sais see saw take took come come know knew think thought tell told find found give gave leave left feel felt put put bring brought become became
written comprehension
Mom: Hello Mario, are you all right? I got a call from school. Mario: Hey Mom, I fell on the playground, but I’m good, don’t worry. Mom: Where are you now? Mario: Home. Mom: Okay. There’s food in the fridge and paracetamol if it hurts. Mario: Okay, thank you, Mom! Mom: Take care, see you later. Mario: See you, Mom. I think I’ll take a nap, my knee hurts a little. Mom: Good idea. Put some ice on it, it will help. Mario: Okay, I’ll do that. When are you coming home? Mom: Around six, I just have a few things to finish at work. Mario: All right. Can we have pizza tonight? Mom: (laughs) We’ll see! If you rest and feel better, maybe. Mario: Deal! See you later, Mom. Mom: Bye, sweetheart. Love you. Mario: Love you too!
Jack: Hello, madam. This is Jack from Jack and Son’s Garage. I’m calling to inform you that your car will be ready by tomorrow afternoon. Maria: Hello, sir. Thank you so much for the quick repair. Can I send my daughter instead? I’ll be busy tomorrow. Jack: No problem, madam. She can come around 7 p.m. to pick it up. Maria: Great, thank you very much. Will she need to bring anything? Jack: Just the payment receipt or an ID card, please. That will be enough. Maria: Perfect, I’ll give them to her. By the way, was there anything serious with the car? Jack: Nothing major, madam. We replaced the brake pads and changed the oil. Everything is working perfectly now. Maria: That’s a relief. Thank you for your excellent service. Jack: You’re very welcome, madam. It’s always a pleasure to help. Maria: Have a nice evening, Mr. Jack. Jack: You too, madam. Goodbye! Maria: Goodbye!
formal/ informal
Aspect / Category Purpose / Situation Tone / Style Sentences Grammar & Vocabulary Contractions Abbreviations Voice Exclamation Marks Imperatives
Formal Language Professional, academic, or official settings Polite, respectful, serious Full and complete Correct and precise ❌ No contractions (e.g. I would)* ❌ Avoided (e.g. as soon as possible) Often passive (e.g. The report was completed.) ❌ Rarely used ❌ Avoided
Informal Language Everyday conversation, with friends or family Friendly, relaxed, casual Often short and simple May use simpler or less formal words ✅ Contractions (e.g. I’d) ✅ Common (e.g. ASAP) Often active (e.g. I completed the report.) ✅ Used for emphasis (e.g. That’s great!) ✅ Common (e.g. Finish your work!)
Aspect / Category Purpose / Situation Tone / Style Sentences Grammar & Vocabulary Contractions Abbreviations Voice Exclamation Marks Imperatives
Formal Language Professional, academic, or official settings Polite, respectful, serious Full and complete Correct and precise ❌ No contractions (e.g. I would)* ❌ Avoided (e.g. as soon as possible) Often passive (e.g. The report was completed.) ❌ Rarely used ❌ Avoided
Informal Language Everyday conversation, with friends or family Friendly, relaxed, casual Often short and simple May use simpler or less formal words ✅ Contractions (e.g. I’d) ✅ Common (e.g. ASAP) Often active (e.g. I completed the report.) ✅ Used for emphasis (e.g. That’s great!) ✅ Common (e.g. Finish your work!)
written expression
In pairs, imagine and act out a telephone conversation between a customer and a manager. (Each student should speak at least 4–5 lines). G1 Restaurant: Asking for information about the ingredients in a dish. G2 Car Rental: Asking for details about renting a car. G3 Hotel: Booking a room and asking if pets are allowed. G4 Airport: You missed your flight — asking about the possibility of another flight. G5 Supermarket: Asking about specific products
ENGLISH PART 01
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Transcript
COURSE N°2
SIMPLE tenses
REVISION
Present simple
Form Subject + base verb (+ -s / -es with he/she/it)
Uses 1. Habits and routines I get up at 7 o’clock every day. 2. Permanent situations / general truths Water boils at 100°C. 3. Schedules and timetables (future meaning) The train leaves at 6 p.m. ⚠️ Verbs ending in -ch, -sh, -x, -s, -o → add -es (go → goes, watch → watches) ⚠️Verbs ending in consonant + y → change y → ies (study → studies)
TIME MARKERSalways /usually/often/ sometimes/ neverevery day / week / year on Mondays / at the weekend in the morning / at night
The Future
Form Subject + will + base verb
TIME MARKERStomorrow, next week, soon, later, in 2026, I think, probably
Uses 1. Predictions (what we think will happen) It will rain tomorrow. 2. Decisions made at the moment of speaking I’m tired — I’ll go to bed now. 3. Promises / offers I’ll help you. /Will you come with me?
