VENTILATION
brinlee hamilton
the effect of VENTILATION on cardiac output
Ventilation can decrease cardiac output by increasing intrathoracic pressure. The increased intrathoracic pressure decreases venous return and right heart filling, which may reduce cardiac output. It might also increase pulmonary vascular resistance.Corp, A., Thomas, C., & Adlam, M. (2021). The cardiovascular effects of positive pressure ventilation. BJA Education, 21(6), 202–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjae.2021.01.002
BReathing and respration
ventalation
Breathing
Differentiate in detail the difference between respiratory distress, failure and arrest.
Breathing problems can range from mild struggles to life-threatening situations. Breathing problems can be mild or very serious. If someone is in respiratory distress, they’re working hard to breathe but still getting enough oxygen. In respiratory failure, the body can’t swap oxygen and carbon dioxide like it should. At this point, a person might look confused, struggle for air, or even turn bluish. The worst case is respiratory arrest, when breathing stops completely. The severity of the issue increases from distress to failure to arrest, and with each stage, medical help is needed more urgently.
Ventilation is basically how we breathe in and out. When we inhale, oxygen comes in, and when we exhale, carbon dioxide goes out. This process involves two main parts: inhalation and exhalation. Inhalation is when we breathe in oxygen-rich air, while exhalation is when we release carbon dioxide back into the air. The whole process of ventilation happens because of changes in air pressure inside the lungs, which are caused by the movement of muscles. When the diaphragm and the muscles between your ribs contract, they expand your chest, lowering the pressure inside the lungs and pulling air in. This is when you inhale. On the other hand, when these muscles relax, the chest cavity shrinks, which increases the pressure and forces the air out—this is exhalation. This back-and-forth motion keeps fresh oxygen flowing into the lungs while pushing carbon dioxide out, both of which are essential for breathing and overall gas exchange.
Breathing is how we take in oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide. It happens in two steps: inhaling (inspiration) and exhaling (expiration). When we inhale, the diaphragm and the muscles between our ribs contract, making the chest cavity expand and pulling air into the lungs. When we exhale, these muscles relax, and the chest cavity shrinks, pushing the air out. All of this is powered by the diaphragm, which moves to control the flow of air in and out of the lungs.
VENTILATION
brinlee hamilton
Created on September 2, 2025
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Transcript
VENTILATION
brinlee hamilton
the effect of VENTILATION on cardiac output
Ventilation can decrease cardiac output by increasing intrathoracic pressure. The increased intrathoracic pressure decreases venous return and right heart filling, which may reduce cardiac output. It might also increase pulmonary vascular resistance.Corp, A., Thomas, C., & Adlam, M. (2021). The cardiovascular effects of positive pressure ventilation. BJA Education, 21(6), 202–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjae.2021.01.002
BReathing and respration
ventalation
Breathing
Differentiate in detail the difference between respiratory distress, failure and arrest.
Breathing problems can range from mild struggles to life-threatening situations. Breathing problems can be mild or very serious. If someone is in respiratory distress, they’re working hard to breathe but still getting enough oxygen. In respiratory failure, the body can’t swap oxygen and carbon dioxide like it should. At this point, a person might look confused, struggle for air, or even turn bluish. The worst case is respiratory arrest, when breathing stops completely. The severity of the issue increases from distress to failure to arrest, and with each stage, medical help is needed more urgently.
Ventilation is basically how we breathe in and out. When we inhale, oxygen comes in, and when we exhale, carbon dioxide goes out. This process involves two main parts: inhalation and exhalation. Inhalation is when we breathe in oxygen-rich air, while exhalation is when we release carbon dioxide back into the air. The whole process of ventilation happens because of changes in air pressure inside the lungs, which are caused by the movement of muscles. When the diaphragm and the muscles between your ribs contract, they expand your chest, lowering the pressure inside the lungs and pulling air in. This is when you inhale. On the other hand, when these muscles relax, the chest cavity shrinks, which increases the pressure and forces the air out—this is exhalation. This back-and-forth motion keeps fresh oxygen flowing into the lungs while pushing carbon dioxide out, both of which are essential for breathing and overall gas exchange.
Breathing is how we take in oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide. It happens in two steps: inhaling (inspiration) and exhaling (expiration). When we inhale, the diaphragm and the muscles between our ribs contract, making the chest cavity expand and pulling air into the lungs. When we exhale, these muscles relax, and the chest cavity shrinks, pushing the air out. All of this is powered by the diaphragm, which moves to control the flow of air in and out of the lungs.