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Definitions of academic advising

Alexandra Fee

Created on October 28, 2025

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definitions compiled by Jenny Bloom, University of Illinois -- Urbana-Champaign

Definitions of academic advising

1972

1994

1982

1987

2008

American College Testing Program (ACT) National Center for the Advancement of Educational Practices

Creamer & Creamer Chickering

B.B. Crookston Terry O'Banion

Kuhn

Winston, Enders, & Miller

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  1. What similar themes do you see across the definitions?
  2. Which definition stood out to you, and why?
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Winston, Ender, & Miller (1982)

Academic advising is a developmental process:

  • Assists in clarifying life/career goals
  • Develops educational plans
  • Fosters decision-making process through collaborative communication
  • Advisor is the coordinator of learning experiences and career planning
  • Acts as an agent of referral to other campus units as necessary
Winston, Jr. R. B., Enders, S. C., & Miller, T. K. (Eds.) (March 1982). Developmental approaches to academic advising. New Directions for Student Services, 17.

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Creamer & Creamer (1994)

Chickering (1994)

Academic advising support students through:
  • Setting career and life goals
  • Building self-insight and self-esteem
  • Broadening interests
  • Establishing meaningful interpersonal relationships
  • Clarifying personal values and styles of life
  • Enhancing critical thinking and reasoning
Creamer, D. G. & Creamer, E. G. (1994). Practicing Developmental Advising: Theoretical Contexts and Functional Applications. NACADA Journal 14(2), 17-24.

Academic advising helps students:
  • Become effective agents of their own lifelong learning and personal development
  • Empower students to take charge of their own existence by asking them questions, sharing resources, help with long- and short-term decision making, and by sharing perspectives.
Chickering, A. W. (1994). Empowering lifelong self-development. NACADA Journal, 14 (2), 50-53.

Crookston (1972)

O'Banion (1972)

Academic Advising as a teaching exercise:

  • Facilitating rational processes
  • Fostering behavior awareness
  • Encouraging the development of problem-solving, decision-making, evaluation skills
  • Personal and vocational decision making
Crookston, B. B. (1972). A developmental view of academic advising as teaching.

Academic Advising supports students through:

  • Exploration of life goals
  • Exploration of vocational goals
  • Program choice
  • Course choice
  • Scheduling courses
O'Banion, Terry. (1972). An Academic Advising Model. Junior College Journal, volume 42 p. 62, 64, & 66-69. Reprinted with permission in the NACADA Journal 14(2), 10-16.

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ACT Corporation, 1987

Academic advising is

  • Collaborative relationship between student and advisor
  • Assists student in developing meaningful education goals consistent with their personal interests
  • Assists student in progressing toward degree
  • Encourages students to think critically, seek out resources, and develop action plans
David S. Crockett, Ed. (1987). Advising Skills, Techniques and Resources: A Compilation of Materials Related to the Organization and Delivery of Advising Services. Iowa City, Iowa. ACT Corporation.

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Kuhn (2008)

Academic advising: - Institutional representative who gives insight or direction to a college student about academic, social, or personal matter. - Advice can inform, suggest, counsel, discipline, coach, mentor, or teach Kuhn, T. (2008). Historical Foundations of Academic Advising. In Gordon, Habley and Grites. Academic Advising: A Comprehensive Campus Process. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

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