Project Number: 2023-1-PL01-KA220-SCH-000164042
UNIT 7: Human Body Systems
Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA). Neither the European Union nor EACEA can be held responsible for them.
Introduction
In this activity we will explore the systems in human body and their interrelationships.
Source: freepik.com
Learning Outcomes
Student:
- Explains the functions of the systems in our body and the importance of all systems working as a whole.
- Explains the structures and organs that make up the systems in our body.
Source: freepik.com
Human body systems
Our body is made up of various systems that involve a complex and perfect organization; these systems perform various functions such as blood circulation, respiration, digestion, etc. that enable us to sustain our lives, and each of them works in harmony with the other systems to ensure the holistic health of the body (internal balance, homeostasis).
Source: freepik.com
Human body systems
For example, the circulatory system carries oxygen and nutrients to the organs through the heart and blood vessels, and the digestive system distributes nutrients from digested food. At the same time, the respiratory system regulates the intra-body gas exchange with oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide excretion, a process coordinated by the nervous system.
Source: freepik.com
Human body systems
The harmony between these systems makes it possible for the body to adapt to both internal and external factors. This cooperation between systems is critical for maintaining a healthy life. In this context, in this unit, we will learn about the systems in our body and the functions of the organs and structures that make up them.
Source: freepik.com
Musculature system
Humans perform their movements with the support and movement system. The support and movement system consists of bones, joints and muscles. Our skeleton is formed when bones, cartilage and joints come together.
Source: freepik.com
Musculature system
Musculature system:
- provides the movement of our body together with muscles,
- shapes our body and keeps it upright,
- provides an attachment surface for muscles and internal organs,
- protects internal organs,
- produces blood cells such as red blood cells and white blood cells,
- stores some of the minerals we need (calcium, phosphorus,
magnesium, etc.). Scan the QR code on the right to learn more about the Musculature system.
Digestive system
Digestion is the process by which food is broken down, processed and converted into nutrients in the body, starting in the mouth. This process is critical for the body to convert food into energy and obtain essential nutrients. Digestion involves both mechanical and chemical processes. The organs and structures involved in digestion constitute the digestive system. The organs of the digestive system consist of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large Intestine and anus.
Source: freepik.com
Digestive system
The liver and pancreas are organs that help the digestive system. The liver sends bile secretion to the small intestine through a duct, which enables the physical digestion of fats in the small intestine. The pancreas sends pancreatic juice to the small intestine for the chemical digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Scan the QR code on the left to learn more about the digestive system.
Respiratory system
Respiration is a biological process in which organisms chemically break down nutrients using oxygen to produce energy, and in the process produce waste products such as carbon dioxide and water. In this respect, the respiratory system plays a vital role in the body's energy production and gas exchange. The main task of the respiratory system can be summarized as taking in oxygen from the air and expelling carbon dioxide accumulated in the body. The transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body is carried out through the blood circulation.
Source: freepik.com
Respiratory system
The organs that make up the respiratory system are the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea and lungs. Air is taken in through the nose or mouth and passed into the lungs through the trachea. The alveoli in the lungs allow oxygen to pass into the blood and carbon dioxide to escape from the blood into the air. Oxygenated blood is transported through the heart to various parts of the body, while carbon dioxide is brought back to the lungs and expelled through respiration. Thus, the respiratory system meets the body's need for oxygen and removes waste gases, ensuring the proper functioning of metabolism. Scan the QR code on the left to learn more about the respiratory system.
Excretory system
As a result of the metabolic activities that take place in the body, during the energy production of cells and other biochemical processes, various waste products are produced. These waste products include substances such as carbon dioxide, urea, uric acid and creatinine and need to be systematically removed as they can be harmful to the body. This is where the excretory system comes into play.
Source: freepik.com
Excretory system
The excretory system is the system that cleans the body of the waste products produced as a result of vital activities in the cells and the excessive amount of unused residual substances taken into the body. The organs that make up the excretory system are the kidneys, urinary tube (ureter), bladder (bladder) and urinary canal (urethra). Scan the QR code on the right to get to know the excretory system better.
Circulatory system
The circulatory system is the system that ensures the transportation of nutrients and oxygen in cells and the removal of carbon dioxide and waste materials formed in cells. In addition, the circulatory system regulates body temperature and delivers hormones to target organs. It fights infections by transporting immune cells and supports the healing of wounds. With all these functions, the circulatory system plays a vital role in maintaining overall health and quality of life.
Source: freepik.com
Circulatory system
The circulatory system fulfills basic vital functions by forming a network that carries blood to every part of the body. The main structures and organs that make up this network are: Heart, Blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), blood. Scan the QR code on the side to get to know the circulatory system better.
Learning activity
Learning Stations: So far, you have learned the theoretical information in the unit of systems in our body. You have discovered the organs and structures that make up the systems. In this activity, you will use this knowledge to build systems from scratch using the station technique.
Source: freepik.com
Learning activity: Information for the teacher
Each station will cover one system. Divide the participants into smaller groups and assign each group to one station. The groups present their knowledge about the system at their assigned station on a poster, by writing, drawing or in any other way. After a certain amount of time (e.g. 10-15 minutes), when the bell rings, the groups leave their work where they left off and move on to the next station. At the new station, the students check what the previous groups have done and continue their work from where it was left off. This cycle will continue until all groups have visited all stations. At the end of the lesson, the posters will be displayed and the students will be asked to evaluate them.
