Road to Revolution
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Second Continental Congress 1775
At the Second Continental Congress in 1775, colonial representatives for all 13 colonies gathered together to discuss the ongoing war effort against Great Britain. At the meeting, the Continental army was established and everyone worked together to achieve independence from Great Britain. Several colonists believed that the congress was a vital step to achieving autonomy from Britain however some loyalists to the British Crown felt as though they were destroying social order and loyalty to the crown. As a result of these varying perspectives, the divide between the colonies and Britain continued and ultimately resulted in the independence of the colonies. The Second Continental Congress is in some ways similar to the First Continental Congress such that both were held to discuss grievances against British rule in the colonies. However, they differed in their solutions to the grievances because the First Continental Congress resulted in created petitions and boycotts whereas the Second involved engaging in a war effort with an army and fighting for independence.
Common Sense 1775
Common Sense was a pamphlet that was distributed throughout the colonies in which the author, Thomas Paine, advocated for independence from Britain. The Colonies had been advocating for direct representation in the Parliament for several years, but were unsuccessful in accomplishing this. England’s refusal to allow direct representation, combined with the taxes it imposed, helped to make Common Sense a tool in promoting the idea of independence.
Intolerable Acts (1774)
The Intolerable Acts were laws passed in 1774 after the Boston Tea Party, designed to restrict Massachusetts in order to increase British Control by closing the Boston Harbor and restricting colonial assemblies. However, the acts did the opposite of what the British wanted, and instead caused the colonists to join together as they believed Britain threatened their liberties. The Patriots viewed the laws as tyranny and increased the calls for resistance in order to regain their rights.
Quartering Act 1765
The Quartering Act of 1765 forced American colonists to provide housing, food, and clothing to British troops. Due to the losses in the French and Indian War, Britain enforced the act to reduce the costs of housing soldiers and enforce greater imperial authority. The colonists viewed the act as incredibly intrusive of their personal freedom and resources. Great Britain's continuing use of such laws within the colonies represents their long-standing use of laws to maintain control over the colonies. However, overtime colonial reactions begin to differ as colonists begin to disagree and feel angered by the enforcement.
Navigation Act - 1651
The Navigation Acts of 1651 were a series of laws enforced by the British Crown that required colonists to only use British ships for trade and certain goods such as tobacco and sugar could only be sent to the home country. These laws were created by the English Parliament because Great Britain wanted to establish mercantilist policies. As a result of the Navigation Acts, the wealth of the colonies directly enriched the mother country and England strengthened their control over Atlantic trade. However, after having to abide by the rules of these new laws many British colonists felt it was unfair that they were restricted and their trade was limited.
Tea Act (1773)
The Tea Act of 1773 was another law that was passed by the British Parliament that allowed the British East India Company, a joint-stock company, to directly sell tea to the British colonists without the company having to pay the same taxes as many colonial merchants and thus allowing them to sell the tea at a cheaper price. Ultimately, despite the cheaper prices the colonists were still required to pay taxes for the tea and were angered that they were still being taxed without representation in the British Parliament. The Tea Act was actually similar to the Stamp Act in the sense that both acts angered colonists about their lack of representation in decision making. However, the Stamp Act raised prices with taxes on paper products while the Tea Act actually lowered the price of tea for colonists.
Boston Massacre
The Boston Massacre happened in 1770 due to tensions between the colonists and British soldiers in Boston. Colonists had been angry for a while about the taxes because the Crown passed these without giving the colonists direct representation. It was a fight that started with snowballs thrown at British soldiers because the colonists were angry about the Townshend acts, and as tensions escalated, the event ended with five civilians dead when British troops fired into a crowd. The Boston Massacre had a huge effect on the colonists' perspectives and raised feelings against virtual representations. Propaganda was made to spread the story as a massacre to gain more support in favor of representation in parliament. This differed from previous protests because violence and the spread of propaganda were now more widely used to unite the colonies and gain traction. However, the Loyalists believed the soldiers were acting in self-defense, illustrating how the political divisions in the colonies were still the same.