The PAST SIMPLE
Form (regular) Subject + base verb + -ed
Uses 1. Completed actions in the past watched a movie yesterday. 2. Past habits or repeated actions (no longer true) When I was a child, I played outside every day. 3. Past facts or states The shop was open in 1990. ⚠️ Verb ending in -e: add -d (live → lived) ⚠️ Verb ending in consonant + y: change y → -ied (study → studied) ⚠️One-syllable verbs ending in consonant-vowel-consonant: double the final consonant (stop → stopped)
TIME MARKERSyesterday, last (night week, month), ago, in 1990, in May, once, this morning (if the morning is finished)
The IRREGULAR VERBS
Base verb Past simple base verb past simple be was/ were have had go went do did get got make made say sais see saw take took come come know knew think thought tell told find found give gave leave left feel felt put put bring brought become became
written comprehension
Mom: Hello Mario, are you all right? I got a call from school. Mario: Hey Mom, I fell on the playground, but I’m good, don’t worry. Mom: Where are you now? Mario: Home. Mom: Okay. There’s food in the fridge and paracetamol if it hurts. Mario: Okay, thank you, Mom! Mom: Take care, see you later. Mario: See you, Mom. I think I’ll take a nap, my knee hurts a little. Mom: Good idea. Put some ice on it, it will help. Mario: Okay, I’ll do that. When are you coming home? Mom: Around six, I just have a few things to finish at work. Mario: All right. Can we have pizza tonight? Mom: (laughs) We’ll see! If you rest and feel better, maybe. Mario: Deal! See you later, Mom. Mom: Bye, sweetheart. Love you. Mario: Love you too!
Jack: Hello, madam. This is Jack from Jack and Son’s Garage. I’m calling to inform you that your car will be ready by tomorrow afternoon. Maria: Hello, sir. Thank you so much for the quick repair. Can I send my daughter instead? I’ll be busy tomorrow. Jack: No problem, madam. She can come around 7 p.m. to pick it up. Maria: Great, thank you very much. Will she need to bring anything? Jack: Just the payment receipt or an ID card, please. That will be enough. Maria: Perfect, I’ll give them to her. By the way, was there anything serious with the car? Jack: Nothing major, madam. We replaced the brake pads and changed the oil. Everything is working perfectly now. Maria: That’s a relief. Thank you for your excellent service. Jack: You’re very welcome, madam. It’s always a pleasure to help. Maria: Have a nice evening, Mr. Jack. Jack: You too, madam. Goodbye! Maria: Goodbye!
formal/ informal
Aspect / Category Purpose / Situation Tone / Style Sentences Grammar & Vocabulary Contractions Abbreviations Voice Exclamation Marks Imperatives
Formal Language Professional, academic, or official settings Polite, respectful, serious Full and complete Correct and precise ❌ No contractions (e.g. I would)* ❌ Avoided (e.g. as soon as possible) Often passive (e.g. The report was completed.) ❌ Rarely used ❌ Avoided
Informal Language Everyday conversation, with friends or family Friendly, relaxed, casual Often short and simple May use simpler or less formal words ✅ Contractions (e.g. I’d) ✅ Common (e.g. ASAP) Often active (e.g. I completed the report.) ✅ Used for emphasis (e.g. That’s great!) ✅ Common (e.g. Finish your work!)
Aspect / Category Purpose / Situation Tone / Style Sentences Grammar & Vocabulary Contractions Abbreviations Voice Exclamation Marks Imperatives
Formal Language Professional, academic, or official settings Polite, respectful, serious Full and complete Correct and precise ❌ No contractions (e.g. I would)* ❌ Avoided (e.g. as soon as possible) Often passive (e.g. The report was completed.) ❌ Rarely used ❌ Avoided
Informal Language Everyday conversation, with friends or family Friendly, relaxed, casual Often short and simple May use simpler or less formal words ✅ Contractions (e.g. I’d) ✅ Common (e.g. ASAP) Often active (e.g. I completed the report.) ✅ Used for emphasis (e.g. That’s great!) ✅ Common (e.g. Finish your work!)
written expression
In pairs, imagine and act out a telephone conversation between a customer and a manager. (Each student should speak at least 4–5 lines). G1 Restaurant: Asking for information about the ingredients in a dish. G2 Car Rental: Asking for details about renting a car. G3 Hotel: Booking a room and asking if pets are allowed. G4 Airport: You missed your flight — asking about the possibility of another flight. G5 Supermarket: Asking about specific products