The Normans

The

Normans

an extraordinary population

strategies

dynasty

end of the population

historical impact

art and tradition

language

origins

myts and religion

economy

society

Areas

origin

the term “Normans” derives from “Nordman” which means “Men of the North”.

Areas

The Normans were originally from Scandinavia, nowadays the northern part of Norway.

911

From the 10th century

BAttle in normandy

Rollo and Charles the Simple, made the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte

BATTLE OF HASTINGS

battle in England

1066

From the 11th century

NOV

William fights against Harold II for the throne

Southern Italy united with Kingdom of sicilyRobert II of Sicily

1130

Southern ItalyRobert Guiscard

1043-1059

1061-1091

battle in italy

To the 13th century

From the 10th century

SicilyRoger I and Roger II

To 14th century

From 11th century

Irland cost Henry II

battle in ireland

1166

Leinster Dermot MacMurrough

1169

Leinster Richard de Clare (Strongbow)

1171

They were renowned for their abilities, which were assimilated from their conquests and used to their advantage.

Strategies

Motte-and -bailey castles

Mobility

tactics of the charge

Shock troops

Naval Power

Cavalry and Roles

Siege Warfare

Feudal System and Military Organization

Military Strategies of the Normans

The Infantry and Archers

Feudal Levies

The Knight

The Figure of the Norman Soldier

and

Religion

Myts

Norman origins

Odin, Thor, Freyja, and Loki.

The myth of Ragnar Lothbrok

The myth of Sigurd

Rollo and Odin

Divine Descent

Integration of christianity

Norse Gods

Stories of Heroes and Gods

Myts

Chaos and deceptions.

War, wisdom, and death.

Love, beauty, fertility, war.

Thunder

religion

Monasteries and Churches

Veneration of Saints

Religious Tolerance

Christianity and Catholic Influence

Expansion and the Crusades

Religious Devotion and Shrines

economy

The Normans exploited a wide range of natural resources available in the territory of Normandy and the lands they conquered and another important resource was trade.

key goods traded

trade of slaves and prisoners

trade with sicily and northern europe

maritime trade and ships

markets and coinage

trade

It was a crucial aspect of their economy and expansion, both in Normandy and the lands they conquered. The Normans were skilled sailors and navigators, which greatly facilitated their commercial exchanges

Scandinavia

England

Mediterranean

Spain

Italy

English Channel

North Sea

Baltic Sea

society

It was highly structured and influenced by military economic and cultural tradition.

It was was rigid and it was reflected in the legal sistem istitutions and daily life.

Social Hierarchy

Governement and administrstion

Social classes

Role of women

Laws and justice

Slavery and serfdom

language

Norman language

The Norman language is a Romance language spoken in mainland Normandy. It is one of the most important language d'oïl.

Influence on English

Decline

Characteristics

Today

Origin

ART AND TRADITION

The art, music, typical dances, traditions, and architecture of the Normans reflect their complex culture and their expansion into various territories.

PAINTING AND DECORATION

SCULPTURE

ARCHITECTURE

Norman Art

Norman art is characterized by a blend of Viking, Anglo-Saxon, and French traditions, and was particularly linked to religion, architecture, and decorations.

Religious Buildings

Castles and Fortifications

Palaces

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architecture

The Bayeux Tapestry

Romanesque Painting

Painting and Decoration

Stone Sculptures

Tomb Sculptures

Stone Sculptures

Sculpture

Religious Music

Musical Instruments

Songs and Epic Poetry

It reflects the combination of Viking and Romanesque traditions.

Norman Music

Folk Dance

Viking Influence

Court Dance

Typical Dances

dinasty

The Norman dynasties played a crucial role in shaping European history during the Middle Age.These dynasties emerged trough a series of conquests and strategic marragies, consolidating their power and influence in these areas.

Rollo, William the Conqueror and Robert the Magnificent

dukes of normandy

William I and II Henry I

English kings

Roger I and II

kings of sicily

Henry II

norman dynasty in ireland

end of population

the main causes of the decline of the Normans can be summarized as follows...

Loss of territories

Internal dynastic stuggles

External presssures

Cultural and linguistic assimilation

Centralization of power

causes

historical impact

The Normans left a lasting impact on many regions of Europe and Medterranean.

Spread of feudalism

Romanesque architecture

Reformation of England

Development of Sicily

Cultural and linguistic influence

Alice Ciccarelli Benedetta Cardelli Matilde Angelini Chiara Bargiacchi Matteo Ferrari

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Peasants and Villeins

Vassals and Knights

Nobility

social classes

Artisans and Merchants

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GALLERY

Punishments

Domesday Book

Local tribunals

GALLERY

Their role wasn't only domestic.

• Legal and administrative terminology
• Culinary and everyday vocabulary
• Grammatical adaptations

The influence of Norman on the English Language

The Norman language gained immense importance with the Norman Conquest of England in 1066. How Norman influenced English

The bayeux tapestry

One of the most iconic artistic works of the Normans is the Bayeux Tapestry, a 70-meter-long embroidered cloth that illustrates the Norman Conquest of England. This remarkable piece of art serves as both a narrative of historical events and a work of visual art, detailing the story of William the Conqueror’s rise to power.

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Fiefs

It was centralized and organized through the feudal system..

King

Vassal

Governement and administration

• Norse influence
• Grammar and syntax
• Spelling and vocabulary

Characteristics of the Norman Language

Old Norman was a dialect of Old French with its own distinct characteristics due to Scandinavian influences. Here are some of its key features:

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