Evolution of Pedagogy & Andragogy
Allison Black & Nicolas Zebrowski INTC 5410-001: Adult Learning Dr. Amy Ackerman
ChatGPT assisted in organizing our research and providing resources for our project.
Read our transcript
4th Century BCE
5th Century BCE
1926
1833
1830s
Pedagogy
Pedagogy
Andragogy
Andragogy
Early Learning
At Aristotle’s Lyceum, learning was organized, teacher-directed, and aimed at shaping both the mind and the moral self.
Alexander Kapp introduces “andragogy” in Platon’s Erziehungslehre, describing methods for adult education
Johann Friedrich Herbart establishes pedagogy as a formal discipline, emphasizing moral and intellectual development.
Eduard C. Lindeman argues adult learning should be experience-based, relevant, and self-directed — a major precursor to Malcolm Knowles.
Socrates develops the socratic method, which encourages learning via reflection and reason.
"Question everything"
"No great mind has ever existed without a touch of madness"
Learn more about Socrates
Learn More about Kapp
Learn More about Lindeman
Learn More about Herbart
Learn More about Aristotle
Evolution of Pedagogy & Andragogy
1950s
1990s
1981
1950
1938
1968
Pedagogy & Andragogy
Pedagogy
Andragogy
Andragogy
Andragogy
Septima Poinsette Clark, “Mother of the Civil Rights Movement," created Citizenship Schools that taught literacy, leadership, and empowerment to adults in the Jim Crow South.
K. Patricia Cross publishes Adults as Learners, shaping continuing education and distance learning
Jean Piaget studies how children construct knowledge through developmental stages — a foundation of modern pedagogy.
John Dewey promotes experiential, democratic learning — a bridge between pedagogy and andragogy
Peter Jarvis views adult learning as continuous, shaped by social context and experience.
while, separately, Jack Mezirow introduces Transformative Learning Theory.
Learn more about Clark
Learn more about Jarvis
Learn more about Piaget
Learn more about Dewey
Listen
Evolution of Pedagogy & Andragogy
Today
Valerie Storey and Amiee Wagner publish Andragogy in the Age of AI, arguing that adult education has entered a new “transformational stage.” Generative AI and immersive technologies now personalize and democratize learning, but raise ethical and humanistic concerns. Educators are challenged to preserve self-directed, reflective, and equitable learning amid algorithmic influence.
Learn More
Hear from Septima Poinsette Clark!
Script generated with the assistance of ChatGPT, AI Voice provided by elevenlabs, and animation is courtesy of Blabberize.
Andragogy
Malcolm Knowles
Knowles introduces andragogy to U.S. audiences, emphasizing self-concept, experience, and readiness to learn. Andragogy becomes the all-encompassing term for adult learning in the United States.
Learn more about Knowles
Evolution of Pedagogy & Andragogy
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Transcript
Evolution of Pedagogy & Andragogy
Allison Black & Nicolas Zebrowski INTC 5410-001: Adult Learning Dr. Amy Ackerman
ChatGPT assisted in organizing our research and providing resources for our project.
Read our transcript
4th Century BCE
5th Century BCE
1926
1833
1830s
Pedagogy
Pedagogy
Andragogy
Andragogy
Early Learning
At Aristotle’s Lyceum, learning was organized, teacher-directed, and aimed at shaping both the mind and the moral self.
Alexander Kapp introduces “andragogy” in Platon’s Erziehungslehre, describing methods for adult education
Johann Friedrich Herbart establishes pedagogy as a formal discipline, emphasizing moral and intellectual development.
Eduard C. Lindeman argues adult learning should be experience-based, relevant, and self-directed — a major precursor to Malcolm Knowles.
Socrates develops the socratic method, which encourages learning via reflection and reason.
"Question everything"
"No great mind has ever existed without a touch of madness"
Learn more about Socrates
Learn More about Kapp
Learn More about Lindeman
Learn More about Herbart
Learn More about Aristotle
Evolution of Pedagogy & Andragogy
1950s
1990s
1981
1950
1938
1968
Pedagogy & Andragogy
Pedagogy
Andragogy
Andragogy
Andragogy
Septima Poinsette Clark, “Mother of the Civil Rights Movement," created Citizenship Schools that taught literacy, leadership, and empowerment to adults in the Jim Crow South.
K. Patricia Cross publishes Adults as Learners, shaping continuing education and distance learning
Jean Piaget studies how children construct knowledge through developmental stages — a foundation of modern pedagogy.
John Dewey promotes experiential, democratic learning — a bridge between pedagogy and andragogy
Peter Jarvis views adult learning as continuous, shaped by social context and experience.
while, separately, Jack Mezirow introduces Transformative Learning Theory.
Learn more about Clark
Learn more about Jarvis
Learn more about Piaget
Learn more about Dewey
Listen
Evolution of Pedagogy & Andragogy
Today
Valerie Storey and Amiee Wagner publish Andragogy in the Age of AI, arguing that adult education has entered a new “transformational stage.” Generative AI and immersive technologies now personalize and democratize learning, but raise ethical and humanistic concerns. Educators are challenged to preserve self-directed, reflective, and equitable learning amid algorithmic influence.
Learn More
Hear from Septima Poinsette Clark!
Script generated with the assistance of ChatGPT, AI Voice provided by elevenlabs, and animation is courtesy of Blabberize.
Andragogy
Malcolm Knowles
Knowles introduces andragogy to U.S. audiences, emphasizing self-concept, experience, and readiness to learn. Andragogy becomes the all-encompassing term for adult learning in the United States.
Learn more about Knowles