Inside the Laboratory
By: Lindsey Towery
Hematology
Hematology is the study of blood and blood disorders.
Urinalysis
Microscopic and chemical analysis of urine
Federal employment drug screen for recreational drug use Quick testing for RBC, WBC, glucose, bilirubin, specific gravity, protein, PH, nitrites Microscopic exmination of urine helps to confirm the reagent strip test and look for any other abnormalies such as crystals, casts, confirm WBC/RBC findings, bacteria visualization, parasites, yeast and sperm.
Common types of test:Drug Urine Screen Reagent Strip Test (POCT) Microscopic Examination of Urine
The reagent strip test can be read by an automated reader, such as the Clinitek 50 chemistry analyzer. Urine can also be run on an automated machine to perform the microscopic exam, like the Clinitek 500 urine chemistry analyzer. New technology makes running samples faster with automated machines making turn around times for stat requests more efficent and cost effective.
Clinical Chemistry
Clinical chemistry analyzes internal organ functions and hormones of the body
Microbiology
antibiotic susceptability testing is used to identify the bacteria present and what antibiotic will work best to treat the patient Humans are hosts for many microorganisms, treating and finding the correct organism and treating is important for overall health of the patient, especially immune compromised individuals Microspic examination with gram stained slides helps to identify the nature of the bacteria whether gram negative or positive and provides visualization of the shape of the bacteria
Microbiology is the study of microorganisms in the body
antibiotic suseptability testing using agar plates assay tests for parasites and bacteria Microsopic gram stain of patient samples
Microbiology uses a wide range of testing types, and microscopic visualization of samples is important for the identification of organisms. Assay tests are available for some parasites like giardia. An incubator and agar tests of several varieties are used to grow and visualize bacteria/virus/mold/yeast from patient samples.
importnace
testing
Immunolgy/Serology
Common tests performedANA panel or screen Immunoglobin test for: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgA, IgE CD4 testing
Ummunology is the study of the immune system and how it defends itself from foreign invaders. Serology refers to the study and testing of serum and the antigen/antibody relationship.
Blood Bank
A blood bank manages and tests blood and blood products inteded for infusion to make sure they are safe to be given.
Info
The blood bank plays an important role in emergency medicine and surgery. When a patient comes in with extensive blood loss from a bullet wound, blood replacement is necessary to prevent shock leading to possible death.
Coagulation
Study blood and clotting factors and disease processes that cause clotting to be inhibited.
Tests are perfomed to look for herediatary issues that cause inhibition of clotting, monitor medication effectiveness, and look for spontaneous reasons the body may not be clotting like it should.
Common tests performed:Hemophilia testing Von Willebrands testing pt/ptt tests
Most tests are performed on a automated machine. Some tests are performed manually by test tube and visual inspection of the sample.
Works Cited
"What is clinical chemistry? - California Learning Resource Network." Clrn www.clrn.org/what-is-clinical-chemistry/. Accessed 10 October 2025.
Clinical Laboratory Hematology. Prentice Hall, 2004.
Clinical Laboratory Science- Concepts, Procedures, and Clinical Applications. Elsevier, 2023. "Immunology Laboratory: Introduction, List of Tests, Specimen,Test." Medicallabnotes medicallabnotes.com/immunology-laboratory-introduction-list-of-tests-specimentesting-method-and-keynotes/. Accessed 10 October 2025.
"Blood Banking | Johns Hopkins Medicine." Hopkinsmedicine www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/blood-banking. Accessed 10 October 2025.
"Access denied." Freepik www.freepik.com/free-photo/scientist-with-lab-glassware-mixes-colorful-fluids-ingredients-gets-chemical-reaction-conducts-research-laboratory-wears-coat-protective-glasses-positive-health-care-researcher-clinic_19046150.htm. Accessed 10 October 2025. Urinalysis and Bodily Fluids. F. A. Davis Company, 2008.
POCT glucose testing- BG chemical analyzers for whole blood/plasma/serum
Instrusments
Electrolytes Glucose Lipids Enzymes Proteins
Common Tests
Testing in clinical chemistry is important for monitoring or diagnosing diseases of the body.
Importance
Basics of Hematology
Testing includes CBC, differential cell counts, ESR, PCV.
Importance of tests:identify infection diagnose anemia Detecting cancer of the blood cells
Tests are performed either by automated blood machine or microscopic examination of blood under the microscope.
Centrifuge and automated lab systems to test samples for ag/ab compenents as well as differnt virsues that may cause infection or reactions.
Instruments
Typed for ABO and Rh Viral infection testing Cross match
Common tests
Testing patient and sample blood for type and factors is critical for successful infusion and the life of the patient.
Importance
Immunology testing
flow cytometry ELISA tests fImmunoflourescence Chemiflourescense
The importance of these tests is to identify over or under production of the immune system. The human body reacacts for foreign invaders such as allergies, or can attack its self causing autoimmune disorers like Lupus, Multiple Sclerosis.
