Pplus_short_TA4_INTL

Resources, Glossary

Mind Map

Case Studies

Joint International Educational Programmes

Engaging with International Professional Bodies and Academic Networks

Internationalisation through Student Participation

Final Quiz - Survey - Badge

Preliminary Assessment

Sum up Infographic

Introduction of Module

Unit 4.2

Index

Supporting materials

Unit 4.1

Learning materials

Unit 4.3

Keywords: International Professional Bodies, International Research and Publishing, Visibility of Academic Activities, International Mobility, International Collaboration, International Events

Learning Outcomes of the Module By using the course material, completing the exercises, and consulting the provided sources you will achieve the following learning outcomes :

The module Internationalisation - Impact and Mission with and for Society will equip you with the knowledge, skills, and resources needed to create inclusive, culturally responsive, and globally connected learning environments, and it will also empower you for enhancing student learning experiences. The module has been developed with the aim to enhance your awareness of various aspects which can help you better consider the benefits of the membership in international professional bodies, participating in international research, finding funding and publishing in internationally recognised journals, motivating and engaging students in international events and activities and developing joint international educational programmes.

Aims and Goals of the Module

Self-reflection is a valuable tool when developing your course. It helps you identify your strengths and areas for improvement. Our course supports you in strengthening your weaknesses and designing a better learning experience for your students.

Assess yourself along the PROFFORMANCE Assessment tool statements INTL TA4 - Competences on innovative teaching and learning

Assess your competence in text by the PROFFORMANCE Assessment Tool.

What is your experience?

Statements

Assessment Tool

Self-reflection

This is a paragraph of text waiting to be awesome content

Self-reflection questions about...

Ability to identify the international field-related professional body and planning its membership

Understanding the importance of membership of international field-related professional bodies

Ways to Publish your work in globally recognized peer-reviewed journals and publishing houses

Ways to Involve Students in International Mobility

Ways to increase visibility of your academic activities via open online platforms

Ways to develop joint international educational programmes

Ways on Motivating Students to Participate in International Publishing and Collaboration

Understanding the importance of joint international educational programmes

Ways to Find Funding Programmes for Your Research Idea

Ways to Participate in International Research, Innovation, and Societal Projects

This is a paragraph of text waiting to be awesome content

I am involved in international research, innovation and societal projects, and/or I publish my research in internationally recognized peer-reviewed journals and publishing houses.

I am a member of international professional bodies relevant to my field.

I involve students in student mobility and other forms of international collaboration.

I encourage students to participate in international events/projects and/or to publish in internationally recognised journals.

Hint

Hint

Hint

Hint

Assess yourself

Assess yourself

Assess yourself

Assess yourself

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By the end of this unit, you will be equipped to...

Introduction

In the Unit 4.1, you will explore the importance and benefits of joining international professional bodies relevant to your academic field. You will learn how such memberships enhance your access to cutting-edge knowledge, expand your professional networks, and contribute to your recognition and credibility in the global academic community. The Unit provides practical steps for identifying and joining professional associations, as well as engaging meaningfully in their activities. You will also discover how these memberships can support your participation in international research projects, increase your visibility as a scholar, and contribute to interdisciplinary learning. Through targeted exercises, you will gain hands-on experience in identifying suitable professional bodies, evaluating their benefits, and planning your own engagement strategy.

UNIT 4.1

Here are several key reasons:

Access to the Latest Research and Knowledge

Networking Opportunities

Recognition and Credibility

Opportunities for Leadership and Service

Professional Development

Funding and Grant Opportunities

Interdisciplinary Learning and Cross-Cultural Perspectives

Why is it important for higher education teachers to be members of international professional bodies relevant to their field and to hold expertise-specific memberships in international organizations (such as associations, societies, or networks)?

UNIT 4.1

The Importance of membership in international professional bodies

EXCELLENT

Limited access to emerging research and innovations

Verification

Discounts or free access to workshops, webinars, and publications

Invitation to international conferences and events

Missed access to field-specific publications and reports

Fewer opportunities for collaboration with international experts

Access to specialized journals, databases, and research

Limited to local networks

Access to a global network of professionals

Access to Exclusive Resources

Networking Opportunities

Drawbacks or Missed Opportunities from Not Joining

Benefits of Joining a Professional Body

UNIT 4.1

Aspect

MORE aspects

Below is a comparison chart listing the potential benefits of joining an international professional body versus not joining one. Some slots are left vacant. Research each category and complete the chart with benefits of joining and drawbacks of not joining an international professional body in your field. Focus on aspects like networking opportunities, access to resources, professional development, and credibility.

Exercise 1: Benefits Comparison Chart

EXCELLENT

Mentorship programmes with industry leaders

Verification

Less credibility with clients and peers

Displays commitment to industry standards and ethics

UNIT 4.1

Less international recognition and lower competitiveness

Professional Development

Limited guidance for career advancement

Membership enhances credibility with employers and peers

Fewer opportunities for recognized professional certifications

Eligibility for advanced training programmes and certifications

Credibility and Recognition

Drawbacks or Missed Opportunities from Not Joining

Benefits of Joining a Professional Body

Aspect

fill in

fill in

fill in

fill in

fill in

fill in

fill in

fill in

fill in

fill in

fill in

fill in

Major achievements or industry impact

Awards, contributions, or prominent members

Access to specialized resources

Networking opportunities

Application process (e.g., membership fee, documentation)

Minimum qualifications, certifications, or experience required (e.g., years in the field)

Professional Body #3

Professional Body #2

Notable Members or Achievements

Key Benefits

Membership Requirements

Professional Body

Professional Body #1

Identify three international professional bodies relevant to your field. For each organization, research and fill out the table below with information about membership requirements, key benefits, and notable members or achievements. Use reliable sources to gather the information. This comparative portfolio will help you understand the unique features of each organization and how they might benefit your career.

UNIT 4.1

Sample Outcome

Exercise 2: Comparative Portfolio of Professional Bodies

Higher education teachers can join international professional bodies by following these general steps:

Research Relevant Organizations

Stay Active in the Organization

Submit an Application

Participate in Activities

Review Membership Criteria

How can a higher education teachers become a member of international professional bodies, including associations, societies, and networks, across various fields?