Pontiac's Rebellion 1763
Pontiac’s Rebellion occurred in 1763 when Native American chief Pontiac led attacks on British forts and settlements due to Native frustrations with British imperial policies and practices. The rebellion was an act of resistance against the British for encroaching native land, trading unfairly, etc. Pontiac’s rebellion was one of many as over time several Native American tribes attempted to resist unfair treatment and encroachment from the British. As these acts of resistance continued, British colonists felt as though the Native Americans were an active threat to their lives and society while the Natives found it essential to maintain their sovereignty.
Declaration of Independence 1776
In 1776, the 13 colonies signed the Declaration of Independence to formally announce their separation from British rule. Before this declaration, the colonies had repeatedly petitioned the Crown for direct representation as Parliament continued to impose various taxes. These efforts proved unsuccessful, and rising tensions ultimately erupted at Lexington and Concord, the first battle of the Revolution. With shots fired and war inevitable, Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration to justify the colonies’ decision to break away from England’s rule.
First Continental Congress 1774
The First Continental Congress met in 1774 and was a meeting of 12 delegates from Philadelphia that met as a response to the Intolerable Acts. The Congress was built on previous committees inspired by the cooperation of the colonies, but it was different as it was greatly expanded and included most of the colonies. It also illustrated earlier ideas like Benjamin Franklin’s desire for unity from the Albany Plan. For many of the British colonists, the Congress was an important step in getting greater control of their colonies.
Stamp Act 1765
The Stamp Act of 1765 was passed by the British and forced every colonist to purchase a stamp on any piece of printed paper. Regardless of the purpose of the paper, the colonists were forced to pay for a stamp. The British enforced this to cover the losses from the French and Indian War and raise revenue for British military troops. Immediately after the law was enforced, colonists were enraged and disgruntled over the fact that they had no representation in the Parliament and were forced to pay the taxes. It was seen as incredibly unfair by the colonists however the British government felt as though the Stamp Act was a necessary law for them to earn back some of the money they had previously lost.
French and Indian War 1754–1763
The French & Indian War was a conflict between Britain and France from 1754 to 1763 over control of the Ohio River Valley in North America. Britain ended up winning and got a lot of land, however it left them with huge debt. To pay it off, Britain raised the taxes in the colonies and abandoned its previous salutary neglect. Britain put new rules, such as the Sugar and Stamp Act resulting in the colonists growing angry since they had no representation in Parliament. This change in British policy eventually built up the resentment that would later lead to rebellion.
Sugar Act 1764
The Sugar Act was passed in 1764 and enforced taxes on imported sugar, molasses, and several other goods that entered into the 13 colonies as well as other imposed trade restrictions. It was created to generate revenue for the British Crown to pay for the debts caused by the French and Indian War. The establishment of the act immediately resulted in protest from the colonists, especially merchants involved in sugar and rum trade. The act was an example of the Parliament enforcing economic control over the colonies and helped create a long-term resentment of Britain from the colonists. As a result of the Sugar Act, the colonists were introduced to the idea that these laws were being passed without their knowledge because they lacked representation in the government. However, the British government believed that these were measures that must be set to raise their revenue.
Albany Plan 1754
The Albany Plan was a proposal made by Benjamin Franklin in order to unify the colonial government during the French & Indian War. Although it was rejected by the British Crown and the Colonies, the Albany Plan illustrated a way for cooperative decision-making. The Crown didn’t approve of the plan because they feared they would lose their power, and would provide the colonies with too much independence. However, the colonies believed Franklin’s proposal would do the opposite, and decrease their autonomy. This was a change from previous practices, as it was one of the first main attempts to unify the government, and it provided the foundation for the Continental Congress later on.
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Transcript
Road to Revolution
You made it!
Click the key for the final letter and correctly unscramble the word to unlock the treasure!
iancdnpnyeedede
Hint: It's two words
Think you got the unscrambled word? Click the treasure chest!