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Transcript
Inside the Laboratory
By: Lindsey Towery
Hematology
Hematology is the study of blood and blood disorders.
Urinalysis
Microscopic and chemical analysis of urine
Federal employment drug screen for recreational drug use Quick testing for RBC, WBC, glucose, bilirubin, specific gravity, protein, PH, nitrites Microscopic exmination of urine helps to confirm the reagent strip test and look for any other abnormalies such as crystals, casts, confirm WBC/RBC findings, bacteria visualization, parasites, yeast and sperm.
Common types of test:Drug Urine Screen Reagent Strip Test (POCT) Microscopic Examination of Urine
The reagent strip test can be read by an automated reader, such as the Clinitek 50 chemistry analyzer. Urine can also be run on an automated machine to perform the microscopic exam, like the Clinitek 500 urine chemistry analyzer. New technology makes running samples faster with automated machines making turn around times for stat requests more efficent and cost effective.
Clinical Chemistry
Clinical chemistry analyzes internal organ functions and hormones of the body
Microbiology
antibiotic susceptability testing is used to identify the bacteria present and what antibiotic will work best to treat the patient Humans are hosts for many microorganisms, treating and finding the correct organism and treating is important for overall health of the patient, especially immune compromised individuals Microspic examination with gram stained slides helps to identify the nature of the bacteria whether gram negative or positive and provides visualization of the shape of the bacteria
Microbiology is the study of microorganisms in the body
antibiotic suseptability testing using agar plates assay tests for parasites and bacteria Microsopic gram stain of patient samples
Microbiology uses a wide range of testing types, and microscopic visualization of samples is important for the identification of organisms. Assay tests are available for some parasites like giardia. An incubator and agar tests of several varieties are used to grow and visualize bacteria/virus/mold/yeast from patient samples.
importnace
testing
Immunolgy/Serology
Common tests performedANA panel or screen Immunoglobin test for: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgA, IgE CD4 testing
Ummunology is the study of the immune system and how it defends itself from foreign invaders. Serology refers to the study and testing of serum and the antigen/antibody relationship.
Blood Bank
A blood bank manages and tests blood and blood products inteded for infusion to make sure they are safe to be given.
Info
The blood bank plays an important role in emergency medicine and surgery. When a patient comes in with extensive blood loss from a bullet wound, blood replacement is necessary to prevent shock leading to possible death.
Coagulation
Study blood and clotting factors and disease processes that cause clotting to be inhibited.
Tests are perfomed to look for herediatary issues that cause inhibition of clotting, monitor medication effectiveness, and look for spontaneous reasons the body may not be clotting like it should.
Common tests performed:Hemophilia testing Von Willebrands testing pt/ptt tests
Most tests are performed on a automated machine. Some tests are performed manually by test tube and visual inspection of the sample.
Works Cited
"What is clinical chemistry? - California Learning Resource Network." Clrn www.clrn.org/what-is-clinical-chemistry/. Accessed 10 October 2025. Clinical Laboratory Hematology. Prentice Hall, 2004. Clinical Laboratory Science- Concepts, Procedures, and Clinical Applications. Elsevier, 2023. "Immunology Laboratory: Introduction, List of Tests, Specimen,Test." Medicallabnotes medicallabnotes.com/immunology-laboratory-introduction-list-of-tests-specimentesting-method-and-keynotes/. Accessed 10 October 2025. "Blood Banking | Johns Hopkins Medicine." Hopkinsmedicine www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/blood-banking. Accessed 10 October 2025. "Access denied." Freepik www.freepik.com/free-photo/scientist-with-lab-glassware-mixes-colorful-fluids-ingredients-gets-chemical-reaction-conducts-research-laboratory-wears-coat-protective-glasses-positive-health-care-researcher-clinic_19046150.htm. Accessed 10 October 2025. Urinalysis and Bodily Fluids. F. A. Davis Company, 2008.
POCT glucose testing- BG chemical analyzers for whole blood/plasma/serum
Instrusments
Electrolytes Glucose Lipids Enzymes Proteins
Common Tests
Testing in clinical chemistry is important for monitoring or diagnosing diseases of the body.
Importance
Basics of Hematology
Testing includes CBC, differential cell counts, ESR, PCV.
Importance of tests:identify infection diagnose anemia Detecting cancer of the blood cells
Tests are performed either by automated blood machine or microscopic examination of blood under the microscope.
Centrifuge and automated lab systems to test samples for ag/ab compenents as well as differnt virsues that may cause infection or reactions.
Instruments
Typed for ABO and Rh Viral infection testing Cross match
Common tests
Testing patient and sample blood for type and factors is critical for successful infusion and the life of the patient.
Importance
Immunology testing
flow cytometry ELISA tests fImmunoflourescence Chemiflourescense
The importance of these tests is to identify over or under production of the immune system. The human body reacacts for foreign invaders such as allergies, or can attack its self causing autoimmune disorers like Lupus, Multiple Sclerosis.