UNIT 4.1

How to become a member of international professional bodies

Build a Strong International Research Profile

Engage in International Innovation and Societal Projects

Publish with Internationally Recognised Publishing Houses

Publish in Internationally Recognised Journals

Apply for International Research Grants

Utilize University Resources and International Partnerships

Networking and Collaboration

Here are several steps to follow:

How can higher education teachers participate in international projects and disseminate their outcomes through valuable publications?

UNIT 4.1

How to become a member of international professional bodies

Example Table for Reference

Instructions:

To identify and define various methods of participating in international research, innovation, and societal projects, and to understand how each method contributes to personal, professional, and global development.

Objective:

UNIT 4.1

To identify and define various methods of participating in international research, innovation, and societal projects, and to understand how each method contributes to personal, professional, and global development.

Exercise 3: Identifying Ways to Participate in International Research and Innovation Projects

Promote Your Published Work

Respond to the Peer Review Process

Finalize the Manuscript for Publication

Identify Target Journals or Publishing Houses

Submit Your Manuscript

EXCELLENT

Prepare the Manuscript for Submission

Verification

Develop a Strong Research Foundation

Solutions

8.

7.

Conduct and Document Your Research

6.

5.

4.

3.

2.

UNIT 4.1

1.

Correct Order

Below are the steps for publishing your research in a globally recognized peer-reviewed journal, but they are out of order. Move them in the correct chronological order.

Exercise 4: Sequencing Steps for Publishing in Peer-Reviewed Journals

A. Participate in groups or forums specific to your field where you can discuss topics, share insights, and connect with peers globally. B. Write accessible summaries or explanations of your research findings to engage broader audiences, including those outside academia. C. Contribute data sets, software code, or other materials that others can use or reference, which increases citations and collaborative opportunities. D. Creating profiles on sites like ResearchGate or Academia.edu allows others to follow your work, view your publications, and connect with you. E. Posting about your work on platforms like Twitter (X) or LinkedIn allows you to reach wider audiences and connect with other researchers. F. Making your work available without paywalls makes it accessible to a global audience, increasing the chance of citations and engagement. G. Platforms like arXiv or institutional repositories allow you to share preliminary findings, which makes your work visible even before formal publication.

1. Set up profiles on academic networking platforms. 2. Share preprints and open-access versions of your work. 3. Engage on social media platforms. 4. Publish in open-access journals. 5. Participate in online academic communities. 6. Upload and share data and code on open repositories. 7. Write blog posts or summaries of your research.

Explanations

Steps

Solutions

UNIT 4.1

Exercise 5: Matching Steps to Increase Academic Visibility

Match each step in Column 1 with the correct explanation in Column 2 by drawing a line between the two.

How to Increase the Visibility of Academic Activities

Create and Maintain a Research Profile on Academic Networks

Engage in Online Academic Communities and Discussion Forums

Upload and Share Data and Code on Open Repositories

Track and Share Your Research Metrics and Achievements

Publish in Open Access Journals and Platforms

Engage in Social Media for Academics

Share Preprints and Open Access Versions of Your Work

Write Lay Summaries or Blog Posts on Your Research

Collaborate and Connect with International Research Networks

Participate in Online Webinars and Virtual Conferences

Increasing the visibility of your academic activities on open online platforms can help broaden your network, enhance your research impact, and make your work accessible to a wider audience. Here are some effective ways to do this:

UNIT 4.1

The hands-on exercises have guided you in comparing benefits, identifying relevant organizations, and building a strategy for increasing your research visibility.

You have also explored practical pathways for joining these bodies, participating in international research collaborations, and disseminating your scholarly work through high-impact channels.

Conclusions

The Unit 4.1 has strengthened your awareness of the critical role that international professional bodies play in the academic and professional development of higher education teachers.

As a result, you are now better prepared to: • Proactively pursue memberships that align with your academic identity; • Engage in international initiatives that broaden your impact and influence; • Contribute to a more interconnected and innovative academic community.

You have gained insight into how such memberships provide access to exclusive resources, offer valuable networking and leadership opportunities, and elevate your visibility and credibility within your discipline.

UNIT 4.1

By the end of this unit, you will

Introduction

In the Unit 4.2, you will learn how to effectively motivate and support students to engage in international academic activities, including participation in mobility programmes, international events, and publishing in globally recognised journals. This unit equips you with practical strategies to foster global engagement among students by integrating international perspectives into your teaching, creating mentorship opportunities, and promoting international research collaboration. You will also explore techniques to help students build confidence in navigating global academic settings – ranging from improving language skills and digital literacy to understanding mobility options and scholarship opportunities. Real-life case studies and interactive tasks will deepen your understanding of how to guide students in becoming internationally active, collaborative, and visible scholars.

UNIT 4.2

Here are a few suggestions, that are intended as a flexible set of options. You are encouraged to select approaches that best suit your current context and experience level:

What strategies can higher education teachers use to motivate students to engage in international events and projects, as well as to publish/co-publish in internationally recognised journals?

How to motivate students to engage in international events and publish internationally

Use Technology

Promote Language Skills

Create Collaborative Projects

Recognition and Incentives

Support for Submissions

UNIT 4.2

Mentorship Programmes

Encourage Networking

Host Workshops and Seminars

Provide Research Opportunities

Incorporate Global Perspectives in Curriculum

UNIT 4.2

If you would like to enhance your digital competences, there are many resources available. You may also take the PROFFORMANCE short course DIGITALIZATION.

Reference to other PROFFORMANCE course

Case Study Scenario:

Objective:

Exploring International Collaboration Opportunities

Dr. Sarah Lee is a young researcher in environmental science based at a university in her home country. Although passionate about her field, Sarah feels her work lacks global reach and impact. She’s eager to collaborate internationally, but she’s unsure where to start. Dr. Lee decides to look into three main opportunities: international research mobility, publishing in internationally recognized journals, and joining global research networks.

To encourage students to understand the benefits of international collaboration in academia and research by exploring real-world cases, identifying key opportunities, and strategizing ways to participate in similar initiatives.

Case Study I.

UNIT 4.2

TASK

Sample Student Result - After researching, students develop the following plan for Dr. Lee:

2. Identify Potential Opportunities

5. Class Discussion

3. Develop a Strategy for Dr. Lee

1. Review and Analyze the Case Study Scenario

4. Reflect and Plan Your Own Strategy

UNIT 4.2

Exercise Tasks

Case Study I.

Here are several steps:

How can a higher education teacher engage students in mobility programmes and other forms of international collaboration?