Second Continental Congress 1775
At the Second Continental Congress in 1775, colonial representatives for all 13 colonies gathered together to discuss the ongoing war effort against Great Britain. At the meeting, the Continental army was established and everyone worked together to achieve independence from Great Britain. Several colonists believed that the congress was a vital step to achieving autonomy from Britain however some loyalists to the British Crown felt as though they were destroying social order and loyalty to the crown. As a result of these varying perspectives, the divide between the colonies and Britain continued and ultimately resulted in the independence of the colonies. The Second Continental Congress is in some ways similar to the First Continental Congress such that both were held to discuss grievances against British rule in the colonies. However, they differed in their solutions to the grievances because the First Continental Congress resulted in created petitions and boycotts whereas the Second involved engaging in a war effort with an army and fighting for independence.
Common Sense 1775
Common Sense was a pamphlet that was distributed throughout the colonies in which the author, Thomas Paine, advocated for independence from Britain. The Colonies had been advocating for direct representation in the Parliament for several years, but were unsuccessful in accomplishing this. England’s refusal to allow direct representation, combined with the taxes it imposed, helped to make Common Sense a tool in promoting the idea of independence.
Intolerable Acts (1774)
The Intolerable Acts were laws passed in 1774 after the Boston Tea Party, designed to restrict Massachusetts in order to increase British Control by closing the Boston Harbor and restricting colonial assemblies. However, the acts did the opposite of what the British wanted, and instead caused the colonists to join together as they believed Britain threatened their liberties. The Patriots viewed the laws as tyranny and increased the calls for resistance in order to regain their rights.
Quartering Act 1765
The Quartering Act of 1765 forced American colonists to provide housing, food, and clothing to British troops. Due to the losses in the French and Indian War, Britain enforced the act to reduce the costs of housing soldiers and enforce greater imperial authority. The colonists viewed the act as incredibly intrusive of their personal freedom and resources. Great Britain's continuing use of such laws within the colonies represents their long-standing use of laws to maintain control over the colonies. However, overtime colonial reactions begin to differ as colonists begin to disagree and feel angered by the enforcement.
Navigation Act - 1651
The Navigation Acts of 1651 were a series of laws enforced by the British Crown that required colonists to only use British ships for trade and certain goods such as tobacco and sugar could only be sent to the home country. These laws were created by the English Parliament because Great Britain wanted to establish mercantilist policies. As a result of the Navigation Acts, the wealth of the colonies directly enriched the mother country and England strengthened their control over Atlantic trade. However, after having to abide by the rules of these new laws many British colonists felt it was unfair that they were restricted and their trade was limited.
Tea Act (1773)
The Tea Act of 1773 was another law that was passed by the British Parliament that allowed the British East India Company, a joint-stock company, to directly sell tea to the British colonists without the company having to pay the same taxes as many colonial merchants and thus allowing them to sell the tea at a cheaper price. Ultimately, despite the cheaper prices the colonists were still required to pay taxes for the tea and were angered that they were still being taxed without representation in the British Parliament. The Tea Act was actually similar to the Stamp Act in the sense that both acts angered colonists about their lack of representation in decision making. However, the Stamp Act raised prices with taxes on paper products while the Tea Act actually lowered the price of tea for colonists.
Boston Massacre
The Boston Massacre happened in 1770 due to tensions between the colonists and British soldiers in Boston. Colonists had been angry for a while about the taxes because the Crown passed these without giving the colonists direct representation. It was a fight that started with snowballs thrown at British soldiers because the colonists were angry about the Townshend acts, and as tensions escalated, the event ended with five civilians dead when British troops fired into a crowd. The Boston Massacre had a huge effect on the colonists' perspectives and raised feelings against virtual representations. Propaganda was made to spread the story as a massacre to gain more support in favor of representation in parliament. This differed from previous protests because violence and the spread of propaganda were now more widely used to unite the colonies and gain traction. However, the Loyalists believed the soldiers were acting in self-defense, illustrating how the political divisions in the colonies were still the same.