Source: freepik.com
UNIT 7: Human Body Systems
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Transcript
Project Number: 2023-1-PL01-KA220-SCH-000164042
UNIT 7: Human Body Systems
Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA). Neither the European Union nor EACEA can be held responsible for them.
Introduction
In this activity we will explore the systems in human body and their interrelationships.
Source: freepik.com
Learning Outcomes
Student:
Source: freepik.com
Human body systems
Our body is made up of various systems that involve a complex and perfect organization; these systems perform various functions such as blood circulation, respiration, digestion, etc. that enable us to sustain our lives, and each of them works in harmony with the other systems to ensure the holistic health of the body (internal balance, homeostasis).
Source: freepik.com
Human body systems
For example, the circulatory system carries oxygen and nutrients to the organs through the heart and blood vessels, and the digestive system distributes nutrients from digested food. At the same time, the respiratory system regulates the intra-body gas exchange with oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide excretion, a process coordinated by the nervous system.
Source: freepik.com
Human body systems
The harmony between these systems makes it possible for the body to adapt to both internal and external factors. This cooperation between systems is critical for maintaining a healthy life. In this context, in this unit, we will learn about the systems in our body and the functions of the organs and structures that make up them.
Source: freepik.com
Musculature system
Humans perform their movements with the support and movement system. The support and movement system consists of bones, joints and muscles. Our skeleton is formed when bones, cartilage and joints come together.
Source: freepik.com
Musculature system
Musculature system:
- provides the movement of our body together with muscles,
- shapes our body and keeps it upright,
- provides an attachment surface for muscles and internal organs,
- protects internal organs,
- produces blood cells such as red blood cells and white blood cells,
- stores some of the minerals we need (calcium, phosphorus,
magnesium, etc.). Scan the QR code on the right to learn more about the Musculature system.Digestive system
Digestion is the process by which food is broken down, processed and converted into nutrients in the body, starting in the mouth. This process is critical for the body to convert food into energy and obtain essential nutrients. Digestion involves both mechanical and chemical processes. The organs and structures involved in digestion constitute the digestive system. The organs of the digestive system consist of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large Intestine and anus.
Source: freepik.com
Digestive system
The liver and pancreas are organs that help the digestive system. The liver sends bile secretion to the small intestine through a duct, which enables the physical digestion of fats in the small intestine. The pancreas sends pancreatic juice to the small intestine for the chemical digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Scan the QR code on the left to learn more about the digestive system.
Respiratory system
Respiration is a biological process in which organisms chemically break down nutrients using oxygen to produce energy, and in the process produce waste products such as carbon dioxide and water. In this respect, the respiratory system plays a vital role in the body's energy production and gas exchange. The main task of the respiratory system can be summarized as taking in oxygen from the air and expelling carbon dioxide accumulated in the body. The transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body is carried out through the blood circulation.
Source: freepik.com
Respiratory system
The organs that make up the respiratory system are the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea and lungs. Air is taken in through the nose or mouth and passed into the lungs through the trachea. The alveoli in the lungs allow oxygen to pass into the blood and carbon dioxide to escape from the blood into the air. Oxygenated blood is transported through the heart to various parts of the body, while carbon dioxide is brought back to the lungs and expelled through respiration. Thus, the respiratory system meets the body's need for oxygen and removes waste gases, ensuring the proper functioning of metabolism. Scan the QR code on the left to learn more about the respiratory system.
Excretory system
As a result of the metabolic activities that take place in the body, during the energy production of cells and other biochemical processes, various waste products are produced. These waste products include substances such as carbon dioxide, urea, uric acid and creatinine and need to be systematically removed as they can be harmful to the body. This is where the excretory system comes into play.
Source: freepik.com
Excretory system
The excretory system is the system that cleans the body of the waste products produced as a result of vital activities in the cells and the excessive amount of unused residual substances taken into the body. The organs that make up the excretory system are the kidneys, urinary tube (ureter), bladder (bladder) and urinary canal (urethra). Scan the QR code on the right to get to know the excretory system better.
Circulatory system
The circulatory system is the system that ensures the transportation of nutrients and oxygen in cells and the removal of carbon dioxide and waste materials formed in cells. In addition, the circulatory system regulates body temperature and delivers hormones to target organs. It fights infections by transporting immune cells and supports the healing of wounds. With all these functions, the circulatory system plays a vital role in maintaining overall health and quality of life.
Source: freepik.com
Circulatory system
The circulatory system fulfills basic vital functions by forming a network that carries blood to every part of the body. The main structures and organs that make up this network are: Heart, Blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), blood. Scan the QR code on the side to get to know the circulatory system better.
Learning activity
Learning Stations: So far, you have learned the theoretical information in the unit of systems in our body. You have discovered the organs and structures that make up the systems. In this activity, you will use this knowledge to build systems from scratch using the station technique.
Source: freepik.com
Learning activity: Information for the teacher
Each station will cover one system. Divide the participants into smaller groups and assign each group to one station. The groups present their knowledge about the system at their assigned station on a poster, by writing, drawing or in any other way. After a certain amount of time (e.g. 10-15 minutes), when the bell rings, the groups leave their work where they left off and move on to the next station. At the new station, the students check what the previous groups have done and continue their work from where it was left off. This cycle will continue until all groups have visited all stations. At the end of the lesson, the posters will be displayed and the students will be asked to evaluate them.
Source: freepik.com