How to involve students in international mobility and other forms of international collaboration

Engage Students in International Research Projects

Integrate Global Themes into the Curriculum

Encourage Participation in Virtual Exchange Programmes

Promote International Exchange Programmes

MORE

UNIT 4.2

UNIT 2

12

Encourage Community Engagement in Global Contexts

Integrate Language Learning

10

Foster Peer-to-Peer Global Engagement

Encourage Participation in International Competitions and Conferences

11

Utilize Technology for International Engagement

Use University Partnerships and Networks

Organize Study Tours and Field Trips

Support Students’ Application for Scholarships and Grants

UNIT 4.2

UNIT 2

You have explored case-based learning strategies that highlight real-world pathways to international collaboration, including identifying opportunities for mobility, global networks, and research publishing.

Conclusions

Through the Unit 4.2, you have learned how to play an active role in motivating and enabling your students to participate in international academic life.

As a result, you are now equipped with actionable strategies to: • Inspire students to seek out and engage in international activities; • Support their journey through mentorship, structural resources, and global platforms; • Help build a more inclusive, outward-facing academic environment that values international collaboration and student empowerment.

You now understand the multifaceted ways in which higher education teachers can cultivate global mindsets – by embedding international themes in curricula, supporting participation in research and mobility programmes, and guiding students through the publication process.

UNIT 4.2

Through real-life case studies and planning exercises, you will gain insight into practical challenges and best practices, equipping you to either initiate or actively contribute to the development of joint programmes at your institution.

Introduction

In the Unit 4.3, you will explore the concept, structure, and implementation of Joint International Educational Programmes, including joint, double, and multiple degree formats. This unit will deepen your understanding of how such programmes function across borders, how they are regulated, and why they are increasingly valued in higher education. You will learn about:

UNIT 4.3

On PhD level the HEIs may offer a Cotutelle – joint supervision, when the doctoral candidate must have a minimum of two supervisors from different universities and must carry out part of their PhD education at each of those universities.

Quality assurance agencies are advocating that accreditation of a joint programme by one reliable organisation should be sufficient evidence for their quality.

A joint programme is an integrated curriculum coordinated and offered jointly by different higher education institutions and leading to a double, multiple, or joint degree. After the completion of a joint programme the graduate may be awarded a single national qualification, several separate qualifications referred to as a double or multiple qualification, and/or a single document awarding a joint degree, with all participating institutions as issuing authorities.

Joint International Educational Programme

Definition of Joint International Educational Programmes

UNIT 4.3

UNIT 2

International Recognition and Networking

Graduates of joint programmes often receive double, multiple or joint degrees, which are recognised in multiple countries. This increases their employability in a global job market. Additionally, students build valuable international networks through interactions with peers, faculty, and professionals from various countries, which can open doors to global career opportunities.

Access to Expertise and Resources

Global Exposure and Cultural Exchange

Joint programmes allow students and faculty to experience diverse cultural perspectives by studying or teaching in different countries. This helps students broaden their worldviews, learn how to collaborate with people from various cultural backgrounds, and become more globally aware, which is essential in today’s interconnected world.

By combining the strengths of institutions from different countries, joint programmes provide students with access to a broader pool of academic resources, faculty expertise, research opportunities, and state-of-the-art facilities. This collaboration enhances the quality of education and promotes the development of specialised skills.

Here are several key reasons:

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Why are Joint International Educational Programmes important?

UNIT 4.3

Importance of Joint International Educational Programmes

Enhanced Research and Innovation

International collaboration fosters the exchange of ideas and best practices, leading to more innovative research outcomes. Joint programmes often involve collaborative research projects that address global challenges, such as sustainability, healthcare, or technology.

Language Proficiency and Intercultural Competence

Immersing oneself in an international academic environment provides students with opportunities to learn or improve foreign language skills. This also promotes intercultural competence, which is increasingly important in both academic and professional contexts.

Institutional and Economic Benefits

Development of Soft Skills

Participation in joint programmes helps students develop essential soft skills such as adaptability, cross-cultural communication, and problem-solving in multicultural environments. These skills are highly sought after by employers, especially in multinational companies.

For educational institutions, participating in joint programmes enhances their global reputation and creates opportunities for academic partnerships. On a broader scale, these programmes promote international cooperation, foster knowledge transfer, and contribute to the development of human capital across borders.

UNIT 4.3

Here’s a guide:

Consider National Legislation

Agree on degree type

Develop Legal Framework

Programme Design and Curriculum Alignment

Establish Strategic Partnerships

Agree on credit recognition

How can Joint International Educational Programmes be developed to award double, multiple, or joint degrees?

UNIT 4.3

Tips/suggestions/recommendations on development of joint programmes

15

13

11

Agree on course delivery modes

Consider organisational and financial aspects

Funding and Scholarships

Cultural Integration and Community Building

Plan Student Mobility and Exchange

Consider students administrative support

Ensure external quality assurance - Accreditation

Ensure internal quality assurance

Marketing and Recruitment

UNIT 4.3

12

14

10

Alex Chen is a master’s student in engineering at a national university. He’s interested in pursuing a career that allows him to work globally and apply his engineering knowledge to international challenges, particularly in sustainability. Alex’s university recently launched a joint educational programme with a leading university in Europe, which includes double-degree options, collaborative research projects,

Case Study Scenario:

Objective:

Understanding the Value of Joint International Educational Programmes

and study-abroad semesters. Initially uncertain about the benefits, Alex decides to research and evaluate the potential impact of joining this international program. He considers factors such as access to different academic resources, networking opportunities, cultural exposure, and career advancement. Alex also speaks with alumni of the program, who share how the joint degree helped them secure international internships, build a global network, and expand their research horizons.

Case Study II.

UNIT 4.3

TASK

After researching and discussing, students summarize the key benefits and challenges of joint international educational programmes:

2. Evaluate Challenges and Solutions

5. Class Discussion and Reflection

3. Compare Academic and Career Outcomes

1. Identify Benefits of Joint International Programmes

4. Design a Decision-Making Guide

UNIT 4.3

Exercise Tasks

Case Study II.

Conclusions

By completing the Unit 4.3, you have developed a solid understanding of how Joint International Educational Programmes are designed, managed, and evaluated.

You have also explored: • The structural elements of joint programmes, from legal agreements and curricular alignment to credit transfer and quality assurance; • The value these programmes offer in terms of global exposure, intercultural competence, and academic excellence; • The institutional responsibilities, partnerships, and funding strategies required for their success.

