This site, near Warkworth in the Auckland region, was pine harvested between 2021 and 2022. A stunning example of natural regeneration, it has no supplementary plantings and a good diversity of native species. It was about 2 years old in this photo. Native shrubs and trees, including tree ferns, patē (seven-finger), māhoe, karamū, and hangehange, are prominent, with invasive pampas grass and wilding pine trees growing throughout the site. There is minor browsing by goats, which can ring-bark and push over emerging seedlings. The moderate weed abundance and few browsers, combined with the warm climate and good seed sources, mean the site is growing fast, with most natives 2–5 metres tall 3 years after pine harvest. This native regenerating forest is visited by native birds such as kererū and pīpīwhararauroa (shining cuckoos), as well as many other common birds.
Site Biodiversity Ratings
Native growth rate
Native diversity
Weeds
Pests
Overall
This site, at Ohauiti in the Bay of Plenty region, was pine harvested in 2021 and has abundant natural regeneration with no supplementary plantings. It was about 3 years old in this photo. This regenerating forest had all the wilding pines removed and is wonderfully diverse, with many native understorey shrubs and trees, including māhoe, makomako (wineberry), coprosmas, and akeake. The native trees are growing fast in the warm weather of the Bay of Plenty and are 2–5 metres tall 4 years after pine harvest. There are a few deer, which browse emerging seedlings and reduce the diversity of the regenerating forest, resulting in a mature forest dominated by tree species that deer prefer not to eat. This native regenerating forest is visited by native birds such as kotare (kingfisher) and tauhou (silvereye), and common birds such as the yellow hammer.
Site Biodiversity Ratings
Native growth rate
Native diversity
Weeds
Pests
Overall
This site, near Iwitahi in the Bay of Plenty region, is a recently-harvested pine forest where logging debris and bare land are evident. This a good example of how the whenua looks after pine harvest and before natural regeneration begins. The vegetation is dominated by fleabane, a weed that deer might browse. There are no birds visiting at this stage because there is no good-quality habitat nor food sources.
Site Biodiversity Ratings
Native growth rate
Native diversity
Weeds
Pests
Overall
This site, near Napier in the Hawke’s Bay region, was pine harvested in 2010. The subsequent natural regeneration, with no supplementary plantings, was 14 years old in this photo. This forest has low canopy-tree diversity and is dominated by makomako (wineberry) shrubs and kōtukutuku (tree fuchsia) despite there being mature beech forest nearby. Most of the trees are 2–5 metres tall (with some reaching over 5 metres), which is relatively slow growing, possibly due to lower temperatures at this higher elevation. The more diverse understorey species are affected by deer and pigs browsing the emerging seedlings and reducing the diversity of the regenerating forest. This native regenerating forest is home to native birds such as pīwakawaka (fantails) and korimako (bellbirds), and common birds such as redpoll finches.
Site Biodiversity Ratings
Native growth rate
Native diversity
Weeds
Pests
Overall
This site, near Shannon in the Manawatū-Whanganui region, was pine harvested in 2013 and was 11 years old in this photo. The natural regeneration includes some eucalypts as a nursery crop to protect the young native trees as they grow. This is a wonderfully diverse regenerating forest, which houses a range of native shrubs and trees including horopito, putaputawētā (marbleleaf), and coprosmas, as well as podocarp species such as miro, tōtara, rimu, and threatened rātā. There are a few invasive wilding pines, and the deer population is controlled by hunters. This native regenerating forest is a wonderful example of a high-elevation temperate rainforest, but the high elevation does mean that tree growth is slower here.
Site Biodiversity Ratings
Native growth rate
Native diversity
Weeds
Pests
Overall
This site, near Huntly in the Waikato region, was pine harvested in 2019 and is dominated by dense regrowth of wilding pine trees and weedy shrubs, including gorse, privet, and highly toxic woolly nightshade. This natural regeneration has had no human intervention and was about 5 years old in this photo. Gorse is a good nursery plant for native regeneration, and at this site native trees, including tree ferns, māhoe, kānuka and akeake, are growing through the gorse. They are all less than 2 metres tall 5 years after pine harvest. Regeneration has been negatively affected by pigs and goats, which browse and uproot emerging seedlings, slowing regeneration despite good seed sources nearby.
