Cell
Flip
What are the characteristics of life?
Flip
cell
Cells are microscopic structral and functional unit of an organism of all forms of life
Back
What are the characteristics of life?
3. Metabolism: cells compacity to obtain and convert engergy from surroundings to use for growth, maintence, and reproduction. Anabolism+catabolism=metabolism
5. Adaption and Evolution: Adapt- maladapted, beneifical, and neutral traits. Evolution- change in a line desnt over time
1. cellular organization: all organisms have cells. cells smallest unit of life
2. sensitivity or response to stimuli: change in surroundings and make controlled responses to them w/ receptors.
4. Reproduction: all living things must reproduce (asexual and sexual)
Back
Organelle
Flip
Organelle
a small organ that preforms specific functions like energy, protein synthesis, and waste breakdown
Back
Tissue
Flip
tissue
group of simular cells that work together to provide protection, support, movement, and communication throughout body.
Back
Ecosystem
Flip
Ecosystem
community of living organisms in an area as well as its physical enviroment that interacts as a functional unit
Back
Biosphere
Flip
biosphere
region of earth that consists of all living organisms.
Back
Metabolism
Flip
Metabolism
cells capacity to obtain and convert energy from its suroundings and use for maintenance, growth, and reproduction
Back
Anabolism
Flip
Anabolism
the synthesis of complex molecules in living organisms form simpler ones together with the release of engery; constructive metabolism.
Back
Catabolism
Flip
CATABOLISM
the breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones, together with the release of energy; destructive metabolism
Back
ATP
Flip
Atp
all organisms transport energy from one place to another within celss using special energy carrying molecules (energy carriers- the energy curency of the cell for all kinds of cellular work). Reusable, recyclyable energy that comes from breaking chemical bonds in the food you consume.
Back
Photosynthesis
Flip
Photosynthesis
the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthensize food from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct.
Back
Aerobic Respiration
Flip
Aerobic respiration
refers to living cells using molecular oxygen, will be some radical oxidation of organic matterdecomposition form of CO2 and H20, the process of release energy at the same time.
Anacrobic cellular respiration: without oxygen
Fermentaion: done in with little to no oxygen present- produces C02 and alcohols and acids
Back
Stimuli
Flip
Stimuli
extermal or internal triggers that cause organism to change physically and behaviorally. Examples include light, sounds, smells, and temperatures
Back
Receptors
Flip
Receptors
protein molecule on or within a cell that binds to a specific signaling molecule, triggering a cellular response.
Back
Natural Selection
Flip
natural selection
process in nature through which living organisms adapt and change in response to an enviromental condition.
Back
Adaptive Trait
Flip
Adaptive trait
characteristic or feature of an organism that enchances its survival or reproductive success in a particular enviroment. Ex: gaining larger lung capacity
Back
Homeostasis
Flip
Homeostasis
organisms keep the internal enviroment within a range that cells can tolerate (your normal calm)
Back
Reproduction
Flip
Reproduction
actual mechanism by weich parents transmit DNA to their offspring.