You have seen how such programmes enhance global academic collaboration, diversify curricula, and open pathways to greater research, mobility, and employability for students.

UNIT 4.3

Peer-Reviewed Journal

Academic Visibility

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International Professional Body

GLOSSARY

An organization, society, or network that brings together professionals from a specific field across different countries to promote research, collaboration, and standards.

The degree to which a researcher’s work is discoverable and recognized by the broader academic community, often through publication, online platforms, and conference participation.

A scholarly publication in which submitted research is evaluated by independent experts in the same field before being accepted for publication.

International Mobility

Virtual Exchange (VE)

Open Access

A publishing model that allows free and unrestricted access to academic publications, increasing dissemination and citation potential.

Online, collaborative learning experiences between students or teachers from different countries, promoting intercultural dialogue and academic collaboration.

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The movement of students or staff across borders for study, research, internships, or teaching, either physically or virtually, as part of an academic programme.

GLOSSARY

Mentorship Programme

Student Research Support

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Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL)

A specific type of virtual exchange where faculty from different countries co-develop and co-teach modules that connect students internationally.

Resources, training, and mentorship provided to students to encourage and assist them in participating in academic research and publishing.

A structured relationship in which experienced professionals guide and support less experienced individuals, such as students, in their academic or professional development.

GLOSSARY

Double Degree

Joint Degree

Joint International Educational Programme

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An academic programme jointly developed and offered by two or more institutions from different countries, often resulting in a double, multiple, or joint degree.

A single degree awarded by two or more institutions that have jointly developed and delivered the programme, often with a fully integrated curriculum.

A programme where a student receives two separate degree qualifications from two different institutions, based on coordinated but distinct academic curricula.

GLOSSARY

Cotutelle

Curriculum Alignment

Multiple Degree

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A programme leading to more than two degrees from different institutions, each awarded separately and typically requiring that students meet the requirements of each institution.

The process of harmonizing curricula across institutions to ensure academic coherence and mutual recognition of learning outcomes and credits.

A form of joint doctoral supervision where a PhD candidate is supervised by academics from at least two institutions in different countries and completes part of the programme at each.

GLOSSARY

Strategic Academic Partnership

A formal collaboration between higher education institutions aimed at developing joint programmes, research initiatives, or shared academic resources.

Credit Recognition

Student Mobility Framework

European Approach for Quality Assurance of Joint Programmes

A policy framework aimed at streamlining the external quality assurance process for joint programmes within the European Higher Education Area.

A structured plan for the physical or virtual movement of students between institutions in the context of joint or exchange programmes.

The process by which academic credits earned at one institution are accepted by another, typically within a joint or exchange programme.

GLOSSARY

https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/discover/bloomsbury-academic/authors/a-guide-to-the-publishing-process/

https://authorservices.wiley.com/author-resources/Journal-Authors/submission-peer-review/index.html

https://www.springer.com/gp/authors-editors/journal-author/journal-author-helpdesk?srsltid=AfmBOopuiUgx6lu7hxQQM0woASqpi2dEUKrcbkuQkLqZXJctMzy4ET4Z

https://www.elsevier.com/researcher/author/submit-your-paper

https://blog.degruyter.com/how-to-write-a-good-research-paper/

Tips on how to write in an internationally recognised, peer-reviewed journal:

https://www.academia.edu/

https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/funding/funding-opportunities_en

https://www.researchgate.net/

Open Platforms:

https://commission.europa.eu/funding-tenders/find-funding/eu-funding-programmes_en

Find the EU funding schemes and opportunities:

https://www.scimagojr.com/

Find the internatiomally recognised journal relevant to your field:

Resources

4EU+ European University Alliance

https://4euplus.eu/4EU-726.html

Erasmus Mundus Joint Masters – Opportunities for Organisations

https://erasmus-plus.ec.europa.eu/opportunities/opportunities-for-organisations/cooperation-among-organisations-and-institutions/erasmus-mundus-joint-masters

EQAR – European Approach Toolkit for Joint Programmes

https://www.eqar.eu/kb/joint-programmes/#european-approach-online-toolkit

Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions – Doctoral Networks

European Commission – European Degree Blueprint

https://www.eqar.eu/kb/joint-programmes/

EQAR – Joint Programmes Overview

Chevening Scholarships

https://marie-sklodowska-curie-actions.ec.europa.eu/actions/doctoral-networks

https://education.ec.europa.eu/news/commission-presents-a-blueprint-for-a-european-degree

https://www.enic-naric.net/page-joint-programmes-joint-degrees

ENIC-NARIC: Joint Programmes and Joint Degrees

https://www.chevening.org/

https://www.daad.de/en/

DAAD – German Academic Exchange Service

https://erasmus-plus.ec.europa.eu/

Erasmus+ (General Programme Page)

https://foreign.fulbrightonline.org/about/foreign-student-program

Fulbright Foreign Student Program

Resources

Final Quiz of the module

10

Course completed!

Acknowledgements

Many international organizations offer grants, scholarships, or funding for research, travel, or conferences. Membership can help teachers gain access to these resources to support their work.

Funding and Grant Opportunities

Being a member of a reputable international organization lends credibility to the teacher's professional standing. It demonstrates a commitment to their field and a pursuit of excellence, which can bolster their reputation within both their institution and the wider academic community.

Recognition and Credibility

Host Workshops and Seminars

Organize events featuring guest speakers from international organizations or experts who can discuss the importance of global participation and publishing.

2. Challenges and Solutions

• Adapting to Different Educational Systems: Universities can offer preparatory courses or orientation programmes to help students adjust.
• Financial Costs: Scholarships and financial aid are often available to help cover additional costs.
• Balancing Academic Expectations: Students can connect with alumni or mentors for guidance on managing coursework across institutions.

3. Global Research Networks

• Join the International Association for Ecology (INTECOL) to attend conferences, participate in collaborative research, and connect with environmental scientists globally.

• Connect on ResearchGate and LinkedIn with international researchers and stay updated on potential collaborations.

Contribute to Committees: Volunteering in committees or special interest groups can elevate your standing within the organization. Publish or Present Research: Many organizations offer platforms for members to share their research at conferences or in journals. Attend Conferences: Annual meetings or conferences are excellent venues for networking and staying updated on new trends in your field.

