Q4 6.1 Synthetic Material Examples

Natural and Synthetic Material Examples

Fabrics

Flooring

Insulin

Cotton Balls

Vinyl floors are made by mixing natural materials like petroleum with salt to create a plastic called polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The PVC is heated and shaped into thin sheets or tiles, which can be layered with colors and patterns. Compared to natural wood flooring, vinyl is often more affordable, easier to install, and can handle moisture better without warping or swelling. It also requires less maintenance and can last longer without damage.

Natural cotton grows on a plant, while synthetic cotton is made in a factory using chemical processes. The creation of synthetic cotton usually starts with natural fibers of wood pulp or petroleum (the same stuff we get gasoline from). These fibers are then spun and processed to feel soft and look similar to natural cotton. Natural cotton is better for the environment because it can decompose, while synthetic cotton can contribute to pollution.

Natural insulin comes from the pancreas of animals, like pigs or cows, and was used for many years to treat diabetes. Synthetic insulin, on the other hand, is made in labs using genetic engineering, where bacteria are modified to produce insulin that is identical to human insulin. The benefit of synthetic insulin is that it is more reliable and has fewer side effects than animal-derived insulin. It is also more widely available and can be tailored to meet the needs of individual patients.

Wool comes from sheep and is a natural, breathable fabric that's warm and biodegradable. Polyester, a synthetic fabric made from petroleum-based chemicals, is durable, water-resistant, and usually cheaper. To make polyester, raw materials like oil are processed and turned into plastic fibers, which are then spun into fabric. While wool is great for cold weather, polyester is low-maintenance, but it's not biodegradable and can contribute to pollution.