PAST SIMPLE

PAST SIMPLE

The Past Simple is used to describe past actions that were completed in a specific time

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STRUCTURE

Affirmative - Subject + -ed/irregular + Complements

Example 1: I walked my dog yesterday evening.

Example 2: I won the lottery last year.

Negative - Subject + didn't + base verb + Complements

Example 1: I didn't walk my dog yesterday evening.

Example 2: I didn't win the lottery last year.

Interrogative- Did + Subject + base verb + Complements

Example 1: Did you walk your dog yesterday evening?

Example 2: Did you win the lottery last year?

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TRANSLATION: VAIG PASSEJAR (cat) PASEÉ (cast)

TRANSLATION: VAIG guanyar (cat) gané (cast)

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time expressions with past simple

Yesterday, last week/last year/last month, on Monday/Tuesday..., ago, in 1988, in April, on April 5th, when I was a child, at that time...

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PRESENT PERFECT

The Present Perfect is used to talk about things you have done at some point in your life — but you don’t say exactly when. Actions that started in the past and continue to the present. Actions that have just finished.

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STRUCTURE

Affirmative - Subject + have/has + past participle + Complements

Example 1: I have walked / I've walked my dog yesterday evening.

Example 2: He has won/ he's won the lottery last year.

Negative - Subject + haven't/hasn't + past participle + Complements

Example 1: I haven't walked my dog yesterday evening.

Example 2: He hasn't won the lottery last year.

Interrogative- Have + Subject + past participle + Complements

Example 1: Have you walked your dog yesterday evening?

Example 2: Has he won the lottery last year?

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TRANSLATION: he PASSEJAt (cat) he paseado (cast)

TRANSLATION: he guanyat (cat) he ganado (cast)

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time expressions with present perfect

ever, never, before, once, twice, many times, already, yet, just, for

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use of already, just, yet with present perfect

yet

just

already

I haven't eaten the cake yet (negative and interrog.)

I have JUST eaten the cake (Affirmative only)

I have ALREADY eaten the cake. (Affirmative only)

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practice

1. She __________ (already / do) her homework, so she’s watching TV now.
2. We __________ (not finish) dinner yet — can you wait a few minutes?
3. I __________ (go) to Spain three years ago.
4. They __________ (just / arrive), so they’re still unpacking.
5. Have you __________ (ever / meet) someone from Australia?
6. He __________ (already / read) that book twice.
7. I __________ (not see) my best friend since last month.

1. I __________ (never / be) to Canada.
2. She __________ (finish) her homework two hours ago.
3. We __________ (live) in this city since 2018.
4. They __________ (meet) at a party last summer.
5. He __________ (just / call) you — check your phone!
6. I __________ (see) that movie yesterday.
7. My English __________ (improve) a lot recently.
8. __________ you ever __________ (try) sushi?

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