Stay Active in the Organization

Academic Credentials: Many organizations require specific qualifications, such as advanced degrees, professional certifications, or significant experience in the field.Professional Experience: Some bodies may ask for teaching or research experience, publications, or contributions to the field. Student or Junior Memberships: Some organizations offer different levels of membership, including discounted rates for early-career academics or students.

Review Membership Criteria

Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs)/Agreements: Formalize the partnership through MoUs or agreements that define the scope of the collaboration, such as the nature of the joint program, degree structure, and responsibilities of each institution.

Develop Legal Framework

Funding Opportunities: Secure funding from international organizations, government grants, or private foundations to support the programme’s development and provide scholarships for students. Offering financial aid and scholarships will attract more participants, especially for international mobility. While securing initial funding is essential, also consider long-term financial sustainability to ensure the programme’s continuity. Institutional Support: use funding from partner institutions for infrastructure, faculty exchanges, and joint research. Consider tuition-sharing models to support operational costs.

Funding and Scholarships

1. International Mobility

• Apply for a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellowship for young researchers to collaborate with a European institution on environmental research.
• Participate in the Erasmus+ Programme for a semester abroad to gain hands-on experience in a new ecosystem, expanding her research scope.

Promote International Exchange Programmes

Inform Students About Opportunities: Raise awareness of available student exchange programmes such as Erasmus+, Fulbright, DAAD, other international funding programmes or bilateral agreements between universities. Frequently hold information sessions, send email notifications, and collaborate with the university’s international office to share details. Support the Application Process: Assist students with the application process by guiding them through paperwork, writing recommendation letters, and helping them understand eligibility criteria. Encourage Short-Term Mobility: Not all students can commit to long-term exchanges. Promote short-term mobility opportunities such as summer schools, internships, and research fellowships abroad.

Contribute to Policy or Advisory Committees: Participation in international advisory committees or think tanks focused on societal challenges can be a route into large-scale innovation projects.

Engage in Multidisciplinary Research: Many societal projects require interdisciplinary approaches, combining different fields. Teachers can broaden their research to contribute to innovation in these areas.

Participate in Global Initiatives: Many global challenges, such as sustainability, public health, and education reform, are addressed through international collaborative projects. Institutions like European Commission, UNESCO, the United Nations, and the World Bank often call for expert participation in such projects (e.g. see: )

4. Engage in International Innovation and Societal Projects

Hint: You actively promote global citizenship and motivate students to engage in international events such as seminars, workshops, trainings, conferences and to target publications in reputable international journals, especially during Master and PhD studies.

Use tools like Altmetric to monitor online engagement (mentions, shares, etc.) with your research. Highlight these metrics on your profiles and CV to demonstrate the impact and reach of your work.

Track and Share Your Research Metrics and Achievements

Encourage Community Engagement in Global Contexts

International Service-Learning Projects: Organize service-learning projects that allow students to work with international communities, either through virtual engagement or travel abroad. This could include volunteer work, development projects, or educational initiatives. NGO Partnerships: Partner with international non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to offer students internships or volunteer opportunities abroad, allowing them to apply their academic knowledge to global challenges.

Attend Publishing Workshops: Many academic conferences host workshops or panels focused on the academic publishing process. Attending these can provide insight into how to approach top publishers.

Focus on Global Relevance: For books and edited volumes, ensure the research addresses issues of international concern or has relevance across multiple regions or disciplines.

Submit to Renowned Publishers: Aim to publish books or research monographs with prestigious publishing houses. These publishers are globally respected and widely distributed.

6. Publish with Internationally Recognised Publishing Houses

Professional coordinators, advisers Vilmos Vass Szilvia Besze Adviser Daliborka Luketic Designer Szabina Gyurisán Horváthné

Authors Irine Darchia Branka Milenkovic Renata Samo Reviewers Veronika Kupriyanova Angeliki Psychogyiou Anca Greere

Acknowledgements

Hint: You know international standards, you communicate at an international level, you publish internationally and participate in international networks, as well. You participate in projects worldwide focused on research, innovation and social impact. You disseminate research results through conferences, seminars, peer-reviewed journals, publishing houses of international standing, etc.

Based on Alex’s scenario, brainstorm a list of potential benefits that joint international programmes offer, such as access to diverse faculty expertise, opportunities to learn new languages, and exposure to innovative research methods.

Read Dr. Lee's case. Imagine you’re in a similar situation: passionate about your field but seeking more international visibility and collaboration. Reflect on how you would approach this.

Forums and Q&A Sites (e.g., Reddit, Stack Exchange)

Join groups where researchers in your field discuss current topics, share articles, and seek collaborations.

Contribute to discussions relevant to your field. Providing insightful answers or participating in discussions can help establish your expertise.

Engage in Online Academic Communities and Discussion Forums

Discipline-Specific Groups on LinkedIn or Facebook

Identify professional bodies that align with your field of expertise or interest. Many associations, societies, and networks cater to specific disciplines, making it crucial to find those that fit your academic focus.

Research Relevant Organizations

Join a global research network related to environmental science.

Identify a journal or publisher suitable for her research.

Apply for at least one international mobility program.

Based on your research, create a step-by-step plan for Dr. Lee to:

Mentorship Programmes

Establish mentorship initiatives where experienced faculty members guide students in navigating the publication process and finding international projects.

Once accepted, members can engage in networking events, conferences, workshops, and professional development opportunities. Active participation often increases the benefits of membership, such as leadership roles or collaborations.

Participate in Activities

Present your work at webinars, podcasts, or virtual conferences, which you can then share on your academic and social media profiles. Recordings of these presentations can be shared on platforms like YouTube or Vimeo for additional reach.

Participate in Online Webinars and Virtual Conferences

Support for Submissions

Provide resources and support for students to submit their work to international journals, including workshops on writing and publication processes.

Course Delivery Models: Decide on the mode of course delivery, which could include in-person, online, blended, or hybrid learning formats. Ensure that students experience both institutions’ academic environments, whether through physical mobility or virtual collaboration.

Agree on course delivery modes

Integrate Language Learning

Language Courses: Encourage students to take foreign language courses as part of their degree, as language skills are often critical for participating in international programmes. Bilingual Curriculum: If possible, contribute to a bilingual or multilingual curriculum by delivering courses in English (or another widely spoken language) to help students become more comfortable working in international settings and increase their chances of engaging in mobility programmes.

