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Unit 2
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itsystems
Inglés para los Videojuegos
Grado en Diseño de Videojuegos
Indice
1. Objetives2. System Specifications 3. Operating Systems 4. Vocabulary: Large ans Small numbers in English 5. Vocabulary: Introductions in English 6. Grammar: Reason and purpose 7. Vocabulary: Multimedia Hardware 8. Writing: an Email giving recommendations
Inglés para los videojuegos
Unit 2.
IT Systems
- Learn about the different types of systems and their specifications.
- Learn vocabulary related to different multimedia hardware devices.
- Learn how to express large and small numbers in English.
- Learn how to give instructions in English.
- Learn how to give reasons and motives in English.
- Learn how to write a recommendation by email.
objetives
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Let's categorize the terms into three groups: components, peripherals, and storage, based on their roles and functions in a computer system. Components are the essential internal parts that make up the computer, peripherals enhance user interaction, and storage devices handle data storage and retrieval
system specifications
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COMPONENTS
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PERIPHERALS
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sYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS
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OPERATING sYSTEM
An operating system is a collection of software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. The operating system is an essential component of the system software in a computer system. Application programs usually require an operating system to function.
The three most common operating systems for personal computers are Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. Modern operating systems use a graphical user interface, or GUI (pronounced gooey). A GUI lets you use your mouse to click on icons, buttons, and menus, and everything is clearly displayed on the screen using a combination of graphics and text
Each operating system's GUI has a different look and feel, so if you switch to a different operating system it may seem unfamiliar at first. However, modern operating systems are designed to be easy to use, and most of the basic principles are the same. This section looks at these principles.
Inglés para los videojuegos
Unit 2.
IT Systems
Inglés para los videojuegos
Unit 2.
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Inglés para los videojuegos
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IT Systems
Inglés para los videojuegos
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IT Systems
Inglés para los videojuegos
Unit 2.
IT Systems
Inglés para los videojuegos
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IT Systems
Inglés para los videojuegos
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vocabulary:LARGE & SMALL NUMBERS
In English, numbers can vary greatly in magnitude, and they are typically classified into two broad categories: large numbers and small numbers. These categories help us describe and understand numerical values more effectively. Here's an overview of both:
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SMALL NUMBERS
Small numbers are those with relatively low magnitudes. They are typically used to count or quantify smaller quantities or objects. Small numbers are often used in everyday conversations, measurements, and basic calculations. Here are some examples:
LARGE NUMBERS
Large numbers, on the other hand, are numbers with significantly higher magnitudes. They are used to represent much larger quantities, measurements, or values. Large numbers are frequently encountered in scientific contexts, economics, astronomy, and when discussing populations, distances, and large-scale data. Here are some examples:
Large numbers are essential for expressing astronomical figures, such as the Earth's population, the national debt, the distance to celestial objects, and the size of data storage capacities. They are often associated with exponential growth and vast quantities.
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Write these large numbers with words
Example: 498,456,125,654,789 Trillion, Billion, Million, ThousandFour hundred and ninety-eight trillion, four hundred and fifty-six billion, one hundred and twenty-five million, six hundred and fifty -four thousand, seven hundred and eighty-nine
01:30
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Write these large numbers with words
01:30
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IT Systems
Write these large numbers with words
01:30
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IT Systems
Write these large numbers with words
01:30
Inglés para los videojuegos
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IT Systems
Write these large numbers with words
01:30
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Write these large numbers with words
01:30
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vocabulary:INSTRUCTIONS
Giving instructions in English is a valuable communication skill, whether you're providing guidance, explaining a process, or directing someone in various situations. Here are some key steps and phrases to effectively give instructions in English:
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Use Clear and Simple Language
Use plain and straightforward language to ensure your instructions are easily understood. Avoid jargon, technical terms, or complex vocabulary unless the audience is familiar with them
❌ Incorrect: Please depress the activation mechanism.✅ Correct: Press the button.
Start with a Verb
Begin your instruction with a clear action verb. This tells the person what they need to do. For example, "Open," "Close," "Press," "Turn," "Write," "Read," etc.
Be Specific
Clearly state the task or action you want the person to perform. Specify details such as which object to use, where to do it, and how to do it.
✅ Write your name at the top right corner of the page.