Back
Inheritance
Flip
inheritance
acquistion of traits after parents transmit their DNA to their offspring
Back
Heredity
Flip
Heredity
transmission of traits or characteristics from parent to offspring
Back
DNA
Flip
DNA
the molecule basis of heredity and inheritance
Back
Producers
Flip
Producers
produce their own food and makeup the bottom of food chain (green plants, algae, phytoplankton)
Back
Consumers
Flip
Consumers
cannot make own food, survive by feeding on tissues of producers and other organisms. Animals and decomposers (bacteria and fungi)
Back
Decomposers
Flip
Decomposers
break down living and dead organisms into raw materials so that they can be recycled back into the enviroment for producers to take up again (bacteria, fungi)
Back
Autotrophs (primary)
Flip
Autotrophs (primary)
self feeders capable of making their own food (plants)
Back
Heterotrophs (secondary)
Flip
Heterotrophs (secondary)
feeding on others (animals)
Back
Food chain
Flip
Food chain
transfer energy creater to creater in a certain order. 10% transfer. food web is the interconnection of food chain, representation of what-eats-what How?- energy flows from the organism being eaten to the organism doing the eating. decomposers < consumers < producers
Back
Extremophiles
Flip
Extremophiles
thermophiles- temperature lovers
halophiles- salt lovers
Back
Levels of Taxonomy Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
Domains
Flip
Domains: Eukarya
Three domains: bacteria- bacteria, prokaryotes, dna no membrane or nucleus archaea- prokaryotes, dna, extrememophiles, eukarya- eukaryote, membrane, nucleus, dna most inclusive
Back
Kingdoms
Flip
Kingdom: animalia
The kingdoms are arcehabacteria, eubacteria, protista, fungi, plantae, and animalae
Back
The six Kingdoms of Life
Prokaryotes
Flip
Prokaryotes
lakcs a nucleus, single celled, no membrane Example: bacteria, archaea
Back
Eukaryotes
Flip
Eukaryotes
has membrane and nucleus, Example: animals and plants
Back
Archaebacteria
Flip
Archaebacteria
Most earliest forms of life. Single-celled organisms with cell walls. Thermophiles and Halophiles are members. Lack nuclei. Prokaryotic, unicellular, autotrophy and heterotrophy. pathogens
Back
Eubacteria
Flip
Eubacteria
Most common bacteria. Spore producing decomposer. Include photosynthetic organsims. Single celled organisms with cell walls. Lack true nucleiCan fermentation Prokaryotic, unicellular, autotrpophy and heterotrophy. pathogens
Back
Protista
Flip
Protista
Protozoans and algae Organisms that move actively using cilia and flagella. Include photosynthetic organisms. Eukaryotic, unicellular, autotrpophy and heterotrophy. pathogenic protozoans, algae, phytoplankton, zooplankton
Back
Fungi
Flip
Fungi
Spore producing decomposers. Mulitcellular with cell wall. Mushrooms, molds, yeasts. Can do fermentation. Eukaryotic, unicellular and mostly multicellular, heterotrophy. produce spores and pathogens
Back
Plantae
Flip
Plantae
Mulitcellular with cell wall. Include photosynthetic organisms Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophy and rarely heterotrophy. produce seeds
Back
Animalia
Flip
Animalia
Mulitcellular with cell wall. Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophy.
Back
Rest of taxonomy
Phylum: Cnidaria
Back
Class- hydrozoa
Back
Order-Anthoathecata
Back
Family- hydridae
Back
Genus- Hydra
Back
Species- hydra vulgaris
eubacteria, archaebacteria, protista, fungi, plantae, animalia least inclusive
Back
What are the two parts of a scientific name?
Flip
What are the two parts of a scientific name?
Genus and species. genus- related organisms species- distinghishes the species
Back
Differences and 2 simularities between plant and animal cells
Flip
What are differences between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells: has a cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, rectangle shape, chloroplast Animal cells: nucleus, cell membrane, round shape,
Back
Which kingdoms have cell walls and membranes?
Flip
Which kingdoms have cell walls and which have only cell membrane?
Cell walls - Eubacteria, archaebacteria, protista, fungi, plantae cell membrane - all of them
Back
Three ways some protistians move
Flip
three ways some protistians move
pseudopodia, cilia, flagella
Back
gram stain
Flip
Gram stain
a laboratory test to check for bacteria, helps diagnose and treat certain bacteria infections Some bacteria is more harmful because thier outermost membrane provides resistance to abtibiotics.
Back
control group
Flip
control group
unchanged. a group in an experiement or study that does not receive treatment by the reaserchers and is then used as a benchmark to measure how the other test subjects do.
Back
variable
Flip
VARIABLE
any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types. the independent and dependent variable.
Back
experimental group
Flip
experiemtnal group
group of experiment that recieves the variable being tested. One variable at a time. Used to find anwsers in an experiment
Back
independent variable
Flip
independent group
the variable that is changed, manipulated
Back
dependent variable
Flip
dependent group
responds to or depends on independent variable
Back
theory
Flip
THEORY
general state of facts that explains aspects of nature
Back
law
Flip
law
theory is a proven science repeatedly, certain
Back
hypothesis
Flip
hypothesis
educated guess, untested explanation for an observation, prediction
Back
peer review
Flip
peer review
an evaluation of research by others working in same field to see the quality before bring published. It is improtant because is a critical part of the functioning of the scientific community, of quality
control, and the self-corrective nature of science.