Use Technology

Use Technology: Utilize digital tools and platforms that allow students to connect with international events and projects, making participation more accessible.

After developing Dr. Lee’s strategy, outline a similar plan for yourself. Identify specific programmes, journals, and networks that align with your field and goals.

Engage with University Exchange Programmes: Some universities have exchange programmes or formal partnerships with international institutions that provide opportunities for joint research and publishing.

Use Institutional Support: Many universities have dedicated offices that support faculty in applying for international research grants, forming partnerships, and publishing in top-tier journals. Taking advantage of these internal resources can help streamline the process.

5. Utilize University Resources and International Partnerships

Integrate Global Themes into the Curriculum

International Case Studies: Incorporate international case studies, global issues, and cross-cultural examples into your teaching to inspire students to think globally. This can motivate them to seek out opportunities to experience these global contexts firsthand. Collaborative Assignments: Organize assignments where students work with international peers. For example, a project on global business strategies could involve teams with members from different countries.

Accreditation: Ensure that the programme is accredited by the relevant bodies in both (or all) countries. This may involve navigating different accreditation systems, and some programmes may require meeting additional national or regional requirements to ensure the degree is recognised globally. If you teach in a country that has joined the Bologna Process or the European Higher Education Area, ppply the European Approach for Quality Assurance of Joint Programmes if supported by the national legislations

Ensure external quality assurance - Accreditation

Encourage Participation in Virtual Exchange Programmes

Virtual Mobility: Offer students the chance to participate in virtual mobility programmes or online collaborations with international students, which can be more accessible for students unable to travel. Programmes like Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) allow students to work together with peers from other countries. Online Collaborative Projects: Facilitate global teamwork by integrating international online projects into your curriculum. Platforms like Google Classroom, Microsoft Teams, Zoom etc. make it easy to organize group assignments with students from partner universities abroad.

Support Services: Plan in advance support services (e.g., library access, advising, counceling, mentoring, career guidance, extracurricular activities, etc.) at both/all participating institutions to help students navigate academic, cultural, and logistical challenges. Student Identity: Decide how to manage student records and identity across institutions. Will students receive dual IDs from both institutions? Will they have access to resources and facilities at both campuses?

Consider students administrative support

Global Research Networks: Networks, consortia, or online platforms where she could connect with researchers worldwide.

International Publishing: Journals and open-access platforms that could give her work a broader audience.

International Mobility Programmes: Fellowships, exchange programmes, or funding for short-term research abroad.

Using Dr. Lee’s situation as inspiration, research ways she (and you) could participate in:

Many organizations provide opportunities for members to take on leadership roles, serve on committees, or contribute to setting standards and shaping the direction of the field. This enhances professional influence and visibility on an international scale.

Opportunities for Leadership and Service

Encourage Networking

Create opportunities for students to network with professionals and researchers from around the world through conferences, online platforms, and international partnerships.

Join interdisciplinary or field-specific research networks such as the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) or Global Young Academy. These networks often host collaborative events and online spaces for researchers to share work.

Collaborate and Connect with International Research Networks

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Data Repositories (e.g., Zenodo, Figshare)

Share code, software, or analysis tools you’ve developed, which other researchers can use or build upon, further extending your impact.

Upload datasets and supplemental materials to open data repositories. These platforms often assign DOIs to your data, making it citable and discoverable.

Upload and Share Data and Code on Open Repositories

Code Repositories (e.g., GitHub, GitLab)

Publishing in open-access journals ensures that your work is accessible to anyone without subscription barriers, increasing visibility among researchers and practitioners globally.

Publish in Open Access Journals and Platforms

Recognition and Incentives

Recognize and reward students who engage in international projects or publish their work, which can motivate others to follow suit.

Incorporate Global Perspectives in Curriculum

Design courses that include international case studies and encourage cross-border collaborations. This helps students understand the relevance of their work in a global context.

Sample Outcome (for Instructor’s Reference)

Encourage Participation in International Competitions and Conferences

Global Competitions: Motivate students to participate in international competitions related to their field, such as innovation challenges, case study competitions, or hackathons. These events often involve collaboration with international teams. Student Conferences: Support students in presenting their work at international student conferences. Help them submit abstracts, prepare presentations, and secure travel funding when necessary.

What would motivate you to join (or not join) a similar program?

What personal skills or attributes are enhanced by participating in such programmes?

How do joint programmes prepare students for global careers?

Reflect on whether you would consider participating in a joint international programme based on the insights gained from Alex’s scenario. Discuss as a group:

What are the potential benefits of international collaboration for your career?

What challenges did you encounter in finding opportunities?

Discuss your findings and strategies with your classmates. Consider the following:

2. International Publishing

• Submit a paper to Environmental Science & Technology, a globally recognized journal with a strong readership in her field.

• Publish preprints of her research on bioRxiv, an open-access preprint server, to gain feedback and international exposure even before formal publication.

Engage Students in International Research Projects

International Research Partnerships: Involve students in research projects with international partners. Students can help with data collection, analysis, or literature reviews and might have the chance to collaborate with researchers from abroad.Research Opportunities: Offer students the opportunity to engage in research projects with an international focus or even travel abroad for data collection or fieldwork under your supervision.

Agree on degree type following the national and institutional requirements of all participant HEIs. Usually there are the following possibilities: Double Degrees: Each institution offers its own degree, with students completing a set of courses from each institution to meet both institutions’ graduation requirements. Multiple Degrees: In this model, students earn separate degrees from more than two institutions. The degrees may have overlapping coursework but require meeting the specific degree requirements of each institution. Joint Degrees: The partner institutions jointly confer a single degree, integrating courses from both institutions into a unified curriculum. While this approach can be challenging due to its complexities, it has been successfully implemented by some institutions, serving as valuable examples of effective collaboration.

Agree on degree type

Hint: You hold expertise-specific memberships in international organisations (associations, societies, networks, etc.). In learning and teaching, you use the knowledge and experience gained through these memberships and through systematic participation in their online, blended and/or physical events and other activities.

Before beginning work on a joint programme, consult with the relevant administrative units at both the institutional and national levels to ensure that the national legislative framework and the university's internal regulations support joint programmes. Understand the specific requirements, limitations, and opportunities involved. Additionally, seek advice from colleagues who have experience with joint programmes at your institution or others.

Consider National Legislation

Twitter (X) and LinkedIn

Share video abstracts, presentations, or breakdowns of your work to engage a broader audience, especially those outside your field.

