Persistent sadness
What people see
Loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed
Social withdrawal
Feelings of anger, anxiety, shame, guilt, or helplessness
Self-harm
Changes in appetite
Thoughts of suicide
Fatigue or lack of energy
Irritability
What people don’t see
Memory or concentration problems
Unexplained aches, pains, or digestive problems
Sleeping too much or too little
Feeling heavy in the body
Changes in substance use
Feeling heavy in the body
Depression can cause a feeling of heaviness, like you’re trying to move through sludge.
Irritability
Depression can affect your levels of patience and cause you to feel irritable or frustrated more easily than before.
Persistent sadness
One of the main symptoms of depression is a persistent feeling of sadness. It affects your mood and can also affect your daily life and ability to function.
Changes in substance use
When experiencing depression, you or a loved one may increase the use of drugs or alcohol as a coping mechanism.
Sleeping too much or too little
Depression can affect your sleeping habits. It may cause insomnia and an inability to sleep, or you may sleep much more than usual.
Unexplained aches, pains, or digestive problems
Depression can cause physical pain, aches, and even digestive upset. These may show up as headaches, nausea, constipation, and bodily discomfort that can’t be explained by other causes.
Social withdrawal
Depression may cause you to withdraw from people and social situations and spend more time alone.
Self-harm
Feelings of persistent sadness and hopelessness may cause people with depression to consider self-harming behaviors.
Thoughts of suicide
Depression can cause you or a loved one to think about suicide. Please call the suicide hotline (988 in the U.S.) or emergency services if you or a loved one is struggling with this symptom.
Feelings of anger, anxiety, shame, guilt, or helplessness
Depression isn’t just sadness. It can cause a range of troubling feelings that affect your mood and daily life.
Changes in appetite
Depression may affect how much you want to eat, which can result in emotional eating and weight gain or eating less and losing weight.
Fatigue or lack of energy
Depression can cause a profound lack of energy and fatigue. It can be so severe that it affects your ability to function in daily life.
Memory or concentration problems
Some people experience brain fog and trouble focusing and remembering, which can affect many aspects of daily life, like school and work.
Loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed
Related to persistent sadness, depression also causes a loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed. This may show up as social withdrawal and isolation.
[DE-0080] Depression Iceberg
MyHealthTeam
Created on June 26, 2025
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Transcript
Persistent sadness
What people see
Loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed
Social withdrawal
Feelings of anger, anxiety, shame, guilt, or helplessness
Self-harm
Changes in appetite
Thoughts of suicide
Fatigue or lack of energy
Irritability
What people don’t see
Memory or concentration problems
Unexplained aches, pains, or digestive problems
Sleeping too much or too little
Feeling heavy in the body
Changes in substance use
Feeling heavy in the body
Depression can cause a feeling of heaviness, like you’re trying to move through sludge.
Irritability
Depression can affect your levels of patience and cause you to feel irritable or frustrated more easily than before.
Persistent sadness
One of the main symptoms of depression is a persistent feeling of sadness. It affects your mood and can also affect your daily life and ability to function.
Changes in substance use
When experiencing depression, you or a loved one may increase the use of drugs or alcohol as a coping mechanism.
Sleeping too much or too little
Depression can affect your sleeping habits. It may cause insomnia and an inability to sleep, or you may sleep much more than usual.
Unexplained aches, pains, or digestive problems
Depression can cause physical pain, aches, and even digestive upset. These may show up as headaches, nausea, constipation, and bodily discomfort that can’t be explained by other causes.
Social withdrawal
Depression may cause you to withdraw from people and social situations and spend more time alone.
Self-harm
Feelings of persistent sadness and hopelessness may cause people with depression to consider self-harming behaviors.
Thoughts of suicide
Depression can cause you or a loved one to think about suicide. Please call the suicide hotline (988 in the U.S.) or emergency services if you or a loved one is struggling with this symptom.
Feelings of anger, anxiety, shame, guilt, or helplessness
Depression isn’t just sadness. It can cause a range of troubling feelings that affect your mood and daily life.
Changes in appetite
Depression may affect how much you want to eat, which can result in emotional eating and weight gain or eating less and losing weight.
Fatigue or lack of energy
Depression can cause a profound lack of energy and fatigue. It can be so severe that it affects your ability to function in daily life.
Memory or concentration problems
Some people experience brain fog and trouble focusing and remembering, which can affect many aspects of daily life, like school and work.
Loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed
Related to persistent sadness, depression also causes a loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed. This may show up as social withdrawal and isolation.