Present tenses

Present tenses

Adrià Sánchez Vicente

index

Present simple

Present continous

Present perfect continous

Present perfect simple

Present simple

AfirmativeSubject+infinitive+ -s or -es (for he, she, it)+complements I work in an office She works in an office Negative Subject+do/does (for he, she, it) + not +infinitive+complements They don't like coffee He doesn't like coffee Interrogative Do/Does(for he, she, it) + Subject + verb+complements? Do you live in Madrid? Does she live in Madrid?

Present simple

When do we use it? For habits and routines For permanent situations and general facts For timetables

keywords

always, usually, OFTen, sometimes, never, every day/week/month.

Present continous

AfirmativeSubject + am/is/are + infinitive-ing+complements I am working today She is studying now Negative Subject + am/is/are + not + infinitive-ing+complements I am not staying here He isn't talking to her Interrogative Am/Is/Are + subject + infinitive-ing+complements? Are you working today? Is she playing outside?

Present continous

When do we use it? For actions happening now, at the moment For temporary situations For fixed future arrangements

keywords

now, right now, at the moment, today, this week, tonight

Present perfect simple

AfirmativeSubject + have/has + past participle+complements I have finished my homework She has finished the book Negative Subject + have/has + not + past participle+complements I haven't travelled to Japan He hasn't travelled by plane Interrogative Have/Has + subject + past participle+complements? Have you stayed in a hotel? Has she stayed at home?

Present perfect simple

When do we use it? To talk about past experiences at an unspecified time To describe an action that happened in the past but has a result in the present To talk about an action that started in the past and continues up to now

keywords

ever, never, just, already, yet, for, since, how long, once, twice

Present Perfect Continuous

AfirmativeSubject + have/has + been + infinitive-ing+complements I have been studying for the exam She has been studying all morning Negative Subject + have/has + not + been + infinitive-ing+complements I haven't been going to gym He hasn't been going to gym Interrogative Have/Has + subject + been + infinitive-ing+complements? Have you been studying English? Has she been studying at the library?

Present perfect continous

When do we use it? To emphasize the duration of an action that started in the past and continues to the present To describe a recent, ongoing activity that has a visible result in the present The focus is on the activity itself, not the completion

keywords

for, since, all day/morning/week, how long