Educational Theories

Educational Theories

Kohlberg developed 6 stages of moral development over 3 levels, pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional. Corresponding with childhood, adolecense, and adulthood.

Jean Piaget

Lev Vygotsky

Erikson's Psychsocial Development follows the development of a person from birth to old age. There are 8 stages that one must achieve positively or negatively for personality development.

Vygotsky believed that a child or student has concepts they already know and have mastered from parents. He also believed there are some concepts a child is awere of but need guidance to master. He called this ZPD or Zone of Proximal Development.

Jean Piaget studied the cognitive development of children. He believed there are 4 stages of cognitive development and that each stage is achieved before passing to the next stage.

1. Erikson's theory will be beneficial in therapy or counseling and determining personality development at different ages.
2. Will help develop care plans for families with young children.
3. Help to handle the complex emotions of adolecense.

1. know the stages of morality for the different age groups I could be treating will help to develop dilemmas/problems to see how a patient would react.
2. Will help to assess thier morality, ethics and cognition.

1. Will help if treating children with developmental delays
2. Help with developing an IEP for a toddler or school age child.
3. Educate families on development delays and coping.

1. Montioring patient behaviors based on that of their parents and cultural background.
2. It will help with communication and guidance with patient and family.

Gardner believed there is more than general intelligence. He believed there are multiple ways to show intelligence, for example through language, mathmateical skills and even musically.

Behaviorism is a theory that states behavior is learned from interactions one has with their surroundings. Reward and Punishment or conditioning can shape behavior or behavioral response.

Social cognitive theory states that people learn from watching others in their enviorment. They learn skills and gain confidence from adults or peers. Becoming self-effcient.

1. Knowing what a patient's strong suit/skill is can help to develop activities for therapy
2. You can also use it to challenge them in an area where they are lacking to help develop that intelligence.

1. We can use this in therapy to help determine the behavior of a child for example, watching the parents. A child will learn first from the parent.
2. Learning about a patients personal unbringing and environment can help with treatment/therapy.

1. Providing rewards during therapy when a behavior is warranted and need encouragement.
2. Removal of a reward with there is bad or unwanted behavior
3. Observing patient's in a clinical setting when presents with different obstacles/tests to complete and evaluate their behavior

Cognitive learning theory focuses on how we process information and turn it into knowledge. This focus is more internal or mental, unlike behavioral which is more external and environmental.

Constructivism is learning from a experience you have already had and constructing new ideas or using past experiences to formulate new ideas.

Theories of concept learning is how we interpret and retain knowledge from all learning theories.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: 5 levels of needs structured in pyramid form including basic survival needs (food, water), safety needs, emotional needs, love, and self actualization. Each level must be met before going to the next.

1. In therapy I could use past experiences to construct new learning or ideas.
2. We could use simulation with past experiences and develop different outcomes.

1. Understanding how a patient processes information can help development treatment direct negative behavior.
2. Cognitive therapy can help with behavior modifications and negative thinking.

1. Using multiple theories to evaluate and treat patients.
2. Understand the patient's learning process and how they preceive information.

1. This theory will establish if a patient has meet they needs of each level and if not developing a plan to get the patient to achieve that need or goal.2. By establishing if needs are met we can treat the patient for any unmet needs.