Back
scientific method
Flip
the scientific method
observe ask questions- null and alternate hypothesis predictions experiement- control group, manipulated, independent/dependent, dry mix, controlled variables collect data analyze data repeat test conclusion peer review
Back
scientific theory
Flip
scientific theory
related to the hypothesis, evidence based explantation for observed natural phenomena thats repeatedly tested. ex: gravity
Back
inductive
Flip
inductive
making hypothesis
Back
deductive
Flip
deductive
the conclusion
Back
what are some limitations and assumptions of science?
Flip
what are some limitations and assumptions of science?
only observable and object. Cannot deal with religion, art, and humanityIn science, observations and experimental results must be repeatable
Technology to test hypotheses must be available
Supernatural explanations are outside the bounds of science
Back
are viruses alive?
Flip
are viruses considered alive?
no, they are not alive. not a cell, cannot reproduce themselves. alway require a living host to replicate themselves.
Back
what are the differences between seeds and spores?
Flip
what is the difference between a spore and a seed?
spores are tiny, one celled reproductive structures, seeds consist of more than one cell. fungi Spores are simular to seeds because they can both grow into new plants. have build in protection
Back
vascular tissue in plants
Flip
vascular tissue in plants
vacular tissue is used in plants to transfer essential substances like water, minerals, and sugars throughout the plant non vascular plants get water and nutrients by absortption from their surroundings and movement across their cells via diffusion
Back
how is pollen transmitted and what is it?
Flip
how is pollen transmitted?
pollen- plants sperm Pollen is transmitted by wind, pollenators, and water pollinators - bees, butterflies, wasp, beetles
Back
porifera
Flip
porifera
sponges, full of pores
Back
cnidaria
Flip
cnidaria
jellyfish, coral
Back
platyhelm
Flip
Platyhelm
flatworms, parasetic
Back
nematoda
Flip
nematoda
round worms, parisetic
Back
annelida
Flip
Annelida
segmented worms, leeches
Back
what group of animals do we belong to?
Flip
what group of animals do we belong to?
phylum chordata class mammels
Back
amphibia
Flip
Amphibia
cold blooded vertebrates like frogs, toads, salamanders
Back
reptilia
Flip
Reptilia
cold blooded animals like snakes, crocodiles, turtles
Back
aves
Flip
aves
warm blooded verebrates : birds
Back
Osteichthyes
Flip
osteichthyes
aquatic vertibates like fish, salmon, seahorse, tuna, puffer fish
Back
chondrichthyes
Flip
chondrichthyes
aquatic vertibates like sharks and stingrays
Back
mollusca/mollusks
Flip
mollusca/mollusks
invertabrate animals including snails, slugs, clams, oysters, squid, octopi
Back
echinodermata
Flip
echinodermata
marine animals of phylum including starfish, sea urchins, and sand dollars
Back
arthropoda
Flip
arthropoda
invertebrate with jointed feet, seqmented bodies consisting of 3 different categories
Back
crustacea
Flip
crustacea
invertebrate with jointed feet, seqmented bodies like lobsters, crabs, shrimp
Back
arachnida
Flip
arachnida
invertebrate with exoskeletons like spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions
Back
insecta
Flip
insecta
invertebrate with hard exoskeletons like bees, beetles, ladybugs, flies
Back
What is the difference between an endoskeleton and an exoskeleton?
Flip
what is the difference between an endoskeleton and an exoskeleton?
An endoskeleton is a protective layer , or skeleton inside the body (humans) while exoskeleton is the hard shell, protective layer of the skeleton outside of the body (spiders)
Back
apex predator
Flip
apex preditior
animal at the top of the food chain with no natural preditors, such as lions, great white shark, bear
Back
bioaccumulation
Flip
bioaccumulation
the gradual accumulation of substances, such as pesticides or other chemicals, in an organism
Back
biomagnification
Flip
Biomagnification
process of pollutants become more concentrated (increased toxins) as they move up a food chain. predators getting higher levels of certain pollutants if smaller predator eats a toxin.
Back
symbiosis
Flip
symbiosis
interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association, typically to the advantage of both. Ex: bees geting nectar, flowers getting pollinated. clownfish and sea anemones
Back
indiator species
Flip
indicator species
organism, like plants and animals, that reflects the environmental conditions, like health and conditions, of their surroundings. example: a peppered moth ehose color shifts relfects air pollution levels
Back
Cell
Lauren Klutz
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Transcript
Cell
Flip
What are the characteristics of life?
