Russian Revolution Information

Russian Revolution Information

Directions: Go through this site and explore the different components of the Russian Revolution. Take notes on your own and test your knowledge with the games. You don't have to watch all the videos, but do listen to all the sound bites!

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Russian Revolution

A period of dramatic political and social upheaval, saw the overthrow of the Tsarist government and the establishment of a communist government, culminating in tthe creation of the Soviet Union.

Scene 01

1905-1926

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Problems on the eve of revolution

Scene 02

Bloody Sunday and Hardships

1905

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Bolshevik revolution begins

From March to October 1917, the Russian Revolution unfolded in two stages: February/March Revolution (which overthrew the Tsar and established a Provisional Government) and the Bolshevik Revolution in October, which saw the Bolsheviks seize power and establish a Soviet government.

Scene 03

1917-1918

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Civil War

The Russian Civil War (1918-1922) was a multi-party conflict sparked by the Russian Revolution, pitting the Bolsheviks 'Red' Army against various anti-Bolshevik 'White' forces, including foreign interventionists, and ultimately resulting in the Bolsheviks' victory and the establishment of the Soviet Union.

Scene 04

1918-1922

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Rise and fall of vladimir lenin

Lenin rose to power by leading the Bolshevik Revolution and establishing a communist government in Russia. His rule ended with his death in 1924 after a series of strokes, leaving behind a power struggle that led to Joseph Stalin's rise.

Scene 05

1917-1953

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Match the problems in Russia on the eve of Revolution

Povetry was widespread and good land was scarce. Growing urban proletariat

Industrially underdeveloped and strained

Shaped by class struggle and that capitalism will eventually be overthrown by a proletarian revolution, leading to a classless, communist society.

Tsar Nicholas II was unpopular and seen as out of touch and weak

A political and economic ideology advocating for a classless society in which the means of production are collectively owned and controlled by the people.

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The End :)

After the Civil, Vladimir Lenin took his position as leader of the Soviet Union (USSR). He established the Red Terror, ordering the murder of thousands, and introduced the New Economic Policy (NEP). The NEP was used to stimulate the economy and brought back capitalism from sections of Russian society. The drawbacks was unemployment and caused division between revolutionaries. After his death, a power struggle emerged between Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin.

Vladimir Lenin

Bloody Sunday (1905)

In 1905, workers marched to Nicholas II’s Winter palace with a peaceful petition demanding broader rights. Tsar’s troops violently put down a protest → Russians no longer trust the tsar. Worker groups called the soviets – not the Tsar – basically control St. Petersburg. Nicholas II issued October Manifesto promising a constitutional government. Representative body, the Duma, put into place in 1907 – conservative in nature, basically kept the power of the tsar in place.

Context

Russia under the Tsars was an autocratic, conservative, and industrially backward country. The Romanov family had ruled since 1613 and generally resisted modernization, but after Russia’s defeat in the Crimean War (1853) and the Russo-Japanese War (1905), it was apparent Russia needed to modernize. The lack of industrial infrastructure made WWI especially damaging to the already stunted Russian economy, and the country was ripe for revolution.

Communism Gains Popularity

Frustrated workers in Russia begin to join the communist party called "Petrograd Soviets" councils. They organize protests and strikes and promoted insurrection in the military. During their protests and strikes they begin to promise "land, peace, and bread" to the citizens of Russia. As the Soviets begin to gain momentum, there was an increase in the radical Socialists party known as they Bolsheviks. Lenin led the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party, an early Russian marxist organization. While some socialists believed in gradual, peaceful change, the Bolsheviks called for immediate, violent change.

Civil War

Although lower-class Russians wanted peace, the treaty that ended their country's involvement in World War I did not bring it to them. Instead the country was plunged into a long civil war because numerous forces opposed the Bolsheviks who were called the Reds because of the color of the Communist flag. Their opponents were called the Whites, included members of the bourgeoisie and aristocracy who opposed communism but also other socialist factions that disliked Lenin. This included the Mensheviks and the Social Revolutionaries. For a time, the Whites seemed close to success. By 1921, however, the Communists had regained control of the country.

Russian Civil War (1918-1922)

Solution

Put this topic into context

February/March Revolutions

The February Revolution was an event in Russia when riots and strikes over food scarcity erupted in what is now St. Petersburg. Many Russians had lost faith in the leadership of the czarist regime.This is important because the February Revolution caused the imperial government to be overthrown, and a provisional government in its place. It effectively ended four centuries of Czarist rule.

After the fall of the Czar, the Russian Revolution introduced the Provisional government. This government made things like freedom of speech, assembly, more. It was a temporary government, and therefore did not make many reforms. The Provisional Government was an important phase because it allowed Vladimir Lenin and his Bolshevik party to attack the government on problems it was unable to solve. This contributed to the Lenin’s rise to power.

The October Revolution, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was the second and last major phase of the Russian Revolution of 1917. The Bolshevik party took power in Russia, inaugurating the Soviet regime. This was important because it brought a new way of thinking about economy, society, and politics. This also caused the communist movement to slowly develop, frightening the Capitalist world.