Post updates on your publications, conference presentations, and ongoing projects. Use hashtags (e.g., #AcademicTwitter, #PhDChat) to reach relevant audiences.

Engage in Social Media for Academics

Academic YouTube Channels or Personal Blogs

Create Collaborative Projects

Partner with institutions abroad to develop joint projects that encourage students to collaborate with their international peers.

Preprint Servers

Upload open-access versions of your papers to your institution's repository if it has one, which also helps boost visibility and discoverability.

Use platforms like arXiv, bioRxiv, or SocArXiv to share preprints (early versions of your research papers). Preprints increase visibility by making research available before formal publication.

Share Preprints and Open Access Versions of Your Work

Institutional Repositories

Hint: You foster student participation in different forms of collaboration with foreign HEIs and other international partners, such as joint study programmes/joint supervision of PhD students (cotutele/joint doctorate), etc. You may jointly supervise Master or PhD students (within joint study programme/cotutele/joint doctorate).

Collaborate with International Co-Authors: Having co-authors from different countries or institutions can enhance the credibility of the research and make it more attractive to international journals.

Engage in Peer Review Networks: Joining peer review boards or becoming a reviewer for academic journals increases exposure to the publishing process, making it easier to publish in the future.

Develop Strong Research Proposals: Ensure your research is methodologically sound, presents a significant contribution to the field, and is aligned with the interests of the target journal.

Target High-Impact Journals: Identify and submit to high-impact, peer-reviewed journals in your field (For the internationally recognised journals see: https://www.scimagojr.com/). Each journal typically provides submission guidelines on its website.

3. Publish in Internationally Recognised Journals

Organize Study Tours and Field Trips

Study Tours: Design short-term study abroad programmesthat include visits to international universities, companies, or cultural sites. These trips can be focused on particular disciplines and provide students with hands-on international experience. International Fieldwork: In fields like anthropology, biology, or environmental science, and others, organize field trips or internships abroad that allow students to work in diverse settings.

Research and discuss how joint international educational programmes might improve career opportunities and academic growth compared to traditional, single-institution programmes. Consider factors such as dual degrees, global networking, and enhanced intercultural communication skills.

Use University Partnerships and Networks

Institutional Collaborations: If your university has partnerships with institutions abroad, work with these partners to create student exchange programmes, collaborative research opportunities, or joint international educational programmes offering double/multiple/joint degrees. Network of International Alumni: Engage with alumni who have studied or worked abroad. Invite them to give guest lectures, mentor current students, or share their experiences, encouraging students to explore international opportunities.

Blog Platforms (e.g., Medium, WordPress)

Contribute blog posts or updates on your university’s website to inform and engage with the general public or prospective students.

Write simplified summaries of your research to make it accessible to non-specialists. Blogging platforms allow you to reach a broader, more diverse audience.

Write Lay Summaries or Blog Posts on Your Research

University or Laboratory Websites

Utilize Technology for International Engagement

Guest Lectures by International Experts: Invite international experts to give online guest lectures or participate in virtual Q&A sessions. This introduces students to different perspectives and professional networks. Global Classrooms: Use technology to create a “global classroom” where your class can connect in real-time with students from universities abroad, discussing shared topics and collaborating on projects.

Actively Share Research on Social Media and Academic Platforms: Share your research through social media (e.g., Twitter, LinkedIn) and academic networking sites (e.g., ResearchGate) to engage with a broader, international academic community.

Increase Visibility via Open Access Platforms: Publishing in open-access journals or depositing research in institutional repositories makes your work more accessible to a global audience, increasing the chance of international collaborations and citations.

7. Build a Strong International Research Profile

• Find the internatiomally recognised journal relevant to your field:
• Find the EU funding schemes and opportunities:
• Open Platforms:
• Tips on how to write in an internationally recognised, peer-reviewed journal:

Promote Language Skills

Encourage students to improve their foreign language skills, as this can increase their confidence and ability to participate in international settings.

Foster Peer-to-Peer Global Engagement

Buddy Programmes: Encourage students to participate in “buddy” programmes where they are paired with international exchange students on campus. These connections can take place either before or after the exchange students arrive, providing support and fostering friendships at any stage of their experience. Such programmes help students gain cultural exposure and build connections with international students. International Clubs and Societies: Support student-run international clubs or societies where students can organize activities with an international focus, such as cultural festivals, language exchange sessions, or discussion groups on global issues.

These memberships create opportunities to connect with other professionals, scholars, and experts from around the world. Networking can lead to collaborations, joint research projects, and academic exchanges that enhance both teaching and research.

Networking Opportunities

Joint Curriculum Development: Collaborate with partner institutions to design a curriculum that integrates the academic strengths of both/all institutions. The curriculum should meet the accreditation and quality assurance standards of both/all countries involved.

Programme Design and Curriculum Alignment

Identify possible challenges Alex might face, such as adjusting to a new academic environment, balancing different grading systems, or managing financial costs. Propose solutions or support systems (e.g., scholarship opportunities, orientation programmes, language classes) to help overcome these challenges.

Mobility Framework: Define the structure of student mobility between institutions. Will students spend one year at each institution? Will there be shorter exchanges for specific courses or internships? Make sure to plan for visa requirements (if applicable), accommodation, and integration support. Virtual Mobility: In addition to physical mobility, consider virtual, blended, or hybrid models that allow students to engage with the partner institution remotely for certain parts of the program.

Plan Student Mobility and Exchange

Credit Recognition and Transfer: Ensure that academic credits from each institution are recognised by the partner institution(s). Develop a clear process for credit transfer that meets the regulatory requirements of each country.

Agree on credit recognition

Joint Recruitment Campaigns: Develop a coordinated recruitment strategy that targets potential students in both (or all) partner countries. Use joint branding and marketing materials to emphasise the global nature of the program. Highlight Career Benefits: Emphasise the career advantages of earning a double or joint degree, such as enhanced employability, a global network, and diverse cultural experiences. Partner with industry to offer internships or job placements for graduates.

Marketing and Recruitment

Support Students’ Application for Scholarships and Grants

International Scholarships: Help students identify and apply for scholarships or grants that support studying or interning abroad. Many international bodies (e.g., DAAD, Chevening, etc.) offer financial aid for students looking to gain international experience. University Funding: Work with your institution to secure funding for student mobility, either through university programmes or external partnerships. Many universities have funds dedicated to supporting international travel for students.