Flip
cell
Cells are microscopic structral and functional unit of an organism of all forms of life
Back
What are the characteristics of life?
3. Metabolism: cells compacity to obtain and convert engergy from surroundings to use for growth, maintence, and reproduction. Anabolism+catabolism=metabolism
5. Adaption and Evolution: Adapt- maladapted, beneifical, and neutral traits. Evolution- change in a line desnt over time
1. cellular organization: all organisms have cells. cells smallest unit of life
2. sensitivity or response to stimuli: change in surroundings and make controlled responses to them w/ receptors.
4. Reproduction: all living things must reproduce (asexual and sexual)
Back
Organelle
Flip
Organelle
a small organ that preforms specific functions like energy, protein synthesis, and waste breakdown
Back
Tissue
Flip
tissue
group of simular cells that work together to provide protection, support, movement, and communication throughout body.
Back
Ecosystem
Flip
Ecosystem
community of living organisms in an area as well as its physical enviroment that interacts as a functional unit
Back
Biosphere
Flip
biosphere
region of earth that consists of all living organisms.
Back
Metabolism
Flip
Metabolism
cells capacity to obtain and convert energy from its suroundings and use for maintenance, growth, and reproduction
Back
Anabolism
Flip
Anabolism
the synthesis of complex molecules in living organisms form simpler ones together with the release of engery; constructive metabolism.
Back
Catabolism
Flip
CATABOLISM
the breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones, together with the release of energy; destructive metabolism
Back
ATP
Flip
Atp
all organisms transport energy from one place to another within celss using special energy carrying molecules (energy carriers- the energy curency of the cell for all kinds of cellular work). Reusable, recyclyable energy that comes from breaking chemical bonds in the food you consume.
Back
Photosynthesis
Flip
Photosynthesis
the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthensize food from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct.
Back
Aerobic Respiration
Flip
Aerobic respiration
refers to living cells using molecular oxygen, will be some radical oxidation of organic matterdecomposition form of CO2 and H20, the process of release energy at the same time.
Anacrobic cellular respiration: without oxygen
Fermentaion: done in with little to no oxygen present- produces C02 and alcohols and acids
Back
Stimuli
Flip
Stimuli
extermal or internal triggers that cause organism to change physically and behaviorally. Examples include light, sounds, smells, and temperatures
Back
Receptors
Flip
Receptors
protein molecule on or within a cell that binds to a specific signaling molecule, triggering a cellular response.
Back
Natural Selection
Flip
natural selection
process in nature through which living organisms adapt and change in response to an enviromental condition.
Back
Adaptive Trait
Flip
Adaptive trait
characteristic or feature of an organism that enchances its survival or reproductive success in a particular enviroment. Ex: gaining larger lung capacity
Back
Homeostasis
Flip
Homeostasis
organisms keep the internal enviroment within a range that cells can tolerate (your normal calm)
Back
Reproduction
Flip
Reproduction
actual mechanism by weich parents transmit DNA to their offspring.