Pontiac's Rebellion 1763
Pontiac’s Rebellion occurred in 1763 when Native American chief Pontiac led attacks on British forts and settlements due to Native frustrations with British imperial policies and practices. The rebellion was an act of resistance against the British for encroaching native land, trading unfairly, etc. Pontiac’s rebellion was one of many as over time several Native American tribes attempted to resist unfair treatment and encroachment from the British. As these acts of resistance continued, British colonists felt as though the Native Americans were an active threat to their lives and society while the Natives found it essential to maintain their sovereignty.
Declaration of Independence 1776
In 1776, the 13 colonies signed the Declaration of Independence to formally announce their separation from British rule. Before this declaration, the colonies had repeatedly petitioned the Crown for direct representation as Parliament continued to impose various taxes. These efforts proved unsuccessful, and rising tensions ultimately erupted at Lexington and Concord, the first battle of the Revolution. With shots fired and war inevitable, Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration to justify the colonies’ decision to break away from England’s rule.
First Continental Congress 1774
The First Continental Congress met in 1774 and was a meeting of 12 delegates from Philadelphia that met as a response to the Intolerable Acts. The Congress was built on previous committees inspired by the cooperation of the colonies, but it was different as it was greatly expanded and included most of the colonies. It also illustrated earlier ideas like Benjamin Franklin’s desire for unity from the Albany Plan. For many of the British colonists, the Congress was an important step in getting greater control of their colonies.
Stamp Act 1765
The Stamp Act of 1765 was passed by the British and forced every colonist to purchase a stamp on any piece of printed paper. Regardless of the purpose of the paper, the colonists were forced to pay for a stamp. The British enforced this to cover the losses from the French and Indian War and raise revenue for British military troops. Immediately after the law was enforced, colonists were enraged and disgruntled over the fact that they had no representation in the Parliament and were forced to pay the taxes. It was seen as incredibly unfair by the colonists however the British government felt as though the Stamp Act was a necessary law for them to earn back some of the money they had previously lost.
French and Indian War 1754–1763
The French & Indian War was a conflict between Britain and France from 1754 to 1763 over control of the Ohio River Valley in North America. Britain ended up winning and got a lot of land, however it left them with huge debt. To pay it off, Britain raised the taxes in the colonies and abandoned its previous salutary neglect. Britain put new rules, such as the Sugar and Stamp Act resulting in the colonists growing angry since they had no representation in Parliament. This change in British policy eventually built up the resentment that would later lead to rebellion.
Sugar Act 1764
The Sugar Act was passed in 1764 and enforced taxes on imported sugar, molasses, and several other goods that entered into the 13 colonies as well as other imposed trade restrictions. It was created to generate revenue for the British Crown to pay for the debts caused by the French and Indian War. The establishment of the act immediately resulted in protest from the colonists, especially merchants involved in sugar and rum trade. The act was an example of the Parliament enforcing economic control over the colonies and helped create a long-term resentment of Britain from the colonists. As a result of the Sugar Act, the colonists were introduced to the idea that these laws were being passed without their knowledge because they lacked representation in the government. However, the British government believed that these were measures that must be set to raise their revenue.
Albany Plan 1754
The Albany Plan was a proposal made by Benjamin Franklin in order to unify the colonial government during the French & Indian War. Although it was rejected by the British Crown and the Colonies, the Albany Plan illustrated a way for cooperative decision-making. The Crown didn’t approve of the plan because they feared they would lose their power, and would provide the colonies with too much independence. However, the colonies believed Franklin’s proposal would do the opposite, and decrease their autonomy. This was a change from previous practices, as it was one of the first main attempts to unify the government, and it provided the foundation for the Continental Congress later on.
Congratulations!
You have successfully made across the Road to Revolution!
Click the chest to restart