Use Sequencing Words:
When providing step-by-step instructions, use sequencing words like "first," "next," "then," and "finally" to order the actions logically.
✅ First, wash your hands. Then, put on the gloves. Finally, start cooking.
Give Reasons (If Necessary):
If the task is complex or the person might not understand the purpose, you can provide a brief explanation of why the task is important or how it fits into a larger process.
✅ Turn off the lights when you leave, because we need to save energy.
Include Warnings or Cautionary Notes
If there are potential risks or things to be cautious about, mention them. This is especially important for safety instructions.
✅ Be careful: the floor is wet.
Use Imperative Sentences:
Imperative sentences (commands) are commonly used for giving instructions. These sentences don't have a subject, as the subject (usually "you") is understood.
✅ Close the door. ✅ Please sit down.
Consider Your Audience
Tailor your instructions to the level of your audience's knowledge and expertise. Use simpler language for beginners and more technical terms for experts.
Check for Understanding
After giving instructions, ask if the person understands what they need to do. You can use phrases like "Do you have any questions?" or "Is everything clear?"
Use Visual Aids (If Available):
Visual aids, such as diagrams, charts, or images, can enhance your instructions, especially when explaining complex processes or tasks.
Exercise: Fill the blanks
Exercise: Fill the blanks
Exercise: Fill the blanks
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Expressing reason and purpose in English is really important for effectively communicating why something is done or providing an explanation for a particular action or situation. Using these expressions and phrases can help you effectively convey the reasons and purposes behind actions, decisions, or situations in both casual and formal communication. The choice of wording depends on the context and the level of formality in the conversation or writing.
grammar:reason & purpose
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BECAUSE
Use "because" to provide a reason for an action or event.
Example: I brought an umbrella because it might rain.
SO
Use "so" to indicate a consequence or result.
Example: It started raining, so I used the umbrella.
IN ORDER
These phrases are used to express purpose or intention.
Example: I studied hard in order to pass the exam.
SO THAT
Example: She saved money so that she could travel.
DUE TO
These phrases are used to explain the cause of a situation.
Example: The delay was due to bad weather.
OWING TO
Example: Owing to his dedication, he succeeded.
FOR
These words can indicate purpose when used in certain contexts.
Example: I bought flowers for my mother's birthday.
TO
Example: He went to the gym to get in shape.
SINCE
These words can introduce a reason or explanation.
Example: Since it's late, we should go home.
AS
Example: "As it was raining, they decided to stay indoors.
What Is Their Main Difference? The main difference between 'as' and 'since' is in their formality. 'Since' is more formal than 'as.'
BECAUSE OF
These phrases are more formal and are used to provide reasons.
Example: Because of his hard work, he was promoted.
TO DUE TO THE FACT THAT
Example: Due to the fact that it's a holiday, the office is closed.
HENCE
These words are used to indicate a logical consequence or conclusion.
Example: The weather is bad; hence, the event is canceled.
THEREFORE
Example: He studied diligently; therefore, he passed the test.
IN ORDER THAT
These phrases are used to express purpose in a formal manner.
Example: She left early in order that she could catch the train.
SO AS TO
Example: He worked hard so as to achieve his goals.
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VOCABULARY:MULTIMEDIA HARDWARE
Multimedia hardware refers to the physical components and devices used for creating, processing, storing, and presenting multimedia content, which includes various forms of audio, video, graphics, and interactive media. These hardware components are essential for tasks such as watching movies, playing games, editing photos and videos, and enjoying an immersive multimedia experience. Here are some key multimedia hardware components:
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Graphics Processing Unit (GPU):
7.1.
The GPU is responsible for rendering images and graphics on your computer screen. High performance GPUs are crucial for gaming, video editing, 3D modeling, and other graphics intensive tasks. Some GPUs also support hardware acceleration for video playback.
Sound Card or Integrated Audio
7.2.
Sound cards and integrated audio solutions handle audio input and output. They are responsible for producing the sound you hear through speakers or headphones and recording audio through microphones. High-end sound cards provide enhanced audio quality and support for surround sound.
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Speakers and Headphones
7.3.
Speakers and headphones are output devices that allow you to hear audio content. Quality speakers and headphones provide a more immersive listening experience, making them essential for enjoying music, movies, and games.
Microphones
7.4.
Microphones are input devices used for recording audio. They are essential for tasks such as voice calls, video conferencing, podcasting, and voiceovers. There are various types of microphones, including built-in, USB, and professional studio microphones
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Webcams and Cameras
7.5.
Webcams and cameras capture images and video. They are used for video conferencing, streaming, vlogging, photography, and video recording. High-quality cameras with features like high-resolution sensors and optical zoom are common in multimedia production.
Optical Drives
7.6.
Optical drives, such as DVD and Blu-ray drives, are used for reading and writing optical discs. They are essential for watching movies, installing software, and backing up data. However, they are becoming less common as digital distribution methods gain popularity
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Monitors and Displays
7.7.
Monitors and displays are visual output devices used to view multimedia content. Factors such as screen size, resolution, color accuracy, and refresh rate are essential for an optimal multimedia experience.Specialized displays like 4K monitors and gaming monitors cater to specific needs.
Touchscreens and Interactive Displays
7.8.
Touchscreens and interactive displays allow users to interact directly with multimedia content through touch or stylus input. They are commonly found in smartphones, tablets, kiosks, and interactive presentations.
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Graphics Tablets
7.9.
Graphics tablets are input devices used by artists, designers, and illustrators to create digital artwork. They provide precision and pressure sensitivity for drawing and graphic design tasks.
Game Controllers
7.10.
Game controllers include devices like gamepads, joysticks, and steering wheels. They enhance the gaming experience by providing tactile control and feedback for video games.
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writing:an email giving recommendations
Writing an email to your managers to provide recommendations is a professional and valuable communication skill. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to structure and write an effective recommendation email.
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Use a Professional Email Format
Start with a formal email address and a clear subject line that briefly summarizes the purpose of the email, such as "Recommendations for [Topic/Issue].
Address the Manager
Begin with a respectful salutation. Use their title and last name unless you have a more informal relationship with them.
Introduction
Start with a brief introduction that states the purpose of your email. Mention that you are providing recommendations and the context in which they are relevant
Provide a Clear and Concise Background
Give a concise background or context for the recommendations. Explain the situation or issue that prompted you to make these recommendations. Be clear about what problem you are trying to address.
Present the Recommendations
List your recommendations in a clear and organized manner. Use bullet points or numbered lists for easy readability. Each recommendation should be specific and actionable.Explain the rationale behind each recommendation. Why do you believe it will address the issue effectively? Provide any supporting evidence or data if applicable.
Offer alternatives (if possible)
If there are multiple ways to address the issue, you can provide alternative recommendations. Discuss the pros and cons of each option.
Highlight the benefits
Emphasize the benefits or potential outcomes of implementing your recommendations. Explain how they can contribute to the company's goals, efficiency, or success..
Address potential concerns
Anticipate and address any potential concerns or objections your managers may have. Provide solutions or explanations to mitigate these concerns.
Request feedback
Encourage an open dialogue by requesting feedback or input from your managers. Let them know that you value their insights and are open to further discussion.
Express Gratitude and Respect
Conclude the email by expressing gratitude for their time and consideration. Reiterate your respect for their judgment and decision-making.
Provide contact information
Include your contact information (email and phone number) in case they have any questions or need further clarification.
Formal Closing
Use a formal closing such as "Sincerely," "Best regards," or "Yours faithfully," followed by your full name.
Here's an example of an email:
Subject: Recommendations for Streamlining Project Management Dear Mr. Smith, I hope this email finds you well. I would like to offer a set of recommendations aimed at improving our project management processes, particularly in the area of resource allocation and communication. I believe these suggestions can contribute to greater efficiency and project success within our department. Background: Over the past few months, our team has faced challenges related to resource allocation, resulting in delays and miscommunication. To address these issues, I have outlined the following recommendations: Recommendations: 1. Implement a centralized project management tool to streamline task assignments and track progress. This will improve visibility and accountability. 2. Establish regular project status meetings to facilitate communication and ensure all team members are aligned on project goals and timelines.3. Provide additional training opportunities for project managers to enhance their skills in resource allocation and conflict resolution
- The centralized tool will eliminate the need for multiple spreadsheets, reducing errors and duplication of effort.
- Regular status meetings will promote open communication and early issue identification.
- Training opportunities will empower our project managers with the skills needed to handle resource challenges effectively.