Site Biodiversity Ratings
Native growth rate
Native diversity
Weeds
Pests
Overall
Resilient landscapes
Karen
Created on April 10, 2025
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Transcript
This site, near Warkworth in the Auckland region, was pine harvested between 2021 and 2022. A stunning example of natural regeneration, it has no supplementary plantings and a good diversity of native species. It was about 2 years old in this photo. Native shrubs and trees, including tree ferns, patē (seven-finger), māhoe, karamū, and hangehange, are prominent, with invasive pampas grass and wilding pine trees growing throughout the site. There is minor browsing by goats, which can ring-bark and push over emerging seedlings. The moderate weed abundance and few browsers, combined with the warm climate and good seed sources, mean the site is growing fast, with most natives 2–5 metres tall 3 years after pine harvest. This native regenerating forest is visited by native birds such as kererū and pīpīwhararauroa (shining cuckoos), as well as many other common birds.
Site Biodiversity Ratings
Native growth rate
Native diversity
Weeds
Pests
Overall
This site, at Ohauiti in the Bay of Plenty region, was pine harvested in 2021 and has abundant natural regeneration with no supplementary plantings. It was about 3 years old in this photo. This regenerating forest had all the wilding pines removed and is wonderfully diverse, with many native understorey shrubs and trees, including māhoe, makomako (wineberry), coprosmas, and akeake. The native trees are growing fast in the warm weather of the Bay of Plenty and are 2–5 metres tall 4 years after pine harvest. There are a few deer, which browse emerging seedlings and reduce the diversity of the regenerating forest, resulting in a mature forest dominated by tree species that deer prefer not to eat. This native regenerating forest is visited by native birds such as kotare (kingfisher) and tauhou (silvereye), and common birds such as the yellow hammer.
Site Biodiversity Ratings
Native growth rate
Native diversity
Weeds
Pests
Overall
This site, near Iwitahi in the Bay of Plenty region, is a recently-harvested pine forest where logging debris and bare land are evident. This a good example of how the whenua looks after pine harvest and before natural regeneration begins. The vegetation is dominated by fleabane, a weed that deer might browse. There are no birds visiting at this stage because there is no good-quality habitat nor food sources.
Site Biodiversity Ratings
Native growth rate
Native diversity
Weeds
Pests
Overall
This site, near Napier in the Hawke’s Bay region, was pine harvested in 2010. The subsequent natural regeneration, with no supplementary plantings, was 14 years old in this photo. This forest has low canopy-tree diversity and is dominated by makomako (wineberry) shrubs and kōtukutuku (tree fuchsia) despite there being mature beech forest nearby. Most of the trees are 2–5 metres tall (with some reaching over 5 metres), which is relatively slow growing, possibly due to lower temperatures at this higher elevation. The more diverse understorey species are affected by deer and pigs browsing the emerging seedlings and reducing the diversity of the regenerating forest. This native regenerating forest is home to native birds such as pīwakawaka (fantails) and korimako (bellbirds), and common birds such as redpoll finches.
Site Biodiversity Ratings
Native growth rate
Native diversity
Weeds
Pests
Overall
This site, near Shannon in the Manawatū-Whanganui region, was pine harvested in 2013 and was 11 years old in this photo. The natural regeneration includes some eucalypts as a nursery crop to protect the young native trees as they grow. This is a wonderfully diverse regenerating forest, which houses a range of native shrubs and trees including horopito, putaputawētā (marbleleaf), and coprosmas, as well as podocarp species such as miro, tōtara, rimu, and threatened rātā. There are a few invasive wilding pines, and the deer population is controlled by hunters. This native regenerating forest is a wonderful example of a high-elevation temperate rainforest, but the high elevation does mean that tree growth is slower here.
Site Biodiversity Ratings
Native growth rate
Native diversity
Weeds
Pests
Overall
This site, near Huntly in the Waikato region, was pine harvested in 2019 and is dominated by dense regrowth of wilding pine trees and weedy shrubs, including gorse, privet, and highly toxic woolly nightshade. This natural regeneration has had no human intervention and was about 5 years old in this photo. Gorse is a good nursery plant for native regeneration, and at this site native trees, including tree ferns, māhoe, kānuka and akeake, are growing through the gorse. They are all less than 2 metres tall 5 years after pine harvest. Regeneration has been negatively affected by pigs and goats, which browse and uproot emerging seedlings, slowing regeneration despite good seed sources nearby.
Site Biodiversity Ratings
Native growth rate
Native diversity
Weeds
Pests
Overall