3. Decision-Making Guide for Students

• Career Goals: Will this programme align with my long-term career objectives?
• Interest in Cultural Exchange: Am I open to immersing myself in a new culture and language?
• Academic Readiness: Do I feel prepared to meet the academic demands of multiple institutions?

Use Online Platforms: Platforms like ResearchGate or Academia.edu allow teachers to network with peers globally and discover ongoing research projects in their field.

Collaborate Across Institutions: Seek out collaborative research opportunities with international institutions. Many universities have partnerships or exchange programmes that encourage joint research and innovation projects.

Attend Conferences and Workshops: Regular participation in international academic conferences allows teachers to meet global peers, exchange ideas, and form collaborations on research and societal projects.

Join International Professional Bodies: Being a member of relevant associations, societies, or networks can provide access to international research collaborations, conferences, and project opportunities.

1. Networking and Collaboration

Explore Specialised Funding Bodies: Depending on the subject area, teachers can explore funding from international agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), or private foundations focused on specific societal challenges, such as climate change, global health, or education reform.

Collaborate with International Partners for Joint Grants: International research grants often require collaboration between multiple institutions across countries, making partnerships essential for securing funding.

Seek Funding from Global Agencies: Organizations like the European Union’s Horizon Europe, the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the World Health Organization (WHO), etc. offer research grants for international projects. Applying for these grants can facilitate participation in large-scale research and innovation efforts.

2. Apply for International Research Grants

Create a decision-making guide for students considering similar programmes. Include questions to evaluate fit, such as career goals, interest in cultural exchange, and willingness to engage in international academic systems.

Joint Quality Assurance Committees: Create a joint quality assurance and academic governance structure that ensures ongoing evaluation and enhancement of the program. This can include regular review meetings, external reviews, and student feedback mechanisms. Academic Standards: Maintain consistent academic standards across both/all participating institutions, including assessment methods, grading systems, and degree requirements. Ensure students are graded equitably, regardless of the institution they are studying at. Faculty Involvement: Involve faculty from both institutions in curricula development and enhancement, in teaching, assessment, and mentoring. This could also include opportunities for joint research or collaborative teaching.

Ensure internal quality assurance

Many international bodies offer workshops, seminars, and conferences that help members enhance their skills, stay current with academic and industry trends, and improve their teaching and research methods. These opportunities contribute to continuous professional growth.

Professional Development

Identify Suitable Partner Institutions: Begin by selecting international institutions that share similar academic standards, vision, and goals. Ensure that there is a clear overlap in fields of study or areas of specialization. Additionally, consider leveraging personal connections with collaborators at partner institutions where you have established relationships. Collaborating with individuals you know and trust can enhance alignment in work ethics, professional passions, and commitment to delivering results.

Establish Strategic Partnerships

Cross-Cultural Competence: Offer cultural integration programmes to help students navigate the social and academic environments of the partner institution. This can include language courses, cultural orientation sessions, or intercultural communication workshops. International Community: Foster a sense of belonging among students by creating opportunities for interaction, both in person and virtually, across the partner institutions. Establish joint student associations, alumni networks, and online platforms where students can engage.

Cultural Integration and Community Building

Membership in international organizations provides access to cutting-edge research, publications, and resources in their field, ensuring that teachers stay updated on the latest developments and best practices.

Access to the Latest Research and Knowledge

Online Applications: Most international professional bodies allow you to apply online via their official website. Supporting Documents: Be prepared to submit your CV, professional achievements, and recommendations, if required. Application Fees: Many organizations charge a membership fee, often on an annual basis. Fee structures may vary depending on the type of membership (e.g., student, professional, senior).

Submit an Application

Unit 4.1 includes a series of practical exercises, such as building a Benefits Comparison Chart, preparing a Comparative Portfolio of Professional Bodies, identifying ways to participate in international research and innovation projects, sequencing the steps for publishing in peer-reviewed journals, and matching strategies to increase academic visibility.

By the end of this unit, you will be equipped to:

5. Reflection Questions

• Which methods of participation seem most accessible or relevant to your career goals? Why?
• How do you think international collaboration could impact your field or the societal issues you care about?
• What skills or resources might you need to participate in international research effectively?

1. Benefits of Joint International Programmes

• Expanded Academic Resources: Access to faculty, research facilities, and library resources at multiple institutions.
• Global Networking: Opportunities to connect with professors, students, and professionals from different countries.
• Career Advancement: Dual degrees and international experience make students more competitive for global careers.
• Cultural and Language Skills: Immersion in a new culture fosters adaptability, cultural understanding, and language acquisition

Admissions: How will admissions be managed? Will students apply through one institution or both? Joint Admissions Process: Develop a unified admissions system where students can apply for the joint programme through a streamlined process. Ensure transparency in selection criteria and equal opportunities for students from different countries. Tuition Fees: How will tuition fees, if applicable, be handled? Will there be a shared fee structure, or will each institution set its own fees? Additionally, consider how differences in funding models, such as government-funded programmes or tuition-based systems, might impact the arrangement. Degree Conferral: Outline how the degree(s) will be conferred, considering whether it will be a joint diploma with the logos and signatures of both institutions, separate diplomas for double/multiple degrees, or other formats depending on national regulations. In some contexts, national legislation may require the use of the State's Coat of Arms or other official symbols on diplomas, particularly when the degree-awarding body is a ministry rather than the institutions themselves. This could affect the use of institutional logos and signatures. Intellectual Property and Research Collaboration: If the programme involves research, develop agreements regarding intellectual property rights, especially for joint research projects. Additionally, consider including stipulations on ethical approvals, specifying where and how they need to be obtained.

Consider organisational and financial aspects

ResearchGate, Academia.edu, ORCID

Create a profile to track citations, make your work discoverable, and enable others to follow your research updates.

Set up profiles on popular academic networking platforms, where you can share publications, connect with peers, and track citations.

Create and Maintain a Research Profile on Academic Networks

Google Scholar

International memberships often expose teachers to a diverse range of ideas, cultural perspectives, and interdisciplinary approaches, enriching their own teaching and broadening their academic horizons.

Interdisciplinary Learning and Cross-Cultural Perspectives

Provide Research Opportunities

Facilitate access to research projects that have international relevance. Encourage students to participate in research groups or laboratories that have global outreach.

By the end of this unit, you will: