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Western Africa Geography

Erika Barlow

Created on March 18, 2025

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Welcome to West Africa!Click on each item chronologically to learn about the geography, resources, and challenges the region faces.

Explore the Sahel in Burkina Faso- Click the Link to Start Your Adventure!

Brainstorm: How can we preserve the African Sahel and prevent it from turning into desert?
Article to Learn More

The geography of western Africa is varied. There are desert and semidesert countries, wet countries with one rainy season, and even wetter countries with two rainy seasons.

Time to head home->

Natural Resources

Western Africa has access to many important natural resources, including good farmland, forests, and fish. Most economies in western Africa depend on farming. Many people in the region survive mainly by subsistence farming — growing or raising their own food. In the last century, minerals and oil have become increasingly important to western Africa's economies. Several countries in the region are major oil producers, especially Nigeria.

Natural Resources in West Africa

Many countries in western Africa are rich in mineral resources. Iron is an important resource in Mauritania. Guinea has much of the world's supply of bauxite, which is used for making aluminum. Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Ivory Coast have diamonds. Gold, copper, and other minerals are also mined in the region.

Natural Resources in West Africa

Nigeria has more oil reserves than any other country in Africa. It also has large coal and natural gas deposits. These resources, especially oil, are central to Nigeria's economy. Niger, Ivory Coast, Ghana, and several other western African countries also produce some oil. Many countries in the region produce hydroelectric power, which uses running water to generate power.

Natural Resources in West Africa

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Brainstorm: Why do you think access to clean water is such a big challenge in West Africa, and what can we do to help improve the situation for communities facing water scarcity?

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West Africa Exit Ticket

start

1/10

Western Africa is a warm region on the western coast of Africa that curves outward into the _________.

Pacific Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Northern Sea

Right!

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2/10

The northernmost portion of western Africa extends into the _____________.

The Congo

Nile River

Sahara Desert

Right!

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3/10

The mostly dry strip of land that separates the Sahara desert from wetter areas in western Africa.

The Sahel

The Nile

The Congo

Right!

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4/10

A type of farming in which people grow only enough crops to feed their families and do not sell crops to others.

Subsistence Farming

Traditional Farming

Elective Farming

Right!

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5/10

Nigeria has more _________ than any other country in Africa.

Oil Reserves

Diamonds

Cocoa Beans

Right!

Let's move on to the next question

8/10

The yellow section of the map is ___________

Sahara and Sahel

Gulf of Guinea

Right!

Let's move on to the next question

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