Introdução

morfofisiologia do sistema reprodutor feminino

Biologia 12º Gonçalo Vieira Nº6 29/10/2025

Escola básica e Secundária de Penalva Do Castelo

Índice

• Introdução
• Desenvolvimento

Morfologia Fisiologia

• Conclusão
• Referências

Introdução

• A morfofisiologia do sistema reprodutor feminino consiste no estudo integrado da estrutura anatómica (morfologia) e do funcionamento (fisiollgia) dos órgãos que compõem o aparelho reprodutor da mulher.
• Este sistema é essencial para a continuidade da espécie, desempenhando funções relacionadas com a produção dos gâmetas femininos, a fecundação, a gestação e o parto.

Morfofisiologia do sistema reprodutor feminino

Ovários

Grandes Lábios

Trompas de falópio

Orgãos externos(vulva)

Orgãos internos

Pequenos Lábios

Morfologia

Útero

Clítoris

Vagina

Fisiologia do sistema reprodutor feminino

Oogénese e ciclo ovárico

Fisiologia do sistema reprodutor feminino

Ciclo uterino

Conclusão

• O estudo da morfofisiologia do sistema reprodutor feminino permite compreender de forma integrada a estrutura e o funcionamento dos órgãos responsáveis pela reprodução, pelo ciclo menstrual e pela manutenção da espécie.
• Cada componente desempenha um papel essencial na produção dos gametas, na regulação hormonal e na preparação do organismo para uma possível gestação.
• Além disso, conhecer esses processos é fundamental para a promoção da saúde feminina, a prevenção de doenças e o entendimento das transformações fisiológicas que ocorrem ao longo da vida, como a puberdade, a gravidez e a menopausa.

FIM

Referências:

• Livro de biologia 12º
• Chatgpt

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Grandes Lábios

• Duas pregas de tecido, que envolvem e protegem os restantes orgãos da genitália feminina externa

Pequenos Lábios

• Duas pregas de tecido situadasmais intimamente do que os grandes lábios,protegendo a abertura da vagina.

Clitóris

• Orgão anatomicamente homólogo ao pénis,constituído por um tecido eréctil
• Funciona como foco sensurial na resposta sexual.

Ovários

• Gónadas com a mesma origem embrionária que os testículos e produzem as células germinativas e as hormonas sexuais
• Apresentam a zona medular, e a zona cortical.

Trompas de Falópio

• Estruturas tubulares ligadas ao útero e em contacto com os ovários através de fímbrias.
• Ocorre a fecundação, permitindo o transporte do zigoto e da mórula até ao útero.

Útero

• Orgão oco onde ocorre a gestação.
• A sua parede interna é fromada pelo endométrico e pelo miométrico.
• A parte do útero que contacta com a vagina denomina-se colo do útero(cérvix).

Vagina

• Órgão tubular musculoso que se estende desde o orifício vaginal até ao colo do útero.
• A abertura da vagina é parcialmente coberta pelo hímen, uma menmbrana que pode ser rompida no início da atividade sexual.

• O folículo primário contém o oócito I e produz estogénios.

• A parede do folículo vai espressando devido ao aumento do número de células.
• Froma-se uma cavidade onde se acumula um fluido rico em estrogénios.

• O folículo de Graaf corresponde à forma mais madura e cresce de forma rápida.
• A meiose I permite a formação de um oócito II e de um glóbulo polar.

• O folículo rompe, na ovulação, libertando o oócito II.

• Forma-se o corpo lúteo, a partir das células foliculares que permaneceram no ovário.
• Produz estrogénios e progesterona.

• Se não ocorreu uma gravidez, o corpo lúteo degenera.

Fase Prolifertiva

• 5-14
• Coincide com a fase folicular
• Dá-se a proliferação das células do endométrico, a vascularização e a formação de glândulas, em reposta aos estrogénios sintetizados nos ovários.

Fase Secretora

• 14-28
• Coincide com a fase luténica
• O endométrico atinge a vascularização e a espessura máximas
• O endométrico encontra-se preparado para suportar gravidez.

Fase Menstrual

• Se não ocorrer fecundação, o corpo lúteo regride, deixando de produzir estrogénios e progesterona
• O endométrico deixa de ser estimulado ocorrendo hemorragias
• O fluxp, constituído por sangue e restos de mucosa uterina, é expulso ao longo de aproximadamente 5 dias.