Back
Inheritance
Flip
inheritance
acquistion of traits after parents transmit their DNA to their offspring
Back
Heredity
Flip
Heredity
transmission of traits or characteristics from parent to offspring
Back
DNA
Flip
DNA
the molecule basis of heredity and inheritance
Back
Producers
Flip
Producers
produce their own food and makeup the bottom of food chain (green plants, algae, phytoplankton)
Back
Consumers
Flip
Consumers
cannot make own food, survive by feeding on tissues of producers and other organisms. Animals and decomposers (bacteria and fungi)
Back
Decomposers
Flip
Decomposers
break down living and dead organisms into raw materials so that they can be recycled back into the enviroment for producers to take up again (bacteria, fungi)
Back
Autotrophs (primary)
Flip
Autotrophs (primary)
self feeders capable of making their own food (plants)
Back
Heterotrophs (secondary)
Flip
Heterotrophs (secondary)
feeding on others (animals)
Back
Food chain
Flip
Food chain
transfer energy creater to creater in a certain order. 10% transfer. food web is the interconnection of food chain, representation of what-eats-what How?- energy flows from the organism being eaten to the organism doing the eating. decomposers < consumers < producers
Back
Extremophiles
Flip
Extremophiles
thermophiles- temperature lovers
halophiles- salt lovers
Back
Levels of Taxonomy Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
Domains
Flip
Domains: Eukarya
Three domains: bacteria- bacteria, prokaryotes, dna no membrane or nucleus archaea- prokaryotes, dna, extrememophiles, eukarya- eukaryote, membrane, nucleus, dna most inclusive
Back
Kingdoms
Flip
Kingdom: animalia
The kingdoms are arcehabacteria, eubacteria, protista, fungi, plantae, and animalae
Back
The six Kingdoms of Life
Prokaryotes
Flip
Prokaryotes
lakcs a nucleus, single celled, no membrane Example: bacteria, archaea
Back
Eukaryotes
Flip
Eukaryotes
has membrane and nucleus, Example: animals and plants
Back
Archaebacteria
Flip
Archaebacteria
Most earliest forms of life. Single-celled organisms with cell walls. Thermophiles and Halophiles are members. Lack nuclei. Prokaryotic, unicellular, autotrophy and heterotrophy. pathogens
Back
Eubacteria
Flip
Eubacteria
Most common bacteria. Spore producing decomposer. Include photosynthetic organsims. Single celled organisms with cell walls. Lack true nucleiCan fermentation Prokaryotic, unicellular, autotrpophy and heterotrophy. pathogens
Back
Protista
Flip
Protista
Protozoans and algae Organisms that move actively using cilia and flagella. Include photosynthetic organisms. Eukaryotic, unicellular, autotrpophy and heterotrophy. pathogenic protozoans, algae, phytoplankton, zooplankton
Back
Fungi
Flip
Fungi
Spore producing decomposers. Mulitcellular with cell wall. Mushrooms, molds, yeasts. Can do fermentation. Eukaryotic, unicellular and mostly multicellular, heterotrophy. produce spores and pathogens
Back
Plantae
Flip
Plantae
Mulitcellular with cell wall. Include photosynthetic organisms Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophy and rarely heterotrophy. produce seeds
Back
Animalia
Flip
Animalia
Mulitcellular with cell wall. Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophy.
Back
Rest of taxonomy
Phylum: Cnidaria
Back
Class- hydrozoa
Back
Order-Anthoathecata
Back
Family- hydridae
Back
Genus- Hydra
Back
Species- hydra vulgaris
eubacteria, archaebacteria, protista, fungi, plantae, animalia least inclusive
Back
What are the two parts of a scientific name?
Flip
What are the two parts of a scientific name?
Genus and species. genus- related organisms species- distinghishes the species
Back
Differences and 2 simularities between plant and animal cells
Flip
What are differences between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells: has a cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, rectangle shape, chloroplast Animal cells: nucleus, cell membrane, round shape,
Back
Which kingdoms have cell walls and membranes?
Flip
Which kingdoms have cell walls and which have only cell membrane?
Cell walls - Eubacteria, archaebacteria, protista, fungi, plantae cell membrane - all of them
Back
Three ways some protistians move
Flip
three ways some protistians move
pseudopodia, cilia, flagella
Back
gram stain
Flip
Gram stain
a laboratory test to check for bacteria, helps diagnose and treat certain bacteria infections Some bacteria is more harmful because thier outermost membrane provides resistance to abtibiotics.
Back
control group
Flip
control group
unchanged. a group in an experiement or study that does not receive treatment by the reaserchers and is then used as a benchmark to measure how the other test subjects do.
Back
variable
Flip
VARIABLE
any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types. the independent and dependent variable.
Back
experimental group
Flip
experiemtnal group
group of experiment that recieves the variable being tested. One variable at a time. Used to find anwsers in an experiment
Back
independent variable
Flip
independent group
the variable that is changed, manipulated
Back
dependent variable
Flip
dependent group
responds to or depends on independent variable
Back
theory
Flip
THEORY
general state of facts that explains aspects of nature
Back
law
Flip
law
theory is a proven science repeatedly, certain
Back
hypothesis
Flip
hypothesis
educated guess, untested explanation for an observation, prediction
Back
peer review
Flip
peer review
an evaluation of research by others working in same field to see the quality before bring published. It is improtant because is a critical part of the functioning of the scientific community, of quality control, and the self-corrective nature of science.
Back
scientific method
Flip
the scientific method
observe ask questions- null and alternate hypothesis predictions experiement- control group, manipulated, independent/dependent, dry mix, controlled variables collect data analyze data repeat test conclusion peer review
Back
scientific theory
Flip
scientific theory
related to the hypothesis, evidence based explantation for observed natural phenomena thats repeatedly tested. ex: gravity
Back
inductive
Flip
inductive
making hypothesis
Back
deductive
Flip
deductive
the conclusion
Back
what are some limitations and assumptions of science?
Flip
what are some limitations and assumptions of science?
only observable and object. Cannot deal with religion, art, and humanityIn science, observations and experimental results must be repeatable Technology to test hypotheses must be available Supernatural explanations are outside the bounds of science
Back
are viruses alive?
Flip
are viruses considered alive?
no, they are not alive. not a cell, cannot reproduce themselves. alway require a living host to replicate themselves.
Back
what are the differences between seeds and spores?
Flip
what is the difference between a spore and a seed?
spores are tiny, one celled reproductive structures, seeds consist of more than one cell. fungi Spores are simular to seeds because they can both grow into new plants. have build in protection
Back
vascular tissue in plants
Flip
vascular tissue in plants
vacular tissue is used in plants to transfer essential substances like water, minerals, and sugars throughout the plant non vascular plants get water and nutrients by absortption from their surroundings and movement across their cells via diffusion
Back
how is pollen transmitted and what is it?
Flip
how is pollen transmitted?
pollen- plants sperm Pollen is transmitted by wind, pollenators, and water pollinators - bees, butterflies, wasp, beetles
Back
porifera
Flip
porifera
sponges, full of pores
Back
cnidaria
Flip
cnidaria
jellyfish, coral
Back
platyhelm
Flip
Platyhelm
flatworms, parasetic
Back
nematoda
Flip
nematoda
round worms, parisetic
Back
annelida
Flip
Annelida
segmented worms, leeches
Back
what group of animals do we belong to?
Flip
what group of animals do we belong to?
phylum chordata class mammels
Back
amphibia
Flip
Amphibia
cold blooded vertebrates like frogs, toads, salamanders
Back
reptilia
Flip
Reptilia
cold blooded animals like snakes, crocodiles, turtles
Back
aves
Flip
aves
warm blooded verebrates : birds
Back
Osteichthyes
Flip
osteichthyes
aquatic vertibates like fish, salmon, seahorse, tuna, puffer fish
Back
chondrichthyes
Flip
chondrichthyes
aquatic vertibates like sharks and stingrays
Back
mollusca/mollusks
Flip
mollusca/mollusks
invertabrate animals including snails, slugs, clams, oysters, squid, octopi
Back
echinodermata
Flip
echinodermata
marine animals of phylum including starfish, sea urchins, and sand dollars
Back
arthropoda
Flip
arthropoda
invertebrate with jointed feet, seqmented bodies consisting of 3 different categories
Back
crustacea
Flip
crustacea
invertebrate with jointed feet, seqmented bodies like lobsters, crabs, shrimp
Back
arachnida
Flip
arachnida
invertebrate with exoskeletons like spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions
Back
insecta
Flip
insecta
invertebrate with hard exoskeletons like bees, beetles, ladybugs, flies
Back
What is the difference between an endoskeleton and an exoskeleton?
Flip
what is the difference between an endoskeleton and an exoskeleton?
An endoskeleton is a protective layer , or skeleton inside the body (humans) while exoskeleton is the hard shell, protective layer of the skeleton outside of the body (spiders)
Back
apex predator
Flip
apex preditior
animal at the top of the food chain with no natural preditors, such as lions, great white shark, bear
Back
bioaccumulation
Flip
bioaccumulation
the gradual accumulation of substances, such as pesticides or other chemicals, in an organism
Back
biomagnification
Flip
Biomagnification
process of pollutants become more concentrated (increased toxins) as they move up a food chain. predators getting higher levels of certain pollutants if smaller predator eats a toxin.
Back
symbiosis
Flip
symbiosis
interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association, typically to the advantage of both. Ex: bees geting nectar, flowers getting pollinated. clownfish and sea anemones
Back
indiator species
Flip
indicator species
organism, like plants and animals, that reflects the environmental conditions, like health and conditions, of their surroundings. example: a peppered moth ehose color shifts relfects